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4851.

Question : a) Define evalution? Describe the contribution of landmark. b) How do homologous organs provide evidence in support of evolution ?

Answer»

Solution :a) Evalution is referred to as the changes acqired by a species or a certain population of a species gradully over a long period of time these changes should he heritable contribution of landmark According to the theory of inheritance of acquired characters or Lamarkism. put forward by lamark. The use and disuse or an organ leads to acquiring change in the feature of that organ these change are also inherited by the offsprings the favorable variations caused DUE to use and disue after a considerably long period of time result in evolution of a new species.
b) The presence of homologous organs indicates that all vertebrates have a common ANCESTRY. SIMILARLY all organs and system of the vertebrates show the fundamental similarities which point TOWARDS common ancestry.
Discussion
4852.

Question : a) Define 1 dioptre of power of a lens b) The refractive index of diamond is 2.42. What is the meaning of this statement. c) In which type of lens linear magnification is always less than one ?

Answer»

Solution :a) The SI unit of power of lens is dioptre which is denoted by the letter D. 1 Dioptre is defined as the power of a lens of FOCAL length 1 meter.
b) The refractive index of DIAMOND is 2.42 this means that the speed of light in diamond will reduce by a factor of 2.42 as compared to its speed in AIR. In other words the speed of light in diamond is 2.42 times LESS than the normal speed of light in vacuum.
c) Concave lens always has linear magnification less than one, because it always gives diminished images.
Discussion
4853.

Question : a) Define electric power express it in terms of potential difference V and resistance R. b) What is meant by saying that the potential difference between two points is 1V?

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SOLUTION :a) Electric power : it is the rate of doing WORK by an energy source or the rate at which the electrical energy is dissipated or consumed per unit TIME in the electric ciruit is called electric power.
so, `"Power P"= ("work done (W)")/("time(t)")`
`=("Electrical energy dissipated")/("Time(t)")=VI = V^(2)R`
B) If 1 I of work is reqired to MOVE a charge of amout IC from one point to another then it is said that the potential difference between the two points is1V.
Discussion
4854.

Question : A deficiency of vitamin A results in

Answer»

PERNICIOUS anaemia
short-sightedness
xerophthalmia
colour blindness

Answer :C
Discussion
4855.

Question : A decrease in level of oestrogen and progesterone causes

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LOSS of ENDOMETRIUM
GROWTH of DILATION of endometrium
release of OVA from ovaries
constriction of uterine blood vessels leading to sloughing of uterine epithelium

Answer :D
Discussion
4856.

Question : A cross was made between pure breeding pea plantone with round and green seeds and the other with wrinkled and yellow seeds. (i) Write the phenotype of F_(1) progeny. Give reason for your answer. (ii) Write the different types of F_(2) progeny obtained along with their ratio when F_(1) progeny was selfed.

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Solution :(i) The cross was made between round, green seeds and wrinkled, yellow seeds.
In the given cross, two traits were TAKEN into account, which is a dihybrid cross.
Yellow colour and round shape is dominant over green colour and wrinkled shape.

The above cross shows round and yellow seeds in the `F_(1)` generation. It occurs because dominant traits (round and yellow) express itself, whereas recessive traits (wrinkled and green) get suppresed.
(ii) On SELFING of `F_(1)` generation :

PHENOTYPIC ratio `-9:3:3:1`
Round yellow - 9`""`Round green - 3
Wrinkled yellow - 3 `""` Wrinkled green - 1
Discussion
4857.

Question : A cross was carricd out between a pure bred tall pea plant and a pure bred dwarf pea plant and F_(1) progeny was obtained. Later, the F_(1) progeny was selfed to obtain F_(2) progeny. Answer the following questions : (i) What is the phenotype of the F, progeny and why? (ii) Give the phenotypic ratio of the F_(2) progeny. (iii) Why is the F_(2) progeny different from the F_(1) progeny?

