1.

Illustratethe following name reactions giving suitable exaple in each case : (i) Clemmensen reduction (ii) Hell-Volhard-Zelinskyreaction. (b) How are the following conversions carried out ? (i) Ethylcyanide to ethanoic acid (ii) Butanol to Butanoic acid (iii) Benzoic acid to m-bromobenzoic acid

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Solution :(a) (i)Clemmensenreduction :
`underset("Ethanol")(CH_(3)-overset(O)overset(||)C-H)overset(Zn(HG)"in")underset("Conc.HCl")rarrunderset("Ethane")(H_(3)C-CH_(3))`
(ii) Hell-Volheard.
`underset("PROPANOIC acid")(H_(3)C-CH_(2)-COOH)underset(2.H_(2)O)overset(1.Cl_(2)//"Red".P)rarrunderset(alpha-"Chloropropanic")(H_(3)C-underset(Cl)underset(|)CH-COOH)`


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