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4751.

Question : (a)Match the following {:("1. Big Bang theory","- (a) study of regions and practical use of plants"),("2. Petrifaction","- (b) organisms buried and cause depression"),("3. Archaeopterys","- (c) other name for astrobiology"),("4. Ethnobotany","- (d) preserve hard and soft parts"),("5. Mold","- (e) origin of universe"),("6. Exobiologi","- (f) fossil bird"):} (b)Match the following {:("1. Oparin and haldane"," (a) use and disuse theory"),("2. Ernest Haeckel","- (b) Mutation theory"),("3. Leonardo da vinci","- (c) Father of Indian paleobotany"),("4. Jean Baptiste Lamarck","- (d) Life from chemical reaction"),("5. Darwin","- (e) Father of paleontology"),("6. De vries","- (f) Radioactive carbon"),("7. Birbal sahani","- (g) Ethnobotany"),("8. W.F. Libby","- (h) Origin of species"),("9. J.W. Harshberger","- (i) Biogenetic law"):}

Answer»


ANSWER :(a) 1. (e ), 2. (d), 3. (f), 4. (a), 5. (B), 6. (c )
(b) 1. (d) , 2. (i), 3. (e ), 4. (a), 5. (h) , 6. (b), 7. (c ), 8. (f), 9. (g)
Discussion
4752.

Question : A marine bony fish continuoulsy

Answer»

acqure WATER and GET RID of SALT
get rid of both water and salt
get rid of water and ACQUIRE salt
acquire both water and salt

Answer :A
Discussion
4753.

Question : A man with blood group A marries a woman with blood group O and their daughter has blood group O. Is this information enough to tell you which of the traits blood group A or O is dominant ? Why or why not ?

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Solution :No, the given information is not enough to TELL us WHETHER the trait of blood group A or blood group O is dominant.
`RARR` Blood group trait is CONTROLLED by GENES and inherited from parents.
`rarr` Daughter has blood group O and two copies of genes as it inherited one each from the father and the mother.
Discussion
4754.

Question : A man with blood group A marries a woman with blood group O and their daughter has blood group O. Is this information enough to tell you which of the traits-blood group A or 0- is dominant? Why or why not?

Answer»

Solution :No, because EITHER blood GROUP A or O can be DOMINANT.
Possibility I: Blood group A is dominant and blood group O is RECESSIVE
Possibility II : Blood group O is dominant and blood group A is recessive.
Discussion
4755.

Question : A man with blood group A marries a woman with blood group O and their daughter has blood group O. Is this information enough to tell you which of the traits - blood group A or O - is dominant. Why or why not ?

Answer»

Solution :Given: Man with blood GROUP A, so genotype may be `I^(A)" "I^(A)" or "I^(A)` i.
Woman with blood group O, so genotype will be ii.
Daughter.s blood group is O, so blood group will be i i.
This cross clearly shows that the daughter MUST get two genes from two PARENTS. Since mother has both RECESSIVE genes, she can give only recessive gene. This implies that father must have genotype `I^(A)` i (for blood group A) so as to be able to give other .i. to the daughter Since blood group O is expressed only in homozygous recessive situation ie., .i i hence it is recessive trait.
Blood group .A. is a DOMINANT trait as it expressed even in heterozygous condition.
Thus this information is enough.
Discussion
4756.

Question : A man with blood group A marries a woman with blood group O and their daughter has blood group O. Is this information enough to tell you which of the traits blood group A or O is dominant? Why or why not?

Answer»

Solution :The information is insufficient to TELL whether the trait - .A. or .O. is DOMINANT.
In case I let us assume that trait .A. is dominant. Then father may have `I^(A)I^(A) or I^(A)I^(O)` and mother `I^(O)I^(O)` .

In this case, 50 per cent of the progeny will have blood group A and 50 PERCENT of the progeny will have blood group O, when father.s blood group is A and mother.s is O.
In case II, let us assume that trait .O. is dominant. In this case also, we SEE that child may have blood group O.
SINCE, in both the assumptions the child can have blood group O so, we cannot establish which trait is dominant.
Discussion
4757.

