Following are the characteristics of a data warehouse:-

• Subject-oriented : Because it distributes information about a theme rather than an organization's actual operations, a data warehouse is always subject-oriented. It is possible to do so with a certain theme. That is to say, the data warehousing procedure is intended to deal with a more defined theme. These themes could include sales, distribution, and marketing, for example. The focus of a data warehouse is never solely on present activities. Instead, it CONCENTRATES on demonstrating and analyzing evidence in order to reach diverse conclusions. It also provides a simple and precise demonstration around a specific theme by removing info that isn't needed to make conclusions.
• Integrated : It is similar to subject orientation in that it is created in a dependable format. INTEGRATION entails the creation of a single entity to scale all related data from several databases. The data has to be STORED in several data warehouses in a shared and widely accessible manner. A data warehouse is created by combining information from a variety of sources, such as a mainframe and a relational database. It must also have dependable naming conventions, formats, and codes. The utilization of a data warehouse allows for more effective data analysis. The consistency of name conventions, column scaling, and encoding structure, among other things, should be validated. The data warehouse integration handles a variety of subject-related warehouses.
• Time-Variant : Data is kept in this system at various time intervals, such as weekly, monthly, or annually. It discovers a number of time limits that are structured between massive datasets and held in the online transaction process (OLTP). Data warehouse time limitations are more flexible than those of operational systems. The data in the data warehouse is predictable over a set period of time and provides information from a historical standpoint. It contains explicit or implicit time elements. Another property of time-variance is that data cannot be edited, altered, or updated once it has been placed in the data warehouse.
• Non-volatile : The data in a data warehouse is permanent, as the name implies. It also means that when new data is put, it is not erased or REMOVED. It incorporates a massive amount of data that is placed into logical business alteration between the designated quantity. It assesses the analysis in the context of warehousing technologies. Data is read-only and REFRESHED at scheduled intervals. This is useful for analyzing historical data and understanding how things work. It is not required to have a transaction process, a recapture mechanism, or a concurrency control mechanism. In a data warehouse environment, operations like delete, update, and insert that are performed in an operational application are lost.