3593 + Interview Questions in BIOMOLECULES IN GENERAL AWARENESS Page 45 InterviewSolution

2201.	Classify the following into monosaccharides and disaccharides.Ribose, 2-deoxyribose, maltose, galactose, fructose and lactose.
Answer» Monosaccharides – Ribose, 2- deoxyribose, galactose and fructose. Disaccharides – Maltose and lactose

Discussion

2202.	Why cannot vitamin C be stored in our body?
Answer» Vitamin ‘C’ is a water soluble vitamin and they are readily excreted in urine and cannot be stored in our body.

Discussion

2203.	Classify the following into monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharldes.1. Starch 2. fructose 3. sucrose 4. lactose 5. maltose
Answer» 1. Starch – Polysaccharides 2. Furctose – Mono saccharides 3. Sucrose – Oligo saccharide 4. Lactose – Oligo saccharide 5. Maltose – Oligo saccharide Surcose, Lactose and Maltose are typical disaccharides

2203.

Classify the following into monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharldes.1. Starch 2. fructose 3. sucrose 4. lactose 5. maltose

Answer»

1. Starch – Polysaccharides

2. Furctose – Mono saccharides

3. Sucrose – Oligo saccharide

4. Lactose – Oligo saccharide

5. Maltose – Oligo saccharide

Surcose, Lactose and Maltose are typical disaccharides

Discussion

2204.	Anaemia is caused by the deficiency of vitamin ……
Answer» Anaemia is caused by the deficiency of vitamin B₁₂

Discussion

2205.	How are vitamins classified?
Answer» Vitamins are classified into two groups based on their solubility in water and in fat. They are, 1. Water – soluble vitamins 2. Oil or fat – soluble vitamins Water – soluble vitamins – Vitamins which dissolve in water are called water soluble vitamins. Examples – Vitamins of B group and Vitamin C Oil or fat – soluble vitamins: Vitamins which dissolve in oils or fat are called oil or fat – soluble vitamins. Examples – Vitamin A, D, E and K

2205.

How are vitamins classified?

Answer»

Vitamins are classified into two groups based on their solubility in water and in fat.

They are,

1. Water – soluble vitamins

2. Oil or fat – soluble vitamins

Water – soluble vitamins – Vitamins which dissolve in water are called water soluble vitamins. Examples – Vitamins of B group and Vitamin C Oil or fat – soluble

vitamins: Vitamins which dissolve in oils or fat are called oil or fat – soluble vitamins.

Examples – Vitamin A, D, E and K

Discussion

2206.	Name the vitamin responsible for the coagulation of blood.
Answer» Vitamin K responsible for the coagulation of blood

Discussion

2207.	Reaction of bromine water with glucose suggest thatA. `1^(@)` alcoholic group present in glucoseB. `2^(@)` alcoholic group present in glucoseC. aldehyde group present in glucoseD. cyclic structure of glucose
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

2208.	The number of chiral C atoms on glucose and fructose are
Answer» 4 in glucose and 3 in fructose

Discussion

2209.	The best solvent to remove butter stain from cloth is :A. `CHCl_(3)`B. `C_(2)H_(5)OH`C. `C_(2)H_(5)OC_(2)H_(5)`D. `H_(2)O`
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

2210.	The charing product formed when `C_(6) H_(12) O_(6)` is heated with cone, `H_(2)SO_(4)` is due to:A. oxidationB. reductionC. dehydrationD. dehydrogenation
Answer» Correct Answer - C Glucose `overset(conc.H_(2)SO_(4))rarr 6C + 6H_(2)O`, this is dehydration.

