1.

What is a multi-staged model for team formation and development?

Answer»

All multi-staged models for team formation recognise different stages that a group of people go through from the start, getting together, to becoming a high-performing team.

There are several published models from those that involve rigorous mathematical steps to analyse team NEEDS and individual attributes, such as that proposed in TWO Multi-Objective Stochastic

StageKey Elements of the Development Stage
Forming
  • Orientation to task and team
  • Ground rules identified
  • Reliant on leader
Storming
  • Strong emotional responses to team and task
  • Uncertainty, anxiety, and resistance
  • Internal friction, conflict, crisis often are the result
Norming
  • Open exchange of information, emotional support, team cohesions
  • Interpersonal team structures created
  • Development of group norms
Performing
  • Team becomes a “working organization”
  • Capacity to PROBLEM solve and ADAPT to achieve tasks at hand
Outperforming
  • Team exceeds the performance norms
  • Team able to function and successfully PERFORM in the larger system
  • Sustainment of tasks are achieved
Adjourning
  • Change is embedded into the organization
  • Project team disbands

Models for Project Team Formation Under Uncertainty in Time Requirements, to the more simple and well-known Tuckman Model.

 Tuckman’s model, first published in 1965, initially only had the first 4 stages in the table; he added the 5th and 6th stages in 1975.

At first the group of people are reliant on a ‘leader’ and as the group emerges as a team, they become less reliant on a ‘leader’ and become self-organising


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