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State the two forms of the second law of thermodynamics. |
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Answer» Second law of thermodynamics : 1. It is impossible to extract an amount of heat QH from a hot reservoir and use it all to do work W. Some amount of heat QC must be exhausted (given out) to a cold reservoir. This prohibits the possibility of a perfect heat engine. This statement is called the first form or the engine law or the engine statement or the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thermodynamics. 2. It is not possible for heat to flow from a colder body to a warmer body without any work having been done to accomplish this. This prohibits the possibility of a perfect refrigerator. This statement is called the second form or the Clausius statement of the second law of thermodynamics. Notes : 1. Max Planck (Karl Ernst Ludwig) (1858- 1947) German physicist, put forward quantum therory of radiation. 2. Rudolf Clausius (1822-88) German theoretical physicist, made significant contribution to thermodynamics. |
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