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How would you distinguish between: (a) solutions of acetic acid, fornmic acid and ethanol (b) calcium formate and calcium acetate? (c) maleic acid and fumaric acid? (d) acetic acid and acetone? (e) acetic acid and acrylic acid? (f) tartaric acid and citric acid? (g) Benzoic acid and cinnamic acid? |
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Answer» Solution :(a) Both FORMIC and acetic acid solutions will give effervescences with `NaHCO_(3)`. Formic acid reduces Fehling's solution and Tollens reagent while acetic acid do not give these tests. Ethanol neither reacts with `NaHCO_(3)` nor with Fehling's solution and Tollen's reagent. (b) Calcium formate on HEATING forms a gas with pungent smell. Calcium acetate on heating forms vapours of pleasant odour c) Maleic acid on heating gives maleic anhydride. No anhydride is formed by fumaric acid. d) Acetic acid reacts with `NaHCO_(3)` to give effervescence. Acetone gives iodoform test and yellow crystalline compound with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. (e) Acrylic acid decolourises bromine water in `"CC"I_(4)` and purple colour of dilute `KMnO_(4)` solution. These tests are not given by acetic acid (f) Tartaric acid with Tollens reagent gives silver miror. Citric acid does not give this test. (G) Cinnamic acid being unsaturated compound decolourises bromine water in `"CC"I_(4)`. Benzoic acid does not give this test. Further benzoic acid gives a buff coloured (pale dull yellow) precipitate with neutral ferric CHLORIDE solution |
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