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State the first and second law of electrolysis. |
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Answer» Solution :First law of electrolysis : The mass of any substance deposited or liberated at any electrode is directly proportional to the quantity of electricity passed. Thus if `w_(g)` of the substance is deposited on PASSING Q coulombs of electricity, then `WpropQ` or `W=ZQ` where Z is a constant of proportionality called electrochemical equivalent of the substance deposited. If a current of C amperes is passed for t SECONDS then `Q=Cxxt` so at `W=ZxxCxxt` or, `W=("Equivalent wt. of the substance")/(96500)xxCxxt` Second law of electrolysis : When the same quantity of electricity is passed through solutions of weight of the SUBSTANCES produced at the electrodes is directly proportional to their equivalent weights. For example, for `CuSO_(4)` solution and `AgNO_(3)` connected in the series if the same quantity of electricity is passed then, `("Weight of Cu deposited")/("Weight of Ag deposited")=("eq. wt. of Cu")/("eq. wt. of Ag")` |
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