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| 1. |
In what way did Mahatma Gandhi transform the nature of the national movement? |
| Answer» <html><body><p></p>Solution :(a) Gandhiji returned to India from South Africa in 1915. In 1917 he went to Champaran in Bihar to fight for the cause of farmers who were <a href="https://interviewquestions.tuteehub.com/tag/forced-2086335" style="font-weight:bold;" target="_blank" title="Click to know more about FORCED">FORCED</a> to grow indigo by the British government. The farmers movement proved successful as the British government accepted the demands of the farmers. Since that time to 1948 when he was assassinated, he occupied the central place in the politics of India. The fact is Mahatma Gandhi is the chief protagonist of the Indian Freedom Struggle.<br/>(b) Mahatma Gandhi changed the nature of freedom movement and this can be elaborated by the following points:(i) When Gandhiji joined Indian politics, the freedom movement was limited to the middle class. Everybody who participated in the political movements was educated and product of the English education. <br/> (ii) Gandhiji made it all pervasive. Now people from villages, poor people, labours, <a href="https://interviewquestions.tuteehub.com/tag/workers-1459855" style="font-weight:bold;" target="_blank" title="Click to know more about WORKERS">WORKERS</a>, and students all became part of the freedom struggle. However, there are people who find fault with the act of Gandhiji.<br/>(iii) They point out that Mahatma Gandhi used religious symbols to popularise the freedom movement that in long term gave fillip to communal politics. It is notable that the Age of Gandhi is also the age of the Rise of Muslim League in Indian politics.<br/>(iv) Eminent author Nirad C Choudhary has also criticised Mahatma Gandhi for making the freedom movement a mass movement by short cuts. <br/> (v) Mahatma G.ndhi has to be credited with emancipation of women and their participation in the public life at a scale not known in Indian history. Women were very prominent in picketing activities against shops <a href="https://interviewquestions.tuteehub.com/tag/selling-25929" style="font-weight:bold;" target="_blank" title="Click to know more about SELLING">SELLING</a> foreign goods. <br/> (vi) The freedom movement gave some prominent women leaders viz. Sarojini Naidu, Rajkumari Amrit <a href="https://interviewquestions.tuteehub.com/tag/kaur-531352" style="font-weight:bold;" target="_blank" title="Click to know more about KAUR">KAUR</a> and many more. <br/> (vii) For Mahatma Gandhi freedom movement was also a platform for social reforms. He spoke in favour of place of dignity and respects for depressed classes.<br/>(viii) He made end to untouchability a fundamental <a href="https://interviewquestions.tuteehub.com/tag/objective-25531" style="font-weight:bold;" target="_blank" title="Click to know more about OBJECTIVE">OBJECTIVE</a> of his political philosophy. Thus, Mahatma Gandhi made freedom movement a mass movement and a movement much beyond politics.</body></html> | |