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रु. 5. Discuss the verification of de-Broglie’s relation.e Tha da Denalsive it . |
| Answer» <p>Davisson and Germer Experiment, for the first time, proved the wave nature of electrons and verified the de Broglie equation. de Broglie argued the dual nature of matter back in 1924, but it was only later that Davisson and Germer experiment verified the results. The results established the first experimental proof of quantum mechanics.In this experiment, we will study the scattering of electrons by a Ni crystal.The experimental setup for the Davisson and Germer experiment is enclosed within a vacuumchamber. Thus the deflection and scattering of electrons by the medium are prevented. The main parts of the experimental setup are as follows:</p><p>Electron gun: An electron gun is a Tungsten filament that emits electrons viathermionicemission i.e. it emits electrons when heated to a particular temperature.</p><p>Electrostatic particle accelerator: Two opposite charged plates (positive and negative plate) are used to accelerate the electrons at a known potential.</p><p>Collimator: The accelerator is enclosed within a cylinder that has a narrow passage for the electrons along its axis. Its function is to render a narrow and straight (collimated) beam of electrons ready for acceleration.</p><p>Target: The target is a Nickel crystal. The electron beam is fired normally on the Nickel crystal. The crystal is placed such that it can be rotated about a fixed axis.</p><p>Detector: A detector is used to capture the scattered electrons from the Ni crystal. The detector can be moved in a semicircular arc as shown in the diagramabove.</p><p>The basic thought behind the Davisson and Germer experiment was that the waves reflected from two different atomic layers of a Ni crystal will have a fixedphase difference. After reflection, these waves will interfere either constructively or destructively. Hence producing a diffraction pattern.</p> <p>a(a-c) +b(c-a) +c(a-b) </p> | |