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InterviewSolution
This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 2101. |
Give the basic structure of 3 different types of amino acid |
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Answer» Amino acids is an organic molecule which consists amino group and carboxylic acid group at alternate positions attached with the central carbon atom.These are of three types:1.Acidic amino acid An amino acid which has more no. of carboxylic group then amino group in a molecule. eg. glutamic acid, Aspartic acid.2.Basic amino acids An amino acid which has more no. of amino group then carboxylic group in a molecule. eg. Arginine, histidine etc.3. Neutral amino acids An amino acid which has equal no. of amino and carboxylic group in a molecule. eg. cysteine, glycine etc. An\xa0amino acid\xa0is an organic molecule that is made up of a\xa0basic amino\xa0group (−NH2), an acidic carboxyl group (−COOH), and an organic R group (or side chain) that is unique to each\xa0amino acid.\xa0There are basically\xa0three\xa0major\xa0classifications\xa0for\xa0amino acids\xa0(1) those with nonpolar R group, (2) those with uncharged polar R\xa0groups, and (3) those with charged polar R group. The table below shows us all 20\xa0amino acids\xa0with their codes. |
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| 2102. |
Explain the mechanism of dikaryotisation |
| Answer» Basidiomycota are filamentous fungi composed of\xa0hyphae\xa0(except for basidiomycota-yeast; refer\xa0yeast\xa0for more information) and reproduce sexually via the formation of specialized club-shaped end\xa0cells\xa0called\xa0basidia\xa0that normally bear external\xa0meiospores(usually four). These specialized\xa0spores\xa0are called\xa0basidiospores. However, some Basidiomycota reproduce asexually in addition or exclusively. Basidiomycota that reproduce asexually (discussed below) can be recognized as members of this division by gross similarity to others, by the formation of a distinctive anatomical feature (the\xa0clamp connection\xa0- see below),\xa0cell wall\xa0components, and definitively by\xa0phylogeneticmolecular analysis of\xa0DNA sequence\xa0data. | |
| 2103. |
cystoskeleton |
| Answer» cytoskeleton ***** | |
| 2104. |
What is the importance of chromosomes replication during interphase? |
| Answer» Chromosome duplication\xa0is essential so that each daughter cell receives equal number of\xa0chromosomes\xa0from the parent cell. Hence, it is vital to generate an exact copy of the parent cell.\xa0The S phase of a cell cycle occurs\xa0during interphase, before mitosis or meiosis, and is responsible for the synthesis or\xa0replication\xa0of\xa0DNA.\xa0In\xa0this way, the genetic material of a cell is doubled before it enters mitosis or meiosis, allowing there to be enough\xa0DNA\xa0to be split into daughter cells. | |
| 2105. |
What is mean by plasmogamy |
| Answer» Plasmogamy can be defined as the fusion of protoplasms between two motile or non-motile gametes. | |
| 2106. |
What are 8 levels of taxanomy |
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Answer» KingdomDivision*/phylum*ClassOrderFamily GenusSpecies*Divsion is in animals, phylum in plants 1. Domain2. Kingdom3. Phylum4. Class5. Order6. Family7. Genus8.species |
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| 2107. |
Types of elements |
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Answer» Elements as a\xa0species of atoms that have the same number of protons in their atomic nuclei.The elements are arranged in the periodic table and are split depending upon their groups as either metallic or non-metallic. Metallic is further classified into Main Group Metals, Transition Metals, and f-block metals. These are again further divided, depending upon their properties. There are three types of elements : metal , non metal and metalloid |
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| 2108. |
Explain the process of female reproductive system of cockroaches |
| Answer» Cockroach belongs to phylum Arthropoda. The body of cockroach has three segments known as head, thorax and abdomen. The female reproductive system of cockroach consists of two large ovaries. The ovaries lie laterally in the 12 th and 13 th segments. Each ovary is formed of a group of eight ovarian tubules or ovarioles. They contain a chain of developing ova. Oviducts from each ovary unite into a single median oviduct. | |
| 2109. |
Significance of vital capacity |