Discussion

2211.	Glucose on reduction with `Na//Hg` and water gives:A. sorbitolB. fructoseC. saccharic acidD. gluconic acid
Answer» Correct Answer - A `CHO(CHOH)_(4) CH_(2) overset(red^(n)) rarr CH_(2)OH(CHOH)_(4)CH_(2)OH`

Discussion

2212.	Proteins are hydrolysed by enzymes intoA. hydroxy acidsB. `alpha`-amino acidsC. dicarboxylic acidD. none of these
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

2213.	What are enzymes ? Give examples ?
Answer» The group of complex proteinoid organic compounds, elaborated by living organism which catalyse specific organic reactionns are called enzymes . Eg. : Lipases , Rennin, Maltase, Invertase etc. Practically all biological processes such as digestion, respiration etc, are carried on through the agency of enzymes . Enzymes may be defined as biocatalysis synthesised by living cells. The functional unit of enzyme is known as holo enzyme made up at apo enzyme (protein part) and co enzyme (non - protein part) Holo enzyme `to underset("Co factor") ("Apo enzyme") + underset("Prosthetic group")("co enzyme")`

Discussion

2214.	Explain the denaturation of proteins.
Answer» Protein Denaturation : The phenomenon of disorganization of native protein structure is known as denaturation . Denaturation results in the loss of secondary , tertiary and quaternary structure of proteins. This involves a change in physical, chemical and biological properties of protein molecules. Agents of denaturation : Physica agents - heat , violent shaking , X - rays , UV - radiation Chemical agents - Acids, alkalies, organic solvents, urea , salt of heavy metals.

Discussion

2215.	What are proteins ? Give an example.
Answer» Proteins : A poly peptide with more than hundred amino acid residues, having molecular mass higher than 10,000 unita is called a protein. Eg: keratin, myosin, insulin.

Discussion

2216.	All of the following are example of fibrous proteins exceptA. woolB. silkC. hornD. insulin
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

2217.	(a) Name the three major classes of carbohydrates and give an example of each of these classes. (b) Ans the following : (i) What type of linkage is responsible for the primary structure of proteins ? (ii) Name the location where position synthesis occurs in our body. OR (a) How are lipids classified ? Given an example of each class. (b) Explain the following terms : (i) Mutarotation (ii) Avitaminosis.
Answer» Correct Answer - The three major classes of carbohydrates are (i) Monosaccharids Example :gloucos (ii) Oligosaccharides Example:sucrose (disaccharide) (iii) Polysaccharides Example starch (b) (i) Peptide linkage is responsible for the primary structure of proteins (ii) Protein synthesis occurs in the nucleus of a cell `OR` (a) Classification of liquids: Lipids are classified into four types namely simple lipids compounds lipids terpenoids and steroids and derivedd lipids Simple lipids Adipose tissue butterfact lard suet fish oils olive oil corn and waxes Compound lipids Phospholipids lecithin cephalin and glycolipids Terpenoids and steroids Terpens sterols (cholesterol ergosterol and -7dehydrocholesterol) anddrogens and estrogens and corticolsteroids Dertived lipis are alos known as fatty acids which mainly occur either in plant or animal foods Butyric acid palmitic acid oleic linoleic acid linolenic acid (b) (i) Mutarotation The spontaneous changes in the optic rotation of an optically active compound is known as Mutarotation `underset(+111^(@))(alpha-D(+)glucose)hArrunderset(at eq^(m))underset(+52.5^(@))(glucose)hArrunderset(+1g^(@))(beta-D(+))"glucose"` (ii) Avitaminosis Any disease caused by chronic or long term vitamin deficiency or caused by deffect in metabolic conversion . `C_(6)H_(12)O_(6) underset(3O_(2)) overset("Zymase")(rarr)C_(2)H_(5)OH +4CO_(2)+3H_(2)O`.

Discussion

2218.	During the process of digestion, the proteins present in food material are hydrolysed to amino acids. The two enzymes involved in the process are : `"Proteins"overset("enzyme")underset((A))rarr "polypeptides" overset("enzyme")underset((B))rarr "amino acids"`A. invertase and zymaseB. amylase and maltoseC. diastose and lipaseD. pepsin and tripsin
Answer» Correct Answer - D The enzymes are pepsin (A) and trypsin (B).

Discussion

2219.	What are fibrous proteins ? Give examples.
Answer» When the poly peptide chains run parallel and are held together by hydrogen and disulphide bonds then fibre-like structure is formed . These are called fibrous proteins. These are insoluble in water . Eg : keratin, myosin.

