Name the factors governing the equilibrium constants of the coordinati

1.	Name the factors governing the equilibrium constants of the coordination compounds.
Answer» The equilibrium constant of the complex depends on the following factors : (a) Charge to size ratio of the metal ion : Higher the ratio greater is the stability. For the divalent metal ion complexes their stability shows the trend : Cu²⁺ > Ni²⁺ > Co²⁺ > Fe²⁺ > Mn²⁺ > Cd²⁺. The above stability order is called the Irving-William order. In the above list both Cu and Cd have the charge + 2, however, the ionic radius of Cu²⁺ is 69 pm and that of Cd²⁺ is 97 pm. The charge to size ratio of Cu²⁺ is greater than that of Cd²⁺. Therefore the Cu²⁺ forms stable complexes than Cd²⁺. (b) Nature of the ligand : A second factor that governs stability of the complexes is related to how easily the ligand can donate its lone pair of electrons to the central metal ion that is, the basicity of the ligand. The ligands those are stronger bases tend to form more stable complexes.

Name the factors governing the equilibrium constants of the coordination compounds.

Answer»

The equilibrium constant of the complex depends on the following factors :

(a) Charge to size ratio of the metal ion :

Higher the ratio greater is the stability. For the divalent metal ion complexes their stability shows the trend : Cu²⁺ > Ni²⁺ > Co²⁺ > Fe²⁺ > Mn²⁺ > Cd²⁺. The above stability order is called the Irving-William order. In the above list both Cu and Cd have the charge + 2, however, the ionic radius of Cu²⁺ is 69 pm and that of Cd²⁺ is 97 pm. The charge to size ratio of Cu²⁺ is greater than that of Cd²⁺. Therefore the Cu²⁺ forms stable complexes than Cd²⁺.

(b) Nature of the ligand :

A second factor that governs stability of the complexes is related to how easily the ligand can donate its lone pair of electrons to the central metal ion that is, the basicity of the ligand. The ligands those are stronger bases tend to form more stable complexes.

Name the factors governing the equilibrium constants of the coordination compounds.

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