Question : A man suddenly sees a tiger. His heartbeat goes up, blood pressure increases, etc. Which hormone is released at this time in his body?

Answer»

PARATHORMONE
adrenaline
corticoid
thyroxine

Answer :B
Discussion
4758.

Question : A man is haemophiliac. This indicates that he

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inherited the CONDITION from his father
is AFRAID of sight of blood
inherited the condition from his mother
is carrying PARASITE in his blood

Answer :C
Discussion
4759.

Question : A man has undergone surgical contraceptive method. Will he be able to participate in sexual act ? On which structure /part, surgical process is done ? Will he now be safe against sexually transmitted diseases ?

Answer»

SOLUTION :YES, man will be able to participate in SEXUAL act EVEN after he has undergone surgical contraceptive method. Vas deferens is surgically BLOCKED.
He will not be safe against sexually transmitted diseases unless he uses condom.
Discussion
4760.

Question : A man consumed curd or buttermilk after meal which help in the process of digestion. Milk is fermented into curd by Lactobacillus bacteria. Imagine a food chain and state the category of Lactobacillus and human.

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Solution :Lactobacillus - THIRD TROPHIC LEVEL `RARR` consumer / decomposer
Human- Fourth trophic level `rarr` consumer
Discussion
4761.

Question : A Malpighian tubule empties urine into the

Answer»

gut
coelom
lymph
ureters

Answer :A
Discussion
4762.

Question : A mammal excretes nitrogen in the form of

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ammonitum ions
amino acids
urea URIC acid
none of the above

Answer :C
Discussion
4763.

Question : A male moth finds a mate by means of her

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THYROXINE
ecdysone
brain hormone
pheromone

Answer :D
Discussion
4764.

Question : A male frog has well developed

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NUPTIAL pad
vocal SACS
DERMAL plicae
Both a and b

Answer :D
Discussion
4765.

Question : A lubricant, mucin, in saliva is made up of

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POLYUNSATURATED facts
actin and myosin
glycoproteins
phospholipids 

ANSWER :C
Discussion
4766.

Question : (a) List two reasons for the appearance of variations among the progeny formed by sexual (b) reproduction. (i) Name the part marked 'A' in the diagram. (ii) How does 'A' reaches part 'B'? (iii) State the importance of the part 'C'. (iv) What happens to the part marked ‘D’ after fertilization is over?

Answer»

Solution :(a) (i) Involvement of two DIFFERENT individuals.
(ii) CREATION of new combination of variants.
(b) (i) POLLEN/pollen grain.
(ii) by POLLINATION/agents of pollination.
(iii)It (pollen tube) helps male GAMETE to reach egg (ovule).
(iv) Converts into embryo.
Discussion
4767.

Question : (a) List two advantages of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction. (b) List two contraceptive methods and state two benefits of adopting these methods.

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Solution :(a) Sexual reproduction PROMOTES diversity of characters in the offsprings.
It results in new combination of genes.
(b) Two contraceptive methods are :
(i) Creating MECHANICAL barrier.
(ii) Using contraceptive pills.
Two BENEFITS of these methods are :
(i) Protection from sexually transmitted diseases.
(ii) SUFFICIENT gap between successive BIRTHS.
Discussion
4768.

Question : (i) List two distinguishing features between sexual and asexual types of reproduction. (ii) Explain why variations are observed in the offspring of sexually reproducing organisms?

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SOLUTION :
b] During sexual reproduction TWO different parent i.e. male and female take part as a result of which the newly formed zygote possess genetic material of both parents. It leads to interchange of genetic information between two gametes which is passed to the progeny and develops VARIATION.
C] SEXUALLY reproducing organisms have better chances of survival because more variations are generated which will have better resistance to face adverse environmental conditions.
Discussion
4769.

Question : a) List the physical properties of metals. b) Differentiate between roasting and calcination. Explain the two with the help of suitable chemical equations.