| Answer» The\xa0vital capacity\xa0is the total volume of air that can be expired after a maximum inhalation or maximum air that a person can breathe in after forced expiration. It is an important measure of a person\'s respiratory health. | |
| 2110. |
Is there any chance to revive both the kidneys in case to form a pus in the kidneys? |
| Answer» Renal\xa0abscess is\xa0treated\xa0with antibiotics given through the blood by IV (“intravenously”) and/or by draining the\xa0pus\xa0from the abscess. The draining can be done with surgery or by putting a tube (“catheter”) through a needle in the skin over the\xa0kidney\xa0(“percutaneous drainage”).\xa0If\xa0your\xa0kidneys stop working\xa0completely, your body fills with extra water and waste products. This condition is called uremia. Your hands or feet may swell. You will feel tired and weak because your body needs clean blood to\xa0function properly. | |
| 2111. |
At which State of meiosis crossing over of genetic material takes place? |
| Answer» Crossing over occurs between\xa0prophase\xa0I and\xa0metaphase\xa0I and is the process where two homologous non-sister chromatids pair up with each other and exchange different segments of genetic material to form two recombinant\xa0chromosome\xa0sister chromatids.\xa0Crossing over (recombination) occurs during\xa0pachytene. Recombination involves mutual exchange of the corresponding segments of non-sister chromatids of homologous\xa0chromosomes\xa0and produces variations. It takes place by breakage and reunion of chromatid segments. | |
| 2112. |
At which State of meiosis crossing over of genetic material takes place |
| Answer» Crossing over occurs between\xa0prophase\xa0I and\xa0metaphase\xa0I and is the process where two homologous non-sister chromatids pair up with each other and exchange different segments of genetic material to form two recombinant\xa0chromosome\xa0sister chromatids.\xa0Crossing over (recombination) occurs during\xa0pachytene. Recombination involves mutual exchange of the corresponding segments of non-sister chromatids of homologous\xa0chromosomes\xa0and produces variations. It takes place by breakage and reunion of chromatid segments. | |
| 2113. |
What are enzyme? What are enzyme activities? |
| Answer» Enzymes can be defined as biological polymers that catalyze biochemical reactions.Enzymes are a linear chain of amino acids, which give rise to a three-dimensional structure. The sequence of amino acids specifies the structure, which in turn identifies the catalytic activity of the enzyme. Upon heating, enzyme’s structure denatures, resulting in a loss of enzyme activity, that typically is associated with temperature. | |
| 2114. |
Define about phases G1, G2 ,G0 ,M phase.... |
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Answer» Hey thnq \tG1\xa0phase (Gap 1)\xa0– G1\xa0phase is the phase of the cell between mitosis and initiation of replication of the genetic material of the cell. During this phase, the cell is metabolically active and continues to grow without replicating its DNA.\tS phase (Synthesis)\xa0– DNA replication takes place during this phase. If the initial quantity of DNA in the cell is denoted as\xa02N, then after replication it becomes\xa04N. However the number of chromosomes does not vary, viz.,\xa0if the number of chromosomes during G1\xa0phase was\xa02n, it will remain\xa02n\xa0at the end of S phase. The centriole also divides into two centriole pairs in the cells which contain centriole.\tG2\xad phase (Gap 2)\xa0–During this phase, the RNA, proteins, other macromolecules required for multiplication of cell organelles, spindle formation, and cell growth are produced as the\xa0cell\xa0prepares to go into the mitotic phase.\t\tM phase\tThis is the\xa0mitotic phase\xa0or the phase of the\xa0equational division\xa0as the cell undergoes a complete reorganization to give birth to a progeny that has the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. The other organelles are also divided equally by the process of cytokinesis which is preceded by mitotic nuclear division. The mitotic phase is divided into four overlapping stages:-\t\tProphase,\tMetaphase,\tAnaphase, and\tTelophase |
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| 2115. |
Define active and passive transport... |
| Answer» \xa0Active transport\xa0is the movement of molecules across a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration against the concentration gradient, often assisted by enzymes and requires energy\xa0\xa0Passive transport\xa0is the movement of ions and molecules across the cell membrane without requiring energy.\xa0 | |
