1.

Sodium chloride is soluble in water but not in benzene because

Answer»

`DeltaH_("hydration")ltDeltaH_("lattice ENERGY in water")and`
`DeltaH_("hydration")gtDeltaH_("lattice energy in benzene")`
`DeltaH_("hydration")gtDeltaH_("lattice energy in water")and`
`DeltaH_("hydration")ltDeltaH_("lattice energy in benzene")`
`DeltaH_("hydration")=DeltaH_("lattice energy in water")and`
`DeltaH_("hydration")ltDeltaH_("lattice energy in benzene")`
`DeltaH_("hydration")ltDeltaH_("lattice energy in water")d`
`DeltaH_("hydration")=DeltaH_("lattice energy in benzene")`

Solution :For a SUBSTANCE to dissolve, the energy evolved when the ions are HYDRATED (hydration energy) must be larger than the energy required to BREAK the crystal lattice (lattice energy). Conversely if the solid insoluble, the hydration energy is less than the lattice energy.


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