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Solution :PHYSICAL properties of metals are :
i) Metals are usually hard.
ii) They are Sonorous,
III) They are lustrus
iv) Metals exhibit malleability and ductility
v) They exhibit high tensil strength and have high densities:
Roasting :It is a process in which SULPHIDE ore is heated in the PRESENCE of oxygen to convert into oxide
`2Zns-3O to 2ZnO + 2SO_2`
Calcination : It is a process in which carbonate ore in heated in the absence of air of form oxides.
`ZnCO_(3(s)) overset("heat")to ZnO_((s)) + CO_2`
By REDUCTION process Zn can be extracted from its ore.
Reduction: `2ZnO+ C to ZnO + CO_2`
Discussion
4770.

Question : (a) List any three observations which determine that a chemical reaction has taken place . Also list three informations that cannot be obtained abouta chemical reaction, merely by its chemical equation. (b) Balance the following chemical equations. (i) Fe+H_(2)OrarrFe_(3)O_(4)+H_(2) (ii) CO_(2)+H_(2)O rarr C_(6)H_(12)O_(6)+O_(2)

Answer»

Solution :The THREE observations are
i) Change of colour
ii) Change of temperature
ii) Evolution of gas
The three information are i) Atmospheric conditions ii) catalyst inolved iii) Physical state of reactants and products Balancing equations
i) `3Fe+4H_(2)O to Fe_(3)O_(4) +4H_(2)`
ii) `6CO_(2) + 6H_(2)O to C_(6)H_(12)O_(6) + 6O_(2)`
OR
a) i) Oxidation : It is defined as PROCESS which involves gain of oxygen for example `2Mg(s) + O_(2)(g) to 2MgO(s)`
Magnesium oxygen Magnesiumoxide.
ii) Reduction: It is defind as the process which involves loss of oxygen for example `CuO_((s)) + H_(2)(g) to Cu(s) + H_(2)O(g)` Copper Hydrogen Copper Water
b)i) `2HNO_(3aq)+ Ca(OH)_(2aq) to Ca(NO_(3))_(2aq) + H_(2)O`
ii) `2NaOH_(AQ) + H_(2)SO_((4)(aq)) to Na_(2) SO_((4)(aq)) + 2H_(2)O(I)`
Discussion
4771.

Question : (a) Leaves of a healthy potted plant were coated with vaseline. Will this plants remain healthy for long ? Give reason for your answer. (b) What will happen to the rate of photosynthesis in a plant under the following circumstances ? (i) cloudy day in morning but bright sunshine in the afternoon (ii) no rainfall in the area for a considerable time (iii) gathering of dust on the leaves.

Answer»


Answer :(a) This plant will not remain healthy for long because vaseline coating closes the stomatal PORES on the leaves due to which (i) plant will not get oxygen for respiration (ii) plant will not get carbon dioxide for PHOTOSYNTHESIS, and (iii) plant will not get water (and MINERALS) due to stoppage of transpiration (b) (i) Decrease in morning but increases in the afternoon (ii) Decreases (iii) Decreases
Discussion
4772.

Question : A leading weekly magazine has recently published a survey analysis which says that number of AIDS patient in the country is increasing day by day. The report says that the awareness among the people about AIDS is still very poor. You are discussing the magazine report in your class and a team of your class decides to help people to fight against the dreadful disease. What problem you face when trying to educate the people in your village nearby your scholl ?

Answer»

Solution :(a) The main problem, we face, is as follows.
1. AIDS patients find it difficult to accept the news.
2. Many people are afraid of telling others because they feel ASHAMED or they are worried about being rejected.
3. The AIDS patients are REALLY DISCOURAGED with anxiety about their future.
(b) 1. Confirm the disease by Western Blot Analysis or ELISA.
2. Anti-retroviral DRUGS and immunostimulative therapy can prolong the life of the infected person.
3. Do not tell anyone about our FRIEND.s HIV.
4. Be there to talk with them.
5. Do things together that can reduce stress. Go for a walk. Do something that we enjoy with our AIDS patient friend.
6. Advice the patient friend to avoid activities that have bad health effects like smoking.
7. Patients with HIV/AIDS should not be isolated from the family and society.
Discussion
4773.

