1.

Show that the relation R in the set A of all the books in a library of a school given by R = {(x, y): x and have the same number of pages} is an equivalence relation.

Answer»

Given: A = {All books in a library of a school} 

R = {(x, y): x and y have the same number of pages} 

Reflexivity: (x, x) ∈ R ⇒ R is reflexive on A 

Symmetric: Since books x and y have the same number of pages, so (x, y) ∈ R. 

Since books y and x have the same number of pages, so (y, x) ∈ R. 

⇒ R is symmetric on A. 

Transitivity: Books x, y, z have the same number of pages ⇒ (x, y) ∈ R and (y, z) ∈ R ⇒ (x, z) ∈ R ⇒ R is transitive on A. 

Hence, R is an equivalence relation.



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