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p-Nitrobenzoic acid has higher K_(a) value than benzoic acid. Give reasons. |
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Answer» Solution :Higher the `K_(a)`, stronger is the acid. Thus, p-nitrobenzoic acid is a stronger acid than benzoic acid. This is due to the following two reasons: (i) due to -I and -R-effect of the `-NO_(2)` group, the ELECTRON density in the O-H BOND decreases. as a result, O-H bond becomes weak and hence p-nitrobenzoic acid more easily LOSES a PROTON than benzoic acid  . (ii) Due to -I and -R-effect of the `NO_(2)` group, dispersal of the -ve charge OCCURS and hence p-nitrobenzoate ion becomes more stable than benzoate ion.  .
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