| 2116. |
Define fluid mosaic model? Please answer fast.... |
| Answer» The fluid mosaic model was proposed by S.J. Singer and Garth L. Nicolson. This model explains the structure of the plasma membrane of animal cells as a mosaic of components such as phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, and carbohydrates. These components give a fluid character to the membranes.Each phospholipid has a hydrophilic head pointing outside and a hydrophobic tail forming the inside of the bilayer.Cholesterol and proteins are embedded in the bilayer that gives the membrane a mosaic look. Each component has a specific function to perform. | |
| 2117. |
What are Inclusion bodies? |
| Answer» Inclusion bodies are the non-living structures present in cytoplasm not bounded by, the membrane system. They may either lie free in cytoplasm or may be covered by 2-4 nm-thick, non-protein membrane, e.g., Vacuoles, sulphur granules, etc. | |
| 2118. |
Why it is important to classify organism in to taxnomical categories |
| Answer» These classifications have a number of advantages. Following are the advantages of classifying organisms:\tIt makes us aware of and gives us information regarding the diversity of plants and animals.\tIt makes the study of different kinds of organisms much easier.\tIt tells us about the inter-relationship among the various organisms.\tIt helps to understand the evolution of organisms.\tIt helps environmentalists to develop new methods of conservation of plants and animals. | |
| 2119. |
Explain the utility of systematic and mention the characteristics of new systematics |
| Answer» Systematics is the science which deals with the diversity of organisms and their comparative and evolutionary relationships based on comparative anatomy, comparative biochemistry and physiology.Systematics helps in1. Providing knowledge about the evolutionary tree of life2. Identification of new organisms | |
| 2120. |
What is cytoplasm ?? Hii how are you all |
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Answer» Cytoplasm: It is a fluid that fills the cell and occurs between the plasma membrane and the nucleus. Cell organelles such as mitochondria, ribosomes, Golgi bodies, etc. are suspended in the cytoplasm. The cytoplasm helps in the exchange of materials between cell organelles. Cytoplasm is a fluid contains many parts in the cell |
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| 2121. |
Describe the hormonal feedback circuit in controlling the renal functions |
| Answer» Regulation of kidney function by feedback circuits: There are 2 main feedback circuit systems in the vertebrate kidneys : (i) Control by ADH and (ii) Control by JGA.Moreover there is one extra system called ANF or atrial natriuretic factor.(a) Control by ADH : (i) The antidiuretic hormone is secreted in the hypothalamus and released into blood by. pituitary part called neurohypophysis. It increases fluid retention by making kidney to reabsorb more water, (ii) Osmoreceptors of hypothalamus detect the osmolarity above 300 mosm L_1. The thrust is produced, (iii) Drinking of water reduces osmolarity of blood, (iv) The secretion of ADH is decreased and the circuit is completed.(b) Control by JGA : (i) RAAS is operated by juxta glomerular apparatus, (ii) It responds to decrease in blood volume in afferent renal arterioles, (iii) The renin converts angiotensinogen I into angiotensin II which increases blood pressure and causes the arteries to constrict, (iv) In DCT and PCT there is more absorption of NaCl and water, (v) The feedback circuit is completed when the blood pressure is increased and it is supported by release of rennin.© Control by ANF : (i) This hormone opposses the regulation of kidney7s function by RAAS. (ii) ANF is released from the walls of atria of heart response to increase in blood volume or blood pressure(iii) ANF decreases the release of renin from JGA. So NaCl reabsorption is inhibited by CT. (iv) It reduces the release of aldosterone from adrenal. Therefore ANF, ADH and RAAS provide a system of check and balance which regulate and control body fluid osmolarity, salt concentration and blood volume or blood pressure. | |
| 2122. |
Types of gland |
