The correct answer is Stringent administrative measures regarding sanitation were implemented and building activity in the Indian towns was regulated.

• The physical growth of urban areas as a result of rural migration and even suburban concentration into cities is called Urbanisation.
• A demographic and social process whereby people move from urban areas to rural areas is called counter urbanization.
• Facts related to the urbanization process under British rule in the 19th Century:
  • In the process new urban spaces called Civil Lines were set up, to accommodate Indian elites.
  • For the British, the "Black" areas came to symbolize not only chaos and anarchy but also fifth and disease.
  • Cantonments, hill stations were distinctive features of colonial urban development.
• The following are the causes of urbanization in the 19th Century:
  • Agrarian Crisis
  • Natural Resource Mining
  • The attraction of Employment opportunities in the big cities
  • Factories were located near urban areas.
• The following are the effects of urbanization in the colonial period:
  • Growth of population
  • The suitable natural environment and geographical position
  • Well communication
  • Favourable trade and commerce place
  • Growth of industry religious places.