Explanation:

Sprinkler System

• The sprinkler system consist of water storage reservoir, a pump of suitable discharge capacity and pressure, normally installed near reservoir and delivery mains taken up to the area under protection in the proper distribution of pipe mains and branches.
• Under fire condition the sprinkler bulb burst as the rated temperature arrives and releases the water held by glass bulb. Due to the pressure difference at the seat of alarm valve causes to open the valve to provide water to the sprinkler. As the valve get open it gives alarm with going connected to the system.
• The automatic sprinkler consists of assembly of a liquid filled glass bulb fitted in brass or bronze yoke with an deflector at outlet and threaded inlet connection.
• The glass bulbs are rated for particular temperature, block the outlet orifice to pressurise the downside of the alarm valve to keep valve closed in normal condition. In case of fire the liquid inside glass bulb expands and shatters the glass bulb to open the orifice and water under pressure starts flowing in the form of spray.
• In place of glass bulb fusible metallic string assembly is also used.

Advantages of Sprinkler System :

1. Being fixed system and automatic in operation, most dependable system.
2. As the sprinklers in fire affected areas only operate, the water damage kept to the minimum.
3. Sprinklers can installed even in concealed spaces, which are difficult to approach (like cable galleries in power station) which is great convenience in case of fire.
4. Substantial reduction in insurance premium hence economical in long run.
5. Very good for exposure protection.
6. Since the response is quick acting the fire lost is minimum.