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Answer» 3 types exocrine,endocrine,mixed glands Glands\xa0are important organs, you have a variety of them all over your body, and though many of them are small, each produces something important. Some\xa0glands\xa0make something that is released from the body — like saliva, sweat, or tears. Glands are important organs located throughout the body. They produce and release substances that perform certain functions. Though you have many glands throughout your body, they fall into\xa0two types: endocrine and exocrine. |
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| 2123. |
22 chapter |
| Answer» | |
| 2124. |
What is Sarcodines? |
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Answer» Thank you ??? Sarcodina, the largest phylum (11,500 living species and 33,000 fossil species) of protozoans ). It comprises the amebas and related organisms; which\xa0are\xa0all solitary cells that move and capture food by means of pseudopods, flowing temporary extensions of the cell. Most sarcodines\xa0are\xa0free living; others\xa0are\xa0parasitic. Sarcodines protozoans are called Sarcodina and they\xa0move\xa0with pseudopodia. They are amoebas and are a blob of protoplasm formed in a single cell. By flowing their protoplasm forward into a "foot" then bringing the rest of their body into the foot, they can slither along. |
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| 2125. |
Table of the type of animal tissue |
| Answer» There are four types of\xa0tissues\xa0found in\xa0animals: epithelial\xa0tissue, connective\xa0tissue, muscle\xa0tissue, and nervous\xa0tissue.The four basic types of animal tissue are:\tEpithelial tissue\xa0is made up of layers of tightly packed cells that line the surfaces of the body for protection, secretion, and absorption. Examples of epithelial tissue include the skin, the lining of the mouth and nose, and the lining of the digestive system.\tMuscle tissue\xa0is made up of cells contain contractile filaments that move past each other and change the size of the cell. There are three types of muscle tissue: smooth muscle\xa0which is found in the inner linings of organs; skeletal muscle, which is attached to bone and moves the body; and cardiac muscle which is found only in the heart.\tNervous tissue\xa0is made up of the nerve cells (neurons) that together form the nervous system, including the brain and spinal cord.\tConnective tissue\xa0is made up of many different types of cells that are all involved in structure and support of the body. Bone, blood, fat, and cartilage are all connective tissues. Connective tissue can be densely packed together, as bone cells are, or loosely packed, as adipose tissue (fat cells) are. | |
| 2126. |
Discuss sexual reproduction in Fungi..Answer fast |
| Answer» Sexual reproduction\xa0in the\xa0fungi\xa0consists of three sequential stages: plasmogamy, karyogamy, and meiosis. The diploid chromosomes are pulled apart into two daughter cells, each containing a single set of chromosomes (a haploid state). ... In most\xa0fungi\xa0the zygote is the only cell in the entire life cycle that is diploid.\xa0Sexual reproduction\xa0also occurs in virtually all\xa0fungi. This involves mating between two haploid hyphae. During mating, two haploid parent cells fuse, forming a diploid spore called a zygospore. The zygospore\xa0is\xa0genetically different from the parents. | |
| 2127. |
Differentiate between diversity and biodiversity. |
| Answer» Diversity is the general term which means state of being diverse or different.Biodiversity is a biological term which means or refers to the different variety of living organisms in the biosphere. | |
| 2128. |
Explain the life cycle of fern |
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Answer» Thank u Yogita n Krishna ?☺ The\xa0life cycle\xa0of the\xa0fern\xa0has two different stages; sporophyte, which releases spores, and gametophyte, which releases gametes. Gametophyte plants are haploid, sporophyte plants diploid. This type of\xa0life cycle\xa0is called alternation of generations. The life cycle of the fern has two different stages; sporophyte, which releases spores, and gametophyte, which releases gametes. Gametophyte plants are haploid, sporophyte plants diploid. This type of life cycle is called alternation of generations. |
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| 2129. |
What is the best way to make notes..?? |
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Answer» Types of gland Main point, bullet point and diagram/charts for remembering during exams Listening.. Capturing...Analysiing.. Exporting... |
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| 2130. |
