1.

Which of the following is the correct increasing order of basicity of amines in gaseous phase ?

Answer»

`(CH_(3))_(2)NH gt CH_(3)NH_(2) gt (CH_(3))_(3)N gt NH_(3)`
`(CH_(3))_(3)N gt (CH_(3))_(2)NH gt CH_(3)NH_(2) gt NH_(3)`
`(CH_(3))_(2)NH gt (CH_(3))_(3)N gt CH_(3)NH_(2) gt NH_(3)`
`(CH_(3))_(3)N gt CH_(3)NH_(2) gt (CH_(3))_(2)NH gt NH_(3)`.

Solution :Alkyl AMINES `(1^(@), 2^(@), 3^(@))` are stronger bases than ammonia. This can be explained in terms of electron releasing INDUCTIVE effect of alkyl group. As a result, the electron density on the nitrogen ATOM increases and thus, they can donate the lone pair of electros more easily than ammonia.

The electron releasing effect is MAXIMUM in tertiary amines and minimum in primary amines (in GAS phase) `3^(@)` Amine `gt 2^(@)` amine `gt 1^(@)` amine `gt NH_(3)`


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