1.

(i) An inorganic iodide (A) on heating with a solution of KOH gives a gas (B) and the solution of a compound (C). (ii) The gas (B) on ignition in air gives a compound (D) and water. (iii) Copper sulphate is finally reduced to the metal on passing (B) through its solution. (iv) A precipitate of compound (E) is formed on reaction of (C) with copper sulphate solution. Identify (A) to (E) and give chemical equations for reactions at steps (i) to (iv).

Answer»

SOLUTION :(a) Since the gas (B) reduces copper sulphate solution finally to copper metal, therefore, it must be a good reducing agent. Further since the gas (B) along with a solution of compound (C) are obtained when the inorganic iodide (A) is heated whith a solution of KOH, therefore, gas (B) must be phosphonium iodide `(PH_(4)I)`.
(b) Since the gas (B) on ignition in air gives a compound (D) and water, therefore, compound (D) must be phosphorus pentoxide `(P_(2)O_(5))`.
(c) Since compound (C), i.e., KI on treatment with `CuSO_(4)` solution gives a precipitate of compound (E), therefore, compound (E) must be cuprous iodide `(Cu_(2)I_(2))`.
(d) The chemical equations for the REACTIONS at steps (i) to (iv) are as follows :
(i) `underset((A))(PH_(4)I)+KOH overset(Delta)rarr underset((B))(PH_(3)) + underset((C))(KI)+H_(2)O`
(ii) `underset((B))(2PH_(3))+4O_(2) rarr underset((D))(P_(2)O_(5)) + 3 H_(2)O`
(iii) `3 CuSO_(4) + underset((B))(2PH_(3)) rarr underset("Copper phosphide")(Cu_(3)P_(2))+2H_(2)SO_(4)`
`Cu_(3)P_(2)+3CuSO_(4) + 6H_(2)O rarr 6 Cu darr + I_(2) + 2 K_(2)SO_(4)`
(iv) `2CuSO_(4) + 4KI rarr underset((E))(Cu_(2)I_(2)) darr + I_(2) + 2K_(2)SO_(4)`
Thus, inorganic compound (A) is `PH_(4)I`, gas (B) is `PH_(3)`, compound (C) is KI, compound (D) is `P_(2)O_(5_` and compound (E) is `Cu_(2)I_(2)`.


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