What is the special characteristics of birth which allows them fly? |
| Answer» Birds are important\xa0members of many ecosystems. They play a vital role in controlling pests, acting as pollinators, and maintaining island ecology. In addition,\xa0birds are important\xa0to humans in many ways, such as serving as a source of food and providing fertilizer in agricultural settings. Birds have\xa0feathers\xa0that help them fly. The long flight\xa0feathers\xa0on the wings and\xa0tail\xa0help birds\xa0balance\xa0and steer. In addition, birds have a system of air sacs in their body that connect to the lungs. The air sacs enable birds to extract much more oxygen from each breath of air than other animals can. | |
| 2131. |
Can anybody give me the notes of whole biology |
| Answer» Yaaa I have the notes | |
| 2132. |
1.\tWhat is the Renin-Angiotensin System? What do you mean by GFR?\t(3 |
| Answer» Glomerular filtration rate\xa0(GFR) is a test used to check how well the kidneys\xa0are\xa0working. Specifically, it estimates how much blood passes through the glomeruli each minute. Glomeruli\xa0are\xa0the tiny filters in the kidneys that filter waste from the blood. Angiotensin\xa0II constricts efferent arterioles, which forces blood to build up in the glomerulus, increasing glomerular pressure. The\xa0glomerular filtration rate\xa0(GFR) is thus maintained, and blood filtration can continue despite lowered overall kidney blood flow. | |
| 2133. |
What is Archegonia |
| Answer» The egg-producing organ occurring in bryophytes (such as mosses and liverworts), ferns, and most gymnosperms. The\xa0archegonium\xa0is a multicellular, often flask-shaped structure that contains a single egg. Compare antheridium.\xa0Many seeds\xa0have\xa0a cellular megagametophyte with two\xa0archegonia, each showing evidence of a multicellular\xa0embryo, and confirm the existence of polyembryony\xa0 | |
| 2134. |
What is phycomaeceae |
| Answer» Phycomaeceae is a large and probably unnatural group of fungi | |
| 2135. |
Which cells in our body do not divide |
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Answer» Heart cells neuron cells etc Stem cells Gonadic cells are not divide Neurons, fat cells, skeletal and cardiac muscle cells, mature bone cells, retinal receptor cells, and most mature blood cells are the cells of human body which do not divide Once being differentiated, nerve cells do not divide as they lack mitotic activity.lack mitotic activity indicates that they do not have centrosome. |
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| 2136. |
How are the condensed chromosomes obtained for the study of their morphology? |
| Answer» Chromosome\xa0are composed of thin chromatin threads called chromatin fibers. Each species has a definite\xa0chromosome\xa0number, represented by 2n. Somatic cells contains two copies of each\xa0chromosomes, which are identical in\xa0morphology, gene content and gene order and they are known as homologous\xa0chromosomes. | |
| 2137. |
What is the most suitable time to determine the number of chromosomes and study their morphology? |
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Answer» During the metaphase it is possible to study the morphology of chromosomes Metaphase Chromosomes\xa0are the rod-shaped ,filamentous bodies present in the nucleus, which become visible during cell division. \uf0fc They are carriers of the gene or unit of heredity.\xa0There are four main\xa0types of chromosomes: metacentric, submetacentric, acrocentric, and telocentric.\xa0Chromosomes\xa0are found within the nucleus of most living cells and consist of DNA that is tightly wound into thread-like structures. |
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| 2138. |
What is vegetative character |
| Answer» Vegetative characters – roots, stem and leaves and then floral characters inflorescence and flower parts.\xa0 | |
| 2139. |
What is plasmids |
| Answer» A plasmid is usually a circular (sometimes linear) piece of double-stranded DNA found in bacteria that is different from bacterium’s chromosome. It carries non-essential genes that can augment a bacterium’s ability to survive in certain circumstances.For example, plasmids carry genes that enable a bacterium to metabolise a certain type of nutrient otherwise it cannot enable to conjugate. Plasmids are used for a vast variety of experiments from expressing human genes in bacterial cells to DNA sequencing. | |
| 2140. |
Why are living organisms clasdified |
