1.

How will you preparechlorine in the laboratory?

Answer»

Solution :(i) Chlorine is prepared by the ACTION of conc. Sulphuric acid on chlorides in presence of manganeses dioxide.
`4NaCl+MnO_(2)+4H_(2)SO_(4)rarr Cl_(2)+MnCl_(2)+4NaHSO_(4)+2H_(2)O`
(ii) It can ALSO be prepared by oxidising hydrochloric acid using various oxidising agents such as manganese dioxide, potassium permanganate or dichromate.
`PbO_(2)+4HClrarr PbCl_(2)+2H_(2)O+Cl_(2)`
`MnO_(2)+4HClrarr MnCl_(2)+2H_(2)O+Cl_(2)`
`2KMnO_(4)+16HClrarr 2KCl+2MnCl_(2)+8H_(2)O+5Cl_(2)`
`K_(2)Cr_(2)O_(7)+14HCl rarr 2KCl +2CrCl_(3)+7H_(2)O+3Cl_(2)`
(iii) When BLEACHING power is TREATED with mineral acids chlorine is liberated
`CaOCl_(2)+2HClrarr CaCl_(2)+H_(2)O+Cl_(2)`
`CaOCl_(2)+H_(2)SO_(4)rarr CaSO_(4)+H_(2)O+Cl_(2)`


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