SAP R/3 is the former name of the enterprise resource planning software produced by SAP AG. 

It is an enterprise-wide information system designed to coordinate all the resources, information, and activities needed to complete BUSINESS processes such as order fulfillment or billing. 

SAP R/3 was arranged into distinct functional modules, covering the TYPICAL functions in place in an organization. 

The most widely used modules were Financial s and Controlling (FICO), Human Resources (HR), Materials Management (MM), Sales & Distribution (SD), and Production Planning (PP). 

Each module handled specific business tasks on its own, but was linked to the others where applicable. 

For instance, an invoice from the billing transaction of Sales & Distribution would pass through to accounting, where it will appear in accounts receivable and COST of goods sold.

SAP typically FOCUSED on best practice methodologies for driving its software processes, but more recently EXPANDED into vertical markets. 

In these situations, SAP produced specialized modules (referred to as IS or Industry Specific) geared toward a particular market segment, such as utilities or retail. 

SAP R/3 is the former name of the enterprise resource planning software produced by SAP AG. 

It is an enterprise-wide information system designed to coordinate all the resources, information, and activities needed to complete business processes such as order fulfillment or billing. 

SAP R/3 was arranged into distinct functional modules, covering the typical functions in place in an organization. 

The most widely used modules were Financial s and Controlling (FICO), Human Resources (HR), Materials Management (MM), Sales & Distribution (SD), and Production Planning (PP). 

Each module handled specific business tasks on its own, but was linked to the others where applicable. 

For instance, an invoice from the billing transaction of Sales & Distribution would pass through to accounting, where it will appear in accounts receivable and cost of goods sold.

SAP typically focused on best practice methodologies for driving its software processes, but more recently expanded into vertical markets. 

In these situations, SAP produced specialized modules (referred to as IS or Industry Specific) geared toward a particular market segment, such as utilities or retail.