1. De Morgan’s theorem 1: When the OR sum of two variables is inverted, this is the same as inverting each variable individually and then ANDing these inverted variables. (X + Y)’ = X’. Y’
2. De Morgan’s theorem 2: When the AND product of two variables is inverted, this is the same as inverting each variable individually and then ORing them. (X.Y)’ = X’ + Y’