| Gland | Hormones | Functions | Excess/ deficiency | 
| 1. Pituitary gland | Growth hormone | Growth, catalyst in protein synthesis | Deficiency causes dwarfness and excess causes excess height even more than eight feet height | 
| 2. Thyroid gland | Thyroxine | regulates metabolism | Deficiency in children causes Cretinism, excess causes Grabe’s disease. | 
| 3. Pineal gland | Melatonin | control on sleep and awake | Excess or deficiency causes irregularity in sleep. | 
| 4. Pancreas | Insulin | Control on glucose metalbolism | Deficiency causes Diabetes, excess secretion cause low. sugar level. | 
| 5. Adrenal gland | Adrenaline | Regulates heart beats | Deficiency causes low blood pressure, hyper secretion causes high blood pressure. | 
| 6. Parathyroid gland | parathormone | regulates Calcium or Phosphorous | deficiency causes low calcium and high phosphorous level,excess causes high calcium level and low phosphorous level. | 
| 7. Thymus gland | Thymosin | Immunity and growth of sex organs | Deficiency causes less growth of sex organs. Excess causes over growth of sex organs. |