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Solution :(i) The phenotype of `F_(1)` progeny is Tt because `F_(1)`or hybrid plants were not intermediate between the two alternate forms of a character. They resembled only one parent. In a cross between tall and dwarf pea plants, the `F_(1)` plants were all tall.
(ii) The phenotypic ratio of `F_(2)`progeny is 3: 1.
(III) `F_(1)` progeny resembled only one parent which is dominant in nature but in `F_(2)` progeny phenotypically three plants are tall and one plant is dwarf. But ACCORDING to genotype ratio one plant is PURE tall, two are hybrid tall and one plant is pure dwarf.
Discussion
4858.

Question : A cross between a tall plant (TT) and short pea plant (tt) resulted in progeny that were all tall plants because

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SHORTNESS is the DOMINANT TRAIT.
tallness is the RECESSIVE trait.
shortness is the recessive trait.
height of pea PLANT is not governed by fact T and t.

Solution :All the progeny of this cross will have genotype Tt and a recessive trait cannot express itself in presence of dominant trait. A pea plant will be dwart only whern both the alleles are t.
Discussion
4859.

Question : A crocodile had just eaten a lamb when a hawk saw the crocodile, attacked it and consumed it. The hawk is in ecological terms

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a producer
a PRIMARY CONSUMER
a SECONDARY consumer
a TERTIARY consumer

Answer :D
Discussion
4860.

Question : A couple has two children-a boy and a girl. Both the parents have detached ear lobes while th children have attached ear lobes? a] How is this possible? b] Please write the genotypes of the mother, father, te boy and the girl . (Clue:attached earlobe is represented as e while the detached as E)

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SOLUTION : a) If both the parents were homozygous for detached ear lobe then all their offsprings should have only detached ear lobes. But we FIND that the children have attached EARLOBES (ee). This is possible only if both the parents are HYBRID (Ee) for the trait.
B] Genotypes of the:
Mother-Ee
Father-Ee
Son-ee
Daughter-ee
Discussion
4861.

Question : A concave lens has focal length of 20 cm. At what distance from the lens a 5 cm tall object be placed so that is forms an image at 15 cm from the lens ? Also calculate the size of the image formed . 4

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SOLUTION :f= - 20 cm , `h_(0)` = 5 cm , v = - 15 cm
Using. `(1)/(f) = (1)/(v) - (1)/(U)` , we GET
`(1)/(u) = (1)/(v) - (1)/(f) = (1)/(-15) - (1)/((-20))`
`(1)/(u) = (-20 + 15)/(300) = - (5)/(300)`
u = - 600 cm .
Since,m = `(h_(1))/(h_(0)) = (v)/(u)` , we get
h `= (v)/(u).h_(0) = ((-15))/((-60)) xx 5 `
`= (5)(4) = 1.25` cm
Discussion
4862.

Question : (a) {:("Column I","Column II"),(1."Fission",(a)"Spirogyra"),(2."Budding",(b)"Amoeba"),(3."Fragmentation",(c)"Yeast"):} (b) Match the following terms with their respective meanings: {:(1."Parturitioin",-,(a)"Duration between pregnancy and birth"),(2."Gestation",-,(b)"Attachment of zygote to endometrium"),(3."Ovulation",-,(c)"Delivery of baby from uterus"),(4."Implantation",-,(d)"Release of egg from Graafian follicle"):}

Answer»

Solution :1.(b) Amoeba 2.(c) 3.(a) Spirogyra
1.(c) Delivery of BABY from uterus 2.(a) DURATION between pregnancy and birth 3.(d) RELEASE of EGG from Graafian FOLLICLE 4.(b)Attachment of zygote to endometrium
Discussion
4863.

Question : A color blind person cannot distinguish

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RED and GREEN COLORS
Red and BROWN colors
Red and BLUE colors
Green and Blue colors

Answer :A
Discussion
4864.

Question : A colonial hydrozoan is

Answer»

aurelia
hydra
metridium
obelia 

ANSWER :D
Discussion
4865.