Question :(a) Label the parts of the Transverse section of a monocot stem. (b) Mention the differences between Dicot and Monocot stem.

Answer»

SOLUTION :
Discussion
4774.

Question : A ………………….is a future shoot and a ………………….is a future root in the structure of seed.

Answer»


ANSWER :PLUMULE, RADICLE
Discussion
4775.

Question : A' is a cylindrical that begins from the lower end of medulla and extend downwards.It is enclosed in bony cage'B'and covered by membranes 'C'.As many as 'D' pairs of nerves arise from the structure'A'(i)What is A? (ii)Name (a)bony cage 'B'and (b)membranes 'C'(iii)How mcuh is D?

Answer»

SOLUTION :Spinal CORD
(a) Cranium
(B) Duramater, Arachnoid MEMBRANE, Piamater
31 pairs of Spinal nerves
Discussion
4776.

Question : (a) In the human body what is the role of (i) seminal vesicles and (ii) prostate gland ? (b) List two functions performed by testes in human beings.

Answer»

Solution :(a) The role of seminal vesicles and the prostate gland are as follows:
(i) Seminal vesicles produce seminal plasma which in the form of fluid MAKES the transport of SPERMS smooth.
(ii) Prostate gland secretes prostatic fluid that keeps the sperms alive and helps them to swim VIGOROUSLY.
(b) In human beings, testes PERFORMS DUAL function :
(i) Production of sperms.
(ii) Secretion of male hormone testosterone.
Discussion
4777.

Question : (a)Identify the parts A-D(b)i.Name the layer where light is trapped.(ii)What determines the function of 'C' and how ?(c)Give reason why A is present where it is and not on D ?(d)How are leaves best adaptated to perform theirfunctions.

Answer»

Solution :(a)A - Waxy cuticle , B - CHLOROPLAST, C - Guard cell , D - Lower epidermis
(i)Since .B. - Chloroplasts are presentin Mesophyll, hencephotosynthesis occurs here only because light is TRAPPED here.
(ii).C. are guard cells and their functionis to regulate opening and closing of stomata. This is regulated by water. The guard cells stretchoutward thusopeing the stomata whentheytake up water from neighbouringcells and close them by giving up water.
(c) .A. iswaxycuticlewhich frflectsbackexcess light, thushelps in loweringthe temperatureon leaf surface as theupper epidermis is DIRECTLY exposed to sunlight. It is for this reason that it is not present on lower epidermis.
(d) Adaptations of leaves are :(i)Leaves are flattened ORGANS which provides more surface areafor maximu absorption of sunlight .
(ii)Theyare green because of large number of chloroplastspresent which have chlorophyll necessaryfor photosynthesis .
(iii)Stomata on lower epidermis help in exchange ofgases but also transpiration as not presenton upper epidermis.
(iv)Large number of veins for good conduction of water and also food.
Discussion
4778.

Question : a] Identify the given diagram. Name the parts A to E. b] What is contraception? List three advantages of adopting contraceptive measures.

Answer»

Solution :a] GIVEN diagram is of Human female reproductive SYSTEM
Names of parts A to E:
A] Fallopian tube (Oviduct) B] Ovary C] Uterus
D] Cervix E] Vagina
b] CONTRACEPTION: LT is an artificial method or other TECHNIQUES used to prevent pregnancy as a consequence of sexual intercourse.
Adopting the contraceptive measures helps in
i] Avoiding frequent and unwanted pregnancies.
ii] Controlling the size of family and improving the standard of living.
iii] Preventing sexually transmitted diseases.
iv] Maintaining adequate gap between two consecutive children.
Discussion
4779.

Question : (a) Identify the fossils A and B? (b) What type of fossils are these?

Answer»

SOLUTION :(i) AMMONITE, TRILOBITE
(II) INVERTEBRATE.
Discussion
4780.

Question : (a) Identify A, B, and D in the given diagram and write their names. (b) What is pollination? Explain its significance. (c) Explain the process of fertilization in flowers. Name the parts of the flower that develop after fertilization into (i) seed, (ii) fruit.

