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What is lucas reagent? How does it help in distinguishing primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols?

Answer»

Solution :Lucas reagent is a mixture of conc. HCl and ANHYDROUS `ZnCl_(2)`. The product is alkyl chloride ACCOMPANIED by white turbidity and cloudiness.
`-underset(1^(@), 2^(@)"or"3^(@))underset(("Alcohol")) underset(|)overset(|)(C)-OH+H-Cloverset(ZnCl_(2))(to)-underset(("Alkyhchloride"))underset(|)overset(|)(C)-Cl+H_(2)O`
(i) It turbidiy appears immediately, alcohol is tertiary `(3^(@))`
(ii) It turbidity appears after sometime, alcohol is secondary `(2^(@))`
(iii) In case turbidity appears on heating, alcohol is primary `(1^(@))`


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