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This is because theupper surfaceof a leafis more exposed to the sun as compared to thelower surface. Hence, to trap maximum sunlight, there is more chlorophyll on theupper surface as compared to thelower surface. Transpiration is the loss of water from leaves, stems, etc. in the form of water vapor.

Plants are living organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae. They include familiar organisms such as trees, herbs, bushes, grasses, vines, ferns, mosses, and greenalgae.

Becuase they could go at both ends.Their exact position can't really be pinpointed, sincethey could go in at any point.

The decomposer would supply nourishment to, say, grass. Then that grass would be eaten by a rabbit or some herbivore/omnivore, which might get eaten by a carnivore. But when the carnivore dies, the decomposer would come back into the equation and break down the carnivore, thus giving to the grass or other vegetation, creating a loop. Also, the decomposer could come in at any point should any other link die; the decomposer would just break it down again.In conclusion, the decomposer breaks down ANY dead things, whether producer or any level consumer. It can also give nourishment to plants, so it can go in anywhere. It's simpler not to include a decomposer.

We observe exit of water from the cell because the cell shrink in size followed by the separation of protoplast from cell wall due to exosmosis. This is called plasmolysis

Acetic acid (vinegar) is the primary ingredientused in picklemanufacturing.

Ans :- The space in the center of the eyeball is filled with a clear jelly-like material called thevitreoushumor. This material allows light to pass through to the retina. It also helps the eye keep itsroundshape.

Cell walls isthe plant part which provides resistance to microbes to withstand hypotonic external media without bursting

(i) The predatory birds will pick up the green coloured grasshoppers as these will be visible against a pale yellow background of dry bushes and dry grass.(ii) The population of brown grasshoppers will increase as they have camouflaged the background due to which the predators will not be able distinguish them from the background and thus brown grasshoppers will survive.(iii) This phenomenon is known as directional natural selection.

The oil was poured to prevent the presence of bacteria because oil is not a suitable environment for the survival of bacteria and the pickle will last long.

Answer:-Crossbreeding method is commonly used for improving cattle breeds.Crossbreeding between two good varieties of cattle will produce a new improved variety

Archaeopteryx.Archaeopteryxis a Jurassic fossil bird that shares both bird and reptile features; it is widely accepted as the earliest and most primitive known bird

FLOCCULATION is the process in which alum is added to water to purify it.

The root hair cell is found in a plant cell, just behind the root tip where they are continually being formed.

It is found inside the roots of a plant.

The function ofroot hair cellsis to collect water and mineral nutrients that soil contains

in the maturation region of root

climatic changes.

Sir Joseph John Thomson OM PRS was an English physicist and Nobel Laureate in Physics, credited with the discovery and identification of the electron; and with the discovery of the first subatomic particle

Ans :- Thedigestive systemconsists of the alimentary canal anddigestiveglands. The alimentary canal ofcockroachis divided into foregut, midgut, and hindgut. The mouth opens into a short tubular pharynx, leading to a narrow tubular passage, the oesophagus.

tropic movement is a type of plant movement in which it is moved towards stimuli it can be to the direction of stimuli or away from stimuli.its types are1)phototropism-movement towards light eg. sunflower

2)hydrotropism3)thigmotropism4)chemotropism

hydro topic movement ex roots are attracted towards water

Ans :- The different means by which infectious diseases spread are: (a) Through air: They are also called air-borne diseases. The air carries bacteria, virus and the diseases that can be caused are: common cold, influenza, tuberculosis etc. Example, fungal infections, skin diseases, scabies etc.

Hygiene plays an important role in the life of an organism some children fall ill frequently because they may be living in unhygienic localities whereas others stay healthy due to their hygienic locality and surroundings.

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Ribosome is a minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells. They bind messenger RNA and transfer RNA to synthesize polypeptides and proteins.

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Golgi apparatus plays the important role of packaging various substances for further use or for storage. If there was no Golgi apparatus, various substances would not be in a position to be transformed in proper forms for further use. Certain substances; like protein and lipid are important for the formation of plasma membrane and hence absence of Golgi apparatus will hamper the formation of new cells during cell division.

If golgi complex is absent then tissue will never exist since golgi helps in packing of protein and lipids

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Ribosomes secretes enzyme

Adiantum, the walking fern or maidenhair fern, is a genus of about 250 species of ferns in the Vittarioideae subfamily of the family Pteridaceae, though some researchers place it in its own family, Adiantaceae.

Hydra shows the alternation of generation.

Hydra is the correct answer

option c)Hydra is correct answer

hydra c option is correct

Hydra is the correct answer

A) When RBC is kept in saline solution, it will shrink. As the concentration of saline solution is higher than the concentration inside the cell. Thus, water will move outside the cytoplasm and the cell will shrink.B) i. Roots of plant contain leucoplast which are colourless plastids and act as storage of food. ii. Leaves of plant contain green coloured chlorophyll for photosynthesis iii. Flowers and fruits contain multicoloured chromoplast to attract pollinators.

