Write a note on the Kushanas in detail.

1.	Write a note on the Kushanas in detail.
Answer» Kujula Khadphises declared himself as the king of Bactria and with this the Kushana rule was established up to Kabul, Kashmir. The Chinese records, Greek and Roman literature provide information about this. The Kushanas’ are referred to as ‘Tukhar’ or ‘Tushar’. The Kushanas followed the system of Shakas and established their Satrapi’s there. A military officer called ‘Satrapa (Kshatrapa) was appointed. The king was the chief of all the Satrapi’s. The kings adopted titles like ‘Rajadhiraj’, ‘Maharaj’ etc. The concept of the divinity of the kings is seen for the first time in the inscription on the Kushana coins. They called themselves ‘Devputra’ (Son of God). Kanishka obtained the status of an emperor. His empire extended from Kabul to Pataliputra and from Kashmir to Malwa. He established two capitals, one at Purushpur (Peshawar) and the other at Mathura. The fourth Buddhist council was organized by Kanishka at Kundalvam in Kashmir. The Kushanas had adopted Indian cultures which is obvious from the name of the last Kushana king “Vasudeva’.

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