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To be able to USE MySQL’s transaction FACILITY, you have to be using MySQL’s INNODB storage engine (which is the DEFAULT from VERSION 5.5 onward). If you are not sure which version of MySQL your code will be running on, rather than assuming InnoDB is the default engine you can force its use when creating a table, as follows.

The process of breaking up large TABLES into smaller CHUNKS (CALLED shards) that are spread across MULTIPLE servers is called Sharding. 
The advantage of Sharding is that since the sharded database is generally much smaller than the ORIGINAL; queries, maintenance, and all other tasks are much faster.

In MySQL, SCALING capacity is ACTUALLY the ability to handle the load, and it’s useful to think of load from several different ANGLES such as:

• Quantity of data
• Number of users
• User activity
• Size of related datasets

The top layer contains the services most network-based client/server TOOLS or servers need such as connection handling, authentication, SECURITY, and so forth.
The second layer contains much of MYSQL’s brains. This has the code for query parsing, analysis, optimization, CACHING, and all the built-in functions.

The third layer contains the storage engines that are responsible for storing and retrieving the data stored in MySQL.