Question : A coil of insulated copper wire connected to a galvanometer. What will happen if a bar magnet is (i) pushed into the coil (ii) withdrawn from inside the coil (iii) held stationary inside the coil.

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SOLUTION : i) An electric current is induced in the coil and the galvanometer shows a deflection. ii) An electric current is induced in the coil but in OPPOSITE direction. The galvanometer shows a deflection but in reverse direction. III) No current is induced in the coil. The galvanometer shows no deflection.
Discussion
4866.

Question : A coelenterate commonly known as 'Fresh Water Polyp' is

Answer»

aurelia
hydra
obelia
physalia 

ANSWER :B
Discussion
4867.

Question : A clot of blood contains

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prothrombin
fibrinogen
fibrin
thrombin 

ANSWER :C
Discussion
4868.

Question :A clone is a group of individuals obtained through

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HYBRIDISATION
cross-pollination
self-pollination
micropropagation

Answer :D
Discussion
4869.

Question : (a) Cite the evidence on the basis of which it is concluded that birds have evolved from reptiles. (b) Insects, Octopus, Planaria and Vertebrates also possess eyes. Can these animals be grouped together on the basis of the eyes they possess. Why or why not? Give reason to justify your answer.

Answer»

Solution :(a) (i) Fossils showing imprints of feathers along with the bones in dinosaurs/reptiles FOUND.
(ii) They could not fly and presumably use the feathers for insulation.
(III) Later they developed/evolved and adapted feathers for flight.
(IV) THUS, they give evidence that birds have evolved from reptiles.
(b) No, the STRUCTURE of the eye in each of these different/they have separate organisms evolutionary origins.
Discussion
4870.

Question : A chromatid represents

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COMPLETE chromosome
ONE HALF of a chromosome
haploid number
a genome

Solution :N/A
Discussion
4871.

Question : A child breathes nearly

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13 TIMES a MINUTE
26 times a minute
52 times a minute
72 times a minute 

ANSWER :B
Discussion
4872.

Question : A cheap, conventional , commerical and inexhaustible source of energy is

Answer»

hydropower
SOLAR ENERGY
wind energy
thermal energy

Solution :solar energy
Discussion
4873.

Question : A change in the environment that causes an animnal to react is called_____

Answer»

SOLUTION :REACTIONS or RESPONSES
Discussion
4874.

Question : A change in DNA that is useful for one property to start with, can become useful later for a different function. Explain.

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Solution :A change/feature/property of an organism that may have helped it to adopt to an environmental condition can also become useful for a completely different FUNCTION in the future. For example: FEATHERS in birds, a character developed and SELECTED during natural selection because it provided INSULATION in cold weather have become useful in later stages for flight. Some DINOSAURS had feathers, but they could not fly. Birds later adapted the feathers to fly.
Discussion
4875.

Question : A cell will swell up if

Answer»

The CONCENTRATION of WATER molecules in the cell is higher than the concentration of water molecules in SURROUNDING medium
The concentration of water molecules in surrounding medium is higher than water molecules concentration in the cell
The concentration of water molecules is same in the cell and in the surrounding medium
Concentration of water molecules does not matter

Answer :B
Discussion
4876.

Question : A cell placed in a strong salt solution will shrink because

Answer»

mineral SALTS will break the cell wall
salt WATER will ENTER the cell
water COMES out by exosmosis
cytoplasm will decompose 

Answer :C
Discussion
4877.

Question : A cell is plasmolysed after being kept in a hypertonic solution. What will be present between cell wall and plasma lemma?

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HYPERTONIC SOLUTION
air
hypotonic solution
isotonic solution 

ANSWER :A
Discussion
4878.

Question : A cell divides to give rise to two cells. These two cells are similar but not identical. Explain.

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Solution :No bio-chemical reaction is absolutely reliable. Therefore, it is only to be expected that the process of copying the DNA will have some variations each time. As a result, the DNA copies generated will be similar, but may not be identical to the original. Some of these variations might be so drastic that the new DNA copy cannot work with the CELLULAR apparatus it inherits. Such a newborn CELL will simply die. On the other hand, there could still be many other variations in the DNA copies that would not lead to such a drastic outcome. Thus, the surviving CELLS are similar to, but subtly DIFFERENT from each other.
Discussion
4879.

