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Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follows: Nitrogen differs from the rest of the members of this group due to its small size, high electronegativity, high ionisation enthalpy and non-availability of d-orbitals. Nitrogen has unique ability to form p pi- p pimultiple bonds with itself and with other elements having small size and high electronegativity (For example, C, O). Heavier elements of this group do not form p pi - p pibonds as their atomic orbitals are so large and diffuse that they cannot have effective overlapping. Thus, nitrogen exists as a diatomic molecule with a triple bond (one s and two p) between the two atoms. Consequently, its bond enthalpy (941.4 kJ "mol"^(-1)) is very high. On the contrary, phosphorus, arsenic and antimony form single bonds as P-P, As-As and Sb-Sb while bismuth forms metallic bonds in elemental state, However, the single N-N bond is weaker than the single P-P bond because of high interelectronic repulsion of the non-bonding electrons, owing to the small bond length.Heavier elements of Group 15 do not form p pi - p pibonds. |
| Answer» Solution :ATOMIC orbitals of heavier ELEMENTS are so LARGE and diffused that they cannot have EFFECTIVE OVERLAPPING | |