1.

In an aromatic ring, a functional group with lone pair of electron exerts +M effect, some fnuctional groups like, -NO,-NC-CH=CH_(2) etc., can function both as electron donating (+M) or electron withdrawing (-M) groups. More extended conjugation provide more stabilization. The most stable carbocation is :

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SOLUTION : +IVE CHARGE is delocalised in all RINGS.


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