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Refactoring is a PROCESS of IMPROVING the internal structure of the source code of the program while not disturbing any EXTERNAL structure. Refactoring doesn’t MEAN fixing bug and rewriting code. In the context of AGILE, it defines the difference between meeting or not meeting.

A TASK board is a chart that represents the columns: In PROGRESS, To do and Done columns that help the USER organize the teamwork. Backlog as a column can also be created to track what’s left.

Scrum-ban is a SOFTWARE development model, a combination of kanban and scrum. It is considered for maintenance projects that REQUIRE CHANGES or wonderful user stories. The minimum completion time can be reduced with the use of scrum ban.

Tracer bullet can be defined as a spike with the current set or BEST practices or contemporary architecture. It is used to examine the workability of an end-to-end process and its feasibility.

TDD or the TEST DRIVEN Development is a test-first development technique which used to ADD a test before the complete production CODE could be written. The test will be run based on the result refactor the code to complete the test requirements.

Spikes are CREATED to RESOLVE TECHNICAL issues and design problems of the PROJECT with utmost priority.

There are two types of spikes; technical and FUNCTIONAL.

Tasks are created by the development team to accomplish the business requirements. Whereas, the USER stories DEFINE the ACTUAL business requirement and are usually created by the business owner. A GROUP of user stories will be called as N epic.

An AGILE TESTER should:

• Be ABLE quickly to proc toss and understand the requirements.
• Know Agile PRINCIPLES and concepts.
• Understand the risks associated with a project as it gets complex.
• Prioritize the work based on the requirements.
• Regular and well-processed communication with the development team and other project associates.

A test stub in Agile is a SMALL CODE which mimics a specific COMPONENT in the SYSTEM and can REPLACE it. The output of the test stub will be the same as the component it will return.

In a pair programming technique, two programmers work as a team in which one writes the code where the other one reviews that code. The ROLES are switchable throughout the process.

It can BENEFIT the team with:

• IMPROVED code QUALITY and reduced chance of errors.
• Knowledge sharing among team members.

In AGILE, velocity is a metric which is CALCULATED by ADDITION of efforts estimates associated user stories completed in an iteration. The speed will predict how much work Agile can achieve in the SPRINT and the required time for its completion.

The product backlog is usually maintained by the owner of the project which contains every requirement and FEATURE LIST of the products. Whereas, the sprint backlog is a subset of product backlog which includes ELEMENTS and FEATURES related to a PARTICULAR sprint only.

• Agile promotes incremental methodology, whereas sequential methods are used by conventional techniques.
• Agile focuses on a complete group associated with the project and the REQUIRED interaction in between them. Compared to which, other WAYS only emphasize processes and tools.
• Agile focuses on an end product which must be best to the functions but without documentation priority. The conventional methods work opposite it.
• Agile methods include clients as an INTEGRAL part of the whole project DEVELOPMENT, whereas this may not be a case for other methodologies.

The Agile testing life cycle is as follows:

• Iteration -1 - This identifies, prioritize the potential project and cinder its feasibility.
• Iteration 0 (Warm Up) – Project initialization and initial input formalities, and the emphasis are on building a unit.
• Construction Iterations - Active client participation in determining the expected output and requirements.
• Release - Start of PRODUCTION, final system testing and end-user training.
• Production – Operation, support and identification of system defects.
• Retirement – Complete system removal from production and user migration.

With Agile TESTING, developers will have higher control over the code or design that is under DEVELOPMENT due to the implementation of an incremental and iterative development phase in the project. This will ALSO promote a confident mindset among the team members. The small unit development process also brings the required modularity to the PRODUCT, making it more reusable.

Developers have to be adaptive in this case to ensure the successful implementation of the Agile method of testing for the project.

• With a massive development concept, developers have to BREAK it up to facilitate periodic testing.
• Frequent BUILDS and version for developers due to short ITERATIONS of test cycles.
• Sudden changes will be required which may create complex situations for the development team.
• Cautious integration of smaller unit pieces to SUPPORT the significant integration test which may COME later.

Here are a few crucial characteristics of Agile testing methods:

• To ensure tests are done over every simple and even the smallest unit of CODE that is being developed.
• To create a result oriented testing process that advantages the MANAGEMENT and technical aspects of the project.
• Utilize Agile methods of testing over units of code to match the complex requirements at every stage of the DEVELOPMENT.