Answer»

Solution :(a) A-Stigma
B-POLLEN TUBE
C-Ovary
D-Female germ cell/Egg cell
(b) Pollination-Transfer of pollen grains from anther to the stigma of a flower.
Significance of pollination-Process of pollination leads to fertilization as it brings the male and female GAMETES together for fusion.
(c) After a pollen falls on a suitable stigma, the pollen tube grows out of the pollen grain and travels through the style to reach the ovule in the ovary.
Here the male germ cell (carried by the pollen tube) fuses with the female germ cell to FORM a zygote.
(i) Ovule
(ii) Ovary
Discussion
4781.

Question : A human hand, a front leg of a cat, a front flipper of a whale and a bat's wing look dissimilar and adapted for different functions. What is the name given to these organs ?

Answer»

SOLUTION :HOMOLOGOUS ORGANS.
Discussion
4782.

Question : a] How many pairs of chromosomes are present in human beings? Out of these, how many are sex-chromosomes? b] How many types of sex-chromosomes are found in human Beings?

Answer»

Solution :a] 23 pairs. Out of these, PAIR of chromosomes are sex chromosomes and the remaining 22 pairs are AUTOSOMES
b] TWO types.
Discussion
4783.

Question : (a) How does wind mill work? (b) List out the uses of wind energy and the advantages of wind energy.

Answer»

SOLUTION :(a) Wind mill is a machine, that converts the energy of wind, into rotational energy by BROAD blade attached to the rotating axis. When the blowing air strikes the blades of the wind mill, it exerts force and causes the blades to rotate. The rotational movement of the blades operate the generator and the electricity is produced. The energy output from each wind mill is COUPLED together to get electricity on a commercial scale.
(b) The uses of wind energy is as follows:
(i) Generating electricity.
(ii) Run WATER pumps and flour mills, etc.
(iii) Rotatory motion of wind mill is USED to draw water from wells.
Advantages of wind energy:
(i) Wind energy is free, eco-friendly and renewable source of energy.
(ii) It does not cause pollution.
(iii) Expenses on periodic maintenance is low, when compared to the other power sources.
Discussion
4784.

Question : (a) How does speciation take place? (b) Define the term gene. (c) The gene for red hair is recessive to the gene for black hair. What will be the hair colour of a child if he inherits a gene for red colour from his mother and a gene for black hair from his father? Express with the help of flow chart.

Answer»

Solution :(a) Speciation may take place by :
(i) Migration
(II) NATURAL SELECTION
(iii) MUTATION
(iv) Genetic Drift
(b) Segment of DNA which is functional and are made of nucleic acids and protein.
(c) Given,
Red hair-Mother-Recessive\bb
BLACK hair-Father-Dominant\BB

Thus, the child will have black hair.
Discussion
4785.

Question : How does the electronic configuration of an atom related to its position in the modern periodic table ?

Answer»

Solution :In the periodic table elements are PLACED acrording to their ATOMIC number. If an element has only one shell in its electronic configuration it is placed in the first period, if the element has two shells then it is placed in the sccond period and so on. Vertical column in the periodic tuble in group all the elements have same number or valence CLECTRON.
No. C1 35 and CI - 37 will be placed in same sior. The moderan periodie table is BASED on atomic numbers not atomic mass since, both CI-35 and Cl - 37 have same atomic numbers hence they are placed in same slot.
Discussion
4786.

Question :A. How does speciation take place? B. Define the term gene. C. The gene for red hair is recessive to the gene for black hair. What will be the hair colour of a child if he inherits a gene for red colour from his mother and a gene for black hair from his father? Express with the help of flow chart.

Answer»

SOLUTION :A. Speciation may take place by
(i) Migration (ii) Natural sclection
(iii) Mutation (IV) Genetic drift (Any TWO)
B. The segment of DNA which is FUNCTIONAL and is made of nucleic acids and protein is CALLED gene.
C. Given,
Mother has red hair which is recessive, i.e., bb
Father has black hair which is dominant, i.e., BB or Bb.
The inheritance pattern can be shown as follows:

Thus, the child will have black hair.
Discussion
4787.

