Process control paradigm is ideal for the systems that require continuous monitoring of certain output values. In such systems the output values need to be at a specified range in order for the system to FUNCTION. This paradigm may be applied to real-time systems, where the timing is a CRITICAL element of system requirements. An autopilot system is a good candidate for process control paradigm. Altitude control element of an autopilot system is an example of a closed-loop system, as the system must be running continuously (READING INFORMATION from sensors and processing acting accordingly). A set point of such system would be a specified attitude, and an input variable would be the data from the altimeter. The manipulated variables would be the engine thrust and the elevators of an airplane. The goal of the system would be to maintain the specified altitude (controlled variable) to ensure a smooth flight.

Process control paradigm is ideal for the systems that require continuous monitoring of certain output values. In such systems the output values need to be at a specified range in order for the system to function. This paradigm may be applied to real-time systems, where the timing is a critical element of system requirements. An autopilot system is a good candidate for process control paradigm. Altitude control element of an autopilot system is an example of a closed-loop system, as the system must be running continuously (reading information from sensors and processing acting accordingly). A set point of such system would be a specified attitude, and an input variable would be the data from the altimeter. The manipulated variables would be the engine thrust and the elevators of an airplane. The goal of the system would be to maintain the specified altitude (controlled variable) to ensure a smooth flight.