Taxonomic Hierarchy Categories were also introduced by Linnaeus. They are also known as Linnaean hierarchy. It is defined as sequence ofcategoriesin a decreasing or increasing order from kingdom to species and vice versa. Kingdom is the highest rank followed by division, class, order, family, genus and species.

In the members of Adiantum species, new plantlets arise from wherever the arching leaves of the parent body touch the ground. This creates a walking effect.

option 3

Chloroplasts mature into pigment producing chromoplasts in thetomatofruit. Chromoplasts of deepredcoloured fruits contain lycopene crystals within the lumina (inner space) of membrane sacs which are derived from the inner envelope membrane as the chloroplast matured during the ripening process.

A typical example of this type is found in the common pea (Pisum sativum) . On carefully opening a mature green pod along the dorsal suture the placental tissue is seen to spread along the ventral suture and the roundish seeds are seen arranged in two rows along the length of the pod.

Seed coat Cotyledons are the food store from which nutrition is derived

Grafting is a process in which parts of two different plants known as stock and scion are joined together to form a new plant. Here stock is mostly root and placed on lower side and scion can be stem, leave or flower and placed above the stock. After placing them together both are fixed using rope or cloth so that they can give rise to a new plant.

This method is mostly used to overcome some drawbacks of both the varieties that are used. For example if we have two varieties of same species, one (variety A)is able to produce sweet fruits with less juice while other (variety B)produce fruits with less sweetness but more juice. This means that variety A has good transport system but weak absorption power of roots whereas variety B has good absorption power of roots but weak transport system. If we take stock from variety B and scion from variety A and join them than we will get a plant that have sweet and juicy fruits.

This example shows that grafting can be used to obtain a superior plant from two different plants.

Monocots does not have the vascular cambium which is mainly responsible in thw grafting process. grafting is only carried out in dicots and gymnosperms

grafting is known as stocj

c cutting this is answer

Cellmembrane is theoutermost layerfound in theanimal cell. TheCellMembrane. Thecellmembrane is found in both plant andanimal cells. It is theoutermost layerin theanimal celland is found just inside thecellwall in the plantcell

A ball and socket joint is a type of synovial joint, such as the hip and shoulder joints. In this type of joint, one bone has a smooth, ball-shaped head that fits into a cuplike socket on the other end. The ball and joint sockets contain a cup-like bone socket that holds a rounded ball-shaped bone.

the joint which move in 180 degree is called ball and socket joint

A ball and socket joint is a type of synovial joint, such as the hip and shoulder joints. In this type of joint, one bone has a smooth, ball-shaped head that fits into a cuplike socket on the other end.

Ans :- Characteristicsis related tofirms' investment and physical assets. This set includes return factors based on investment-to-assets ratios (IA), asset growth (AG), ac- cruals (AC), abnormal investment (AI), net operating assets (NOA), investment over capital (IK), and investment growth (IG).

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Theroseis a type of flowering shrub. Its name comes from the Latin word Rosa. Theflowersof therosegrow in many different colors, from the well-known redroseor yellow roses and sometimes white or purple roses. Roses belong to the family of plants called Rosaceae.

Changes that will take place in food (roti and dal) through the passage of alimentary canal are(i)The food substances are first masticated by the teeth in the mouth, where carbohydrate part of the food is digested by the action of salivary amylase enzyme secreted by the salivary glands.(ii)This partially digested food reaches the stomach, where it receive acidic HCl and mainly the . protein part of the food is digested by the action of proteolytic enzymes.(Hi) The lipid part of the food is digested by the bile secreted by the gall bladder.(iv)In the small intestine, particularly in the duodenum this semidigested food is finally digested by the digestive enzymes present in the intestinal and pancreatic juices.(u) After digestion, the broken down products of food, i.e., amino acids, glycerol, starch, etc., are obsorbed mainly in the small intestine.(vi)The undigested remains of food will finally pass through the anus.

Three main types ofendosperm developmentinflowering plantsare: (i) Nuclear type (ii) Cellular type and (iii) Helobialtype! The formation of endosperm is initiated bymitoticdivisions of the primaryendosperm nucleus(3N). The formation of endosperm occurs usually prior to thezygotic division.

Thegenetic codeconsists of 64 triplets of nucleotides. These triplets are called codons.With three exceptions, each codon encodes for one of the 20 amino acids used in the synthesis of proteins.

Mix 75ml of purified water with the glycerin in a tared vessel, heat to boiling, discontinue application of heat, add thetragacanthand the benzoic acid and macerate during 24 hours, stirring occasionally. Add sufficient quantity of purified water to make themucilageweigh 100g.