Question : (a) How does carbon dioxide from the air enter the leaves of a plant to be used in photosynthesis ? (b) How does water from the soil reach the leaves of a plant to be used in photosynthesis ?

Answer»
Discussion
4788.

Question : (a) How do guard cells regulate opening and closing of stomatal pores ? (b) Two similar green plants are kept separately in oxygen free containers, one in dark and the other in continuous light. Which one will live longer ? Give reason.

Answer»


ANSWER :(b) PLANT KEPT in continuous light will live longer because it will be able to produce oxygen required for its RESPIRATION by the process of photosynthesis
Discussion
4789.

Question : (a) How do plants obtain food ? (b) Why do plants need nitrogen ? How do plants obtain nitrogen ?

Answer»
Discussion
4790.

Question : a)what ismeantby analagousorgans ? b)Definevariationin relationto a specieswhyis variationbeneficialto thespecies .

Answer»

Solution :(a) Evolutionary relationships can be traced by studying FOSSILS, by studying homologous and ANALOGOUS organs, by comparing the embryo or of different ANIMALS and by comparing the DNA.s ot dilterent species.
(b) Variation are difterences that occur between the organisms of same species in spite of the same basic features.
Variation in species PROMOTES survival of an organisin m the CHANGING environment by increasing the adaptability.
Discussion
4791.

Question : A highly poisonous chemical derived from tobacco is ____________.

Answer»

SOLUTION :NICOTINE
Discussion
4792.

Question : A high frequency sound will be detected by

Answer»

otoliths in the vestibule
HAIR cells in the semicircular canals
hair cells in the ORGAN of Corti
none of the above

Answer :C
Discussion
4793.

Question : A high concentration of synthetic auxin is generally used for

Answer»

weed control
PREVENTING the growth of the lateral BUDS
ENHANCING root initiation
CONTROLLING of cell enlargement

Answer :A
Discussion
4794.

Question : A heart murmur indicates a defective

Answer»

SINOATRIAL node
atrioventricular node
heart valve
pulmonary ARTERY or AORTA 

ANSWER :C
Discussion
4795.

Question : A group of students visited to a village. They noticed that village people uses dung cakes, agricultural wastes, etc. as a fuel. Students found smoke and ash particles in the environment. They requested the sarpanch to install a biogas plant and insist the people to collect the waste to produce biogas. State the two uses of biogas.

Answer»

Solution :TWO uses of BIOGAS : Cooking, LIGHTING
Discussion
4796.

Question : A group of students visited to a village. They noticed that village people uses dung cakes, agricultural wastes, etc. as a fuel. Students found smoke and ash particles in the environment. They requested the sarpanch to install a biogas plant and insist the people to collect the waste to produce biogas. What are the advantages of biogas plant ?

Answer»

Solution :BIOGAS PLANT is a safe and efficient METHOD for waste-disposal besides supplying ENERGY and manure.
Discussion
4797.

Question : A group of students visited to a village. They noticed that village people uses dung cakes, agricultural wastes, etc. as a fuel. Students found smoke and ash particles in the environment. They requested the sarpanch to install a biogas plant and insist the people to collect the waste to produce biogas. What is the use of slurry left behind ?

Answer»

SOLUTION :Slurry is USED as nitrogen and phosphorous RICH manure.
Discussion
4798.

Question : A group of plants produced from a single plant through vegetative or asexual reproduction are called a pureline.

Answer»

SOLUTION :Correct statement: A GROUP of plants PRODUCED from a single plant through VEGETATIVE or asexual reproduction are called CLONES
Discussion
4799.

Question : A group of plants produced from a single plant through vegetative or sexual reproduction is called ......

Answer»

TRANSGENIC
HEXAPLOID
CLONES
mutation

Solution :Hexaploid
Discussion
4800.

Question : A group of interconnected food chains is called a

Answer»

FOOD cycle
COMPLEX food chain
pyramid of ENERGY
food web

ANSWER :D
Discussion