What is this exactly related to?

Fractional distillation of liquidair. You need to be able to explain how nitrogen and oxygen are obtained from theair. You will recall that about 78% of theairis nitrogen and 21% is oxygen. These two gases can be separated by fractional distillation of liquidair.

chemistry

Anair separationplant separatesatmospheric airinto its primary components, typicallynitrogenandoxygen, and sometimes alsoargonand other rareinert gases.

The most common method for air separation isfractional distillation. Cryogenic air separation units (ASUs) are built to provide nitrogen or oxygen and often co-produce argon. Other methods such as membrane,pressure swing adsorption(PSA) andvacuum pressure swing adsorption(VPSA) are commercially used to separate a single component from ordinary air. High purityoxygen,nitrogen, andargonused forsemiconductor device fabricationrequires cryogenic distillation. Similarly, the only viable source of therare gasesneon,krypton, andxenonis the distillation of air using at least twodistillation columns.