Question : A cell adapted for waste storage and disposal would probably contain a large number of

Answer»

VACUOLES
mitochondria
ER
nuclei

Solution :N/A
Discussion
4880.

Question : A cardiologist observed an enlarged QR wave in the ECG of a patient. What does it indicate ?

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Solution :QRS WAVES denotes VENTRICULAR contraction of heart which MAY be NORMAL or abnormal.
Discussion
4881.

Question : (a) Can you consider cell division as a type or reproduction in unicellular organisms ? Give reason. (b) What is a clone ? Why do offsprings formed by asexual reproductionexhibit remarkable similarity ?

Answer»


SOLUTION :N//A
Discussion
4882.

Question : A breed is a group of animals of common rain within a series which has certain characters, that are not found in other members of the same species.

Answer»


ANSWER :1
Discussion
4883.

Question : A breeder wishes to incorporate desirable characters into the crop plants.Prepare a list of charaters he will incorporate.

Answer»

SOLUTION :Tallness and profuse BRANCHING are DESIRABLE CHARACTERS for fodder EROP.
Discussion
4884.

Question : A bone is distinguished from cartilage by the presence of

Answer»

collagen
lymph vessels
blood vessels
haversian canals

Answer :D
Discussion
4885.

Question : A bone left in dilute HCI for about three days will

Answer»

CRACK into pieces
become SOFT and elastic
dissolve completely
dissolve completely

Answer :B
Discussion
4886.

Question : A bolus is

Answer»

a mass of crushed food moistened with saliva
the semisolid MATERIAL resulting from partial digestion in the stomach
the MILKY emulsified FAT ABSORBED from small intestine
indigestible MATERIALS that helps in move ment and absorption 

Answer :A
Discussion
4887.

Question : A blue coloured flowering plant (BB) was crossed with white coloured flowering plant (bb). (i) What will be the colour of flowers in F_(1) generations ? (ii) What percentage of white flowered plants will be in F_(2) generation through self-pollination of F_(1) plants. Explain with diagram.

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Solution :(i) The colour of flowers in `F_(1)` GENERATION will be blue. (ii) The percentage of white flowers will be `25%`.
`{:("Diagram"),("ParentBlueWhite"),("(BB)(bb)"),("GametesB,B"),(F_(1)" GenerationBb"):}`
Discussion
4888.

Question : A blue colour flower plant denoted by BB is crossbred with a white colour flower plant denoted by ww. (i) State the colour of flower we would expect in their F_(1)progeny. (ii) Write the percentage of plants bearing white flower in F_(2) generation when the flowers of F_(1) plants were selfed. (iii) State the expected ratio of the genotype BB : Bw : ww in the F_(2) progeny.

Answer»

SOLUTION :(i) `F_(1)` generation yields only blue FLOWERING plants. (Bw).
(ii) On self-breeding the `F_(1)`generation plants, both blue flowered and white flowered plants APPEARED in the RATIO of 3:1. It shows that the factors or traits for blue flower are dominant over the traits for white flower.
(iii) GENOTYPES in `F_(2)`progeny is 1:2:1
Discussion
4889.

Question : A blood vessel which carries blood back to the heart is :

Answer»

artery
vein
capillary
platelet

Answer :B
Discussion
4890.

Question : A bird has a very thin pointed beak, can you think that this bird is

Answer»

HONEY SUCKING 
POLLEN eating
carnivore
seed EATER 

ANSWER :A
Discussion
4891.

Question : A bird building nest on a tree feeds upon the fishes in nearby pond. Wheather this bird is part of both i.e.tree as well as pond ecosystem?

Answer»

Solution :(i) YES, bird is a part of both tree as WELLAS pond ecosystem.
(II) It feeds upon the fish in the pond and also resides on the tree.
(iii) It might feed on fruits of the tree as well as insects DWELLING there.
Discussion
4892.