Discussion

2220.	State differences between the following pairs : (i) Enzymers and Coenzymens (ii) Primary and Secondary structure of a protein.
Answer» Correct Answer - (i) Enzymes are biological catalysts which catalyes the varios bichemical in the body Chemically all enzymes are globoular proteins The non-protin part called prosthetic grotein The non-porotin part called prosthetic group as small organic molecules with which the enzymes are associated are called coenzymeas (ii) Refer to theory . Glucose is a monosaccharide where as oilgosaceharides are those which have `2-10` monosaccharide units.

Discussion

2221.	How are vitamines classified? Name the vitamin responsible for the coagulation of blood.
Answer» Correct Answer - Vitamins are classified into two groups depending upon their solubiity in water or fat (i) Water soluble vitamins These include vitamin B-complex `(B_(1),B_(2),B_(3)` i.e nicotinic acid `B_(6),B_(12),` pantothenic acid and folic acid) and vitamin `C` (ii) Fat souble vitamins These vitamins `A,D,E` and `K` They are stored in linver and adipose (fat storing tissues) However biotin i.e vitamin `H` is neither soluble in water nor in fat Vitamin `K` is responsible for coagulation of bond . Commonest disaccharide (sucorse) has molecular formula `C_(12)H_(22)O_(11)`.

Discussion

2222.	Write any five biological significance of lipids.
Answer» lipids form the main constituents of biological membranes. Lipids provide protective coverings like cuticle on leaves, hairs & feathers in animals. Lipids function as reserve food material in living organisms. Lipids provide a rich source of energy. Steroids regulate physiological activities.

Discussion

2223.	What are globular proteins ? Give examples.
Answer» When the chains of polypeptide coil around to give a spherical shape then globular proteins are formed. These are usually soluble in water. Eg: insulin and albumins.

Discussion

2224.	The peptide bond joining amino acid into proteins is a specific example ofA. esterB. carbonylC. glycosidicD. amide
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

2225.	Define Enzyme inhibition.
Answer» When the binding of a chemical shuts off enzyme activity, the process is called inhibition and chemical is called inhibitor.

Discussion

2226.

Observe the following figures and write the differences between them.

Answer»

Saturated fats	Unsaturated fats
1. They contain single chain of carbon atoms with single bonds.	They contain chain of carbon atoms with one or more double bonds.
2. They are solid at room temperature.	They are liquid at room temperature.
3. They increase blood cholesterol level by depositing it in the inner wall of arteries.	They lower the blood cholesterol level and have many health benefits.
4. They do not get spoiled.	They get spoiled easily.
5. Saturated fats are obtained from animal fats, palm oil, etc.	Unsaturated fatty acids are obtained from plant and vegetable oil, etc.

Discussion

2227.	Difference between Anabolic pathways and Catabolic pathway.
Answer» Anabolic pathways : Lead to formation of more complex structure from a simpler structure with the consumption of energy. e.g., Protein from amino acids. Catabolic pathway : Lead to formation of simpler structure from a complex structure. e.g., Glucose → Lactic Acid.

2227.

Difference between Anabolic pathways and Catabolic pathway.

Answer»

Anabolic pathways : Lead to formation of more complex structure from a simpler structure with the consumption of energy.

e.g., Protein from amino acids.

Catabolic pathway : Lead to formation of simpler structure from a complex structure.

e.g., Glucose → Lactic Acid.

Discussion

2228.	What are building blocks of life?
Answer» Life is composed of four main building blocks: Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids.

Discussion

2229.	Explain the peptide bond.
Answer» 1. The covalent bond that links the two amino acids is called a peptide bond. 2. Peptide bond is formed by condensation reaction.

2229.

Explain the peptide bond.

Answer»

1. The covalent bond that links the two amino acids is called a peptide bond.

2. Peptide bond is formed by condensation reaction.

Discussion

2230.	What are the 4 types of Polysaccharides?
Answer» Polysaccharides : Are long chain of sugars. (a) Starch : Store house of energy in plant tissues. Forms helical secondary structures. (b) Cellulose : Polymer of glucose. (c) Glycogen : Is a branched homopolymer, found as storage polysaccharide in animals. (d) Insulin : Is a polymer of fructose. (e) Chitin : Chemically modified sugar (amino-sugars) N-acetyl galactosamine. Form exoskeleton of arthropods.

