(a) Dog bite :

First aid is some immediate aid given to a victim or patient before medical treatment is available.

1. Wash the wound with a soap solution.

2. Cover the wound with a clean and dry cloth.

3. Get a doctor’s help.

(b) Scratches/Bleeding :

1. Make the person sit or lie down comfortably. 

2. Clean the bleeding part of the bodywith water. 

3. Keep it above the level of the heart.

(c) Bums/Scalds :

a. Minor bums -

1. The injured part should be washed with water or held underwater. 

2. Give the victim water to drink. 

3. Clean the wounds using a cotton swab soaked in an antiseptic solution. 

4. Do not apply oily ointments. 

5. Cover the wound using dry dressings.

b. Serious bums -

1. Give emotional support. 

2. Cover the wound with sterilised cloth. 

3. Remove jewellery, shoes etc. if easily possible. 

4. Do not touch or burst the blisters on the skin. 

5. Do not apply oily ointments. 

6. Do not try to remove the cloth if it is struck to the burnt skin. 

7. If the patient is conscious give water to drink but avoid tea or coffee or other stimulating drinks. 

Get medical aid at once.

(d) Snakebite :

1. Wash the wound with water. 

2. Give emotional support to the patient. 

3. Tie a cloth tightly above the wound. 

4. Get immediate medical help.

(e) Sunstroke :

1. Take the patient to a cool place or in the shade. 

2. Sponge the whole body with cold water. 

3. Place a cloth soaked in cold water on the neck.

4. Give plenty of water or liquids like sherbets to drink. 

5. If the patient feels like vomiting make him prone i.e. on his/her abdomen with the head turned to one side. 

6. Get medical help or shift the patient to a hospital.