1.

Is the formula "Real depth/Apparent depth =µ" valid if viewed from a position quite away from the normal?

Answer»

No. 

Because in its derivation the formula  Sin i/sin r = µ has been used and keeping the angles i and r very small, the approximation sin i ≈ tan i, and sin r ≈tan r have been taken. When viewed from a position quite away from the normal these approximations do not hold good. Hence the formula "Real depth/ Apparent depth=µ" is not valid.



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