2230.

What are the 4 types of Polysaccharides?

Answer»

Polysaccharides : Are long chain of sugars.

(a) Starch : Store house of energy in plant tissues. Forms helical secondary structures.

(b) Cellulose : Polymer of glucose.

(c) Glycogen : Is a branched homopolymer, found as storage polysaccharide in animals.

(d) Insulin : Is a polymer of fructose.

(e) Chitin : Chemically modified sugar (amino-sugars) N-acetyl galactosamine. Form exoskeleton of arthropods.

Discussion

2231.	Cerebroside isA. GlycolipidB. SterolC. PhospholipidD. Steroid
Answer» Correct Answer - A (A) Cerebroside is a glycolipid.

Discussion

2232.	Three of the following statements about enzymes are correct and one is wrong. Which one is wrong ?A. Enzymes are denatured at high temperature but in certain exceptional organism they are effective even at `80^(@)-90^(@)`C.B. Enzymes require optimum pH for maximal activity.C. Most enzymes are proteins but some are lipids.D. Enzymes are highly specific.
Answer» Correct Answer - C (C) Enzymes are denatured at high temperature but in certain exceptional organism s they are effective even at `80^(@)-90^(@)C`. Enzymes require optimum pH for maximal activity. Most enzymes are proteins but some are nucleic acids. Enzymes are highly specific.

Discussion

2233.	Abscisic acid isA. triglyceride of long chain alcoholB. sesqui terpenesC. diterpenesD. glycolipids
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

2234.	Which of the following is detected in body tissuesA. testosteroneB. estrogenC. sitosterolD. prostaglandins
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

2235.	Mutarotation is not seen inA. SucroseB. D-GlucoseC. L-GlucoseD. Fructose
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

2236.	Glycerol tristearate (stearin) can not undergo, which of the following reaction ?A. SponificationB. Acid hydrolysisC. HydrogenationD. none of these
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

2237.	Chain transfer reagent isA. `C Cl_(4)`B. `CH_(4)`C. `O_(2)`D. `H_(2)`
Answer» Correct Answer - A A substance that is able to cause a chain transfer in a chain polymerization is called a chain transfer agent. It gives an atom to the radical at the growing end of a polymer chain and in doing so it results into a radical which can start the growth of a new chain. `C Cl_(4)` is a chain transfer reagent.

Discussion

2238.	Chain transfer reagent isA. `CCI_(4)`B. `CH_(4)`C. `O_(2)`D. `H_(2)`
Answer» Correct Answer - A A substance that is able to cause a chain transfer in a chain polymerisation is called a chain transfer agent. It gives an atom to the radical at the growing end of a plymer chain and in doing so it results into a radical which can start the growth of a new chain. `C Cl_(4)` is a chain transfer reagent.

Discussion

2239.	Green chemistry means such reactions whichA. produce colour during reactionsB. reduce the use and production of hazardous chemicalsC. are related to the depletion of ozone layerD. study the reactions in plants
Answer» Correct Answer - B Green chemistry means, the production of chemicals of our daily needs by using such reactions and chemicals processes which neither use toxic chemicals, nor emit such chemicals into atmosphere. Thsu, green chemistry is an alternative tool for reducing pollution.

Discussion

2240.	The degree of cystallinity of which of the following is highestA. Atactic polyvinylchlorideB. Isotactic polyvinylchlorideC. Syndiiotactic polyvinylchlorideD. All of these
Answer» Correct Answer - C Syndiotatic polyvinychloride `(-CH_(2)-underset(Cl)underset(\|)CH-CH_(2)-overset(Cl)overset(\|)CH-CH_(2)-underset(Cl)underset(\|)CH-CH_(2)-overset(Cl)overset(\|)CH-underset(Cl)underset(\|)HC-overset(\|)CH_(2))_(n)` In this arrangement the chlorine atoms are alternately arranged. The polymer is stereogular and has high crystallinity.