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Answer» It is because there are several organism exist so it is not possible to identify easily them the classification help us to identify the taxonomic hierarchy by this we came to know the characteristics features of various animals. Living organisms classified because there are several types of organisms based on different characteristics where it is difficult for us to study each organisms separatly so living organisms classified in to different kingdoms based on their similarities for easy to understanding |
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| 2141. |
Plasmolysis in a plant is defined as |
| Answer» Plasmolysis is the process in which cells lose water in a hypertonic solution | |
| 2142. |
What is diploid somatic cells? |
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Answer» Somatic cells are diploid meaning that they contain two sets of chromosomes, one inherited from each parents. Mutations in somatic cells can affect the individual, but they are not on to offspring, then they have sporophytic phase A somatic cell is any cell of the body except sperm and egg cells. Somatic cells are diploid, meaning that they contain two sets of chromosomes, one inherited from each parent. Mutations in somatic cells can affect the individual, but they are not passed on to offspring. Tnq Somatic cells are diploid meaning that they contain two sets of chromosomes, one inherited from each parents. Mutations in somatic cells can affect the individual, but they are not on to offspring |
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| 2143. |
What is diploid somatic cells? ? |
| Answer» A somatic cell is any cell of the body except sperm and egg cells. Somatic cells are diploid, meaning that they contain two sets of chromosomes, one inherited from each parent. Mutations in somatic cells can affect the individual, but they are not passed on to offspring. | |
| 2144. |
Which organelle in our body that helps to produce proteins |
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Answer» Ribosomes are important for\xa0protein production. Together with a structure known as messenger RNA (a type of nucleic acid) ribosomes form a structure known as a polyribosome which is important in\xa0protein\xa0synthesis. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a large network of membranes responsible for the production of proteins. |
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| 2145. |
From now I never ask any doubts in this app. |
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Answer» 234.6666 Hi Y Y? |
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| 2146. |
Hart ke kitne part hote hai |
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Answer» 4 chamber With name 4 4 part |
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| 2147. |
What is Cybercrime |
| Answer» Any offenses committed against individuals or groups of individuals to harm the reputation or cause physical or mental trauma through electronic means can be defined as Cybercrime. Electronic means can include but are not limited to, the use of\xa0modern telecommunication networks such as the Internet (networks including chat rooms, emails, notice boards and groups) and mobile phones (Bluetooth/SMS/MMS). | |
| 2148. |
Name the longest plant that are exist on the earth. |
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Answer» Sequoia sempervirens, redwood tree Giant sequoia (250 height) |
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| 2149. |
Which have cell wall in reproductive phase but absent in vegetative phase |
| Answer» The rigid layers of\xa0fungal cell walls contain\xa0complex polysaccharides called chitin and glucans. Chitin, also found in the exoskeleton of insects, gives structural strength to the\xa0cell walls\xa0of\xa0fungi. The\xa0wall\xa0protects the\xa0cell\xa0from desiccation and predators. ... Most members of the kingdom\xa0Fungi\xa0are nonmotile.\xa0Examples of bacteria\xa0that\xa0lack a\xa0cell wall are\xa0Mycoplasma and L-form bacteria. Mycoplasma\xa0is\xa0an important cause of disease in animals and\xa0is not affected\xa0by antibiotic treatments\xa0that\xa0target\xa0cell wall\xa0synthesis. Mycoplasma acquire cholesterol from the environment and form sterols to build their cytoplasmic\xa0membrane. | |
| 2150. |
Pls tell me?what is the nature of cell walls in diatoms? ??? |
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Answer» ???????? ????????? ??????????? |
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