Question : A biologist discovers an algae that is marine, multicellular, lives in deep water, and has phycoerythrin. It possibly belongs to which group

Answer»

chlorophycea
xanthophycea
phaeophycea
rhodophycea 

ANSWER :D
Discussion
4893.

Question : A basket of vegetables contsinscarrot, pototo, radish and tomato.Which of themrepresent the correcthomologous structures?

Answer»

Carrot and potato
Carrot and tomato
RADISH and carrot
Radish and potato

Solution :Radish and carrot REPRESENT HOMOLOGOUS structures as they have the same structure (or BASIC design) though they are DIFFERENT species.
Discussion
4894.

Question : The following vegetables are kept in a basket: Potato, Tomato, Radish, Brinjal, Carrot, Bottle-gourd which two of these vegetables correctly reresent the homologous structure?

Answer»

CARROT and TOMATO
Carrot and tomato
Radish and Carrot
Radish and potato

Answer :C
Discussion
4895.

Question : A balanced diet has

Answer»

VEGETARIAN and non-vegetarian dishes
salty and SWEET dishes
carbohydrates, FATS and proteins
all NUTRIENTS, WATER and roughage

Answer :D
Discussion
4896.

Question :a) An object is kept between centre of curvature and principal focus of a concave mirror. Write the nature of the image formed. b) Define focal length of a convex mirror. Write the relationship between focal length and radius of curvature of a convex mirror.

Answer»

Solution :(a)
Real and inverted
(b) The distance between the pole and the PRINCIPAL focus of a convex mirror is called the focal length of a convex mirror.
The relationship between focal length and radius of curvature of a convex mirror.
The radius of curvature is FOUND to be equal to TWICE the focal length.
R=2f
This implies that the principal focus of a SPHERICAL mirror lies MIDWAY between the pole and centre of curvature.
Discussion
4897.

Question : a) A, B and C are 3 elements which undergo chemical reaction according to following equations a)A_2O_3 +2B to B_2O_3 + 2A b)3CSO_4 + 2B to B_2(SO_4)_3 + 3C c)3CO + 2Ato A_2 SO_3 + 3C Answer the following: i) Which element is most reactive? ii) Which element is least reactive? b) Why is ZnO called amphoteric oxide? Name another amphoteric oxide.

Answer»

Solution :a) i) Most reactive element is B as it has REPLACED both A and C from their compounds.
ii) Element C is least reactive as it has been replaced both by A and B
b) ZINC oxide (ZnO) is called amphoteric oxide as it behaves both as acidic oxide and basic oxide.
`underest("basic oxide")(ZnO) + UNDERSET("acid")(2HCL) to underset("zinc chloride")(ZnCl_2) + H_2O`
`underset("acidic oxide")(ZnO)+ underset("base")(2NaOH) to underset("sodium ZINCATE")(Na_2ZnO_2) + H_2O`
Alluminium oxide `(Al_2O_3)`is another amphoteric oxide.
Discussion
4898.

Question : 9:3:3:1 ratio is due to_____

Answer»

Segregation
Crossing over
Independent assortment
Recessiveness

Answer :C
Discussion
4899.

Question : 70% of individuals in a population of hydra show long tentacles whereas 10% of individuals in the same population show short tentacles. Which trait is likely to have arisen earlier?

Answer»

SOLUTION :LONG TENTACLES.
Discussion
4900.

Question : ""_(6)^(12C and ""_(6)^(14)Care two elements. Do both these elements get different positions in modern periodic table? Explain your answer. Identify the period and group to which they belong in the modern periodic table with suitable reason.

Answer»

Solution :No, `""_(6)^(12)C` and `""_(6)^(14)C`will be placed in same slot (POSITION). The MODERN periodic table is based on atomic number, not on atomic MASS. SINCE, both C-12 and C - 14 have some atomic number, hence they are placed in same slot.
Discussion