1.

Write the following relations as sets of ordered pairs and find which of them are functions:i. {(x, y): y = 3x, x ∈ {1, 2, 3}, y ∈ {3, 6, 9, 12}} ii. {(x, y): y > x + 1, x = 1, 2 and y = 2, 4, 6} iii. {(x, y): x + y = 3, x, y∈ {0, 1, 2, 3}}

Answer»

i. {(x, y): y = 3x, x ∈ {1, 2, 3}, y ∈ {3, 6, 9, 12}} 

When x = 1, we have 

y = 3(1) = 3 

When x = 2, we have 

y = 3(2) = 6 

When x = 3, we have 

y = 3(3) = 9 

Thus, 

R = {(1, 3), (2, 6), (3, 9)} 

Every element of set x has an ordered pair in the relation and no two ordered pairs have the same first component but different second components. 

Hence, 

The given relation R is a function.

ii. {(x, y): y > x + 1, x = 1, 2 and y = 2, 4, 6} 

When x = 1, we have 

y > 1 + 1 or y > 2

⇒ y = {4, 6} 

When x = 2, we have

y > 2 + 1 or y > 3

⇒ y = {4, 6} 

Thus, 

R = {(1, 4), (1, 6), (2, 4), (2, 6)} 

Every element of set x has an ordered pair in the relation. However, two ordered pairs (1, 4) and (1, 6) have the same first component but different second components. 

Hence, 

The given relation R is not a function.

iii. {(x, y): x + y = 3, x, y∈ {0, 1, 2, 3}} 

When x = 0, we have 

0 + y = 3

⇒ y = 3 

When x = 1, we have 

1 + y = 3

⇒ y = 2 

When x = 2, we have 

2 + y = 3

⇒ y = 1 

When x = 3, we have 

3 + y = 3

⇒ y = 0 

Thus, 

R = {(0, 3), (1, 2), (2, 1), (3, 0)} 

Every element of set x has an ordered pair in the relation and no two ordered pairs have the same first component but different second components. 

Hence, 

The given relation R is a function.



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