Discussion

2241.	Which one of the following is employed as a tranquilizer ?A. NaproxenB. TetracyclineC. ChlorpheniramineD. Equanil
Answer» Correct Answer - D Equanil is used for the treatement of stress and mental diseases i.e., as a tranquilizer.

Discussion

2242.	Which one of the following is employed as a tranquilizer ?A. EquanilB. NaproxenC. TetracyclineD. chlorpheninamine
Answer» Correct Answer - A The drug which are used to reduce anxiety and for the treatement of mental diseases, are called tranquilisers. These drugs are also known as pyschotherapeutic drug. Luminal, seconal and equanil are some commonly used and are the example of transquiliser.

Discussion

2243.	Which one of the following is employed as a tranquilizer drug ?A. PromethazineB. ValiumC. NaproxenD. Mifipristone
Answer» Correct Answer - B Valium is a tranquilizer.

Discussion

2244.	Which one of the following is employed as a tranquilizer ?A. ChloropheninamineB. EquanilC. NaproxenD. Tetracycline
Answer» Correct Answer - B Chlorpheninamine is an antihistamine. Naproxen is an analgesic. Tetracycline is an antibiotic. Equanil is a tranquilizer.

Discussion

2245.	Which of the following is not tranquilizer?A. LuminalB. SeconalC. ReserpineD. Piperazine
Answer» Correct Answer - D Piperazine in not tranquilizer.

Discussion

2246.	Which of the following antibiotics is used to cure typhoid?A. PenicillinB. ChloramphenicolC. TetracylineD. Streptomycin
Answer» Correct Answer - B Chloramphenicol is used to cure typhoid.

Discussion

2247.	The substance used in the birth control pills isA. tetracyclineB. sulphadiazineC. mestranolD. Piperazine
Answer» Correct Answer - C Mestranol is used in birth control.

Discussion

2248.	Which is the correct statement about birth control pills?A. Contain estrogen onlyB. Contain progesterone onlyC. Contain a mixutre of estrogen and progesterone derivativeD. Progesterone enhances ovulation
Answer» Correct Answer - C Birth control pills contains a mixture of estrogen and progesterone derivatives.

Discussion

2249.	Which of the following enhances leathering property of soap?A. Sodium carbonateB. Sodium rosinateC. Sodium stearateD. Trisodium phosphate
Answer» Correct Answer - B Sodium rosinate enhances the leathering property of soap.

Discussion

2250.	Which of the following has `beta`-pleated structureA. oxytocinB. mucinC. fibroin of silkD. insulin
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

Classify the following into monosaccharides and disaccharides.Ribose, 2-deoxyribose, maltose, galactose, fructose and lactose.

Why cannot vitamin C be stored in our body?

Classify the following into monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharldes.1. Starch 2. fructose 3. sucrose 4. lactose 5. maltose

Anaemia is caused by the deficiency of vitamin ……

How are vitamins classified?

Name the vitamin responsible for the coagulation of blood.

Reaction of bromine water with glucose suggest thatA. `1^(@)` alcoholic group present in glucoseB. `2^(@)` alcoholic group present in glucoseC. aldehyde group present in glucoseD. cyclic structure of glucose

The number of chiral C atoms on glucose and fructose are

The best solvent to remove butter stain from cloth is :A. `CHCl_(3)`B. `C_(2)H_(5)OH`C. `C_(2)H_(5)OC_(2)H_(5)`D. `H_(2)O`

The charing product formed when `C_(6) H_(12) O_(6)` is heated with cone, `H_(2)SO_(4)` is due to:A. oxidationB. reductionC. dehydrationD. dehydrogenation

Glucose on reduction with `Na//Hg` and water gives:A. sorbitolB. fructoseC. saccharic acidD. gluconic acid

Proteins are hydrolysed by enzymes intoA. hydroxy acidsB. `alpha`-amino acidsC. dicarboxylic acidD. none of these

What are enzymes ? Give examples ?

Explain the denaturation of proteins.

What are proteins ? Give an example.

All of the following are example of fibrous proteins exceptA. woolB. silkC. hornD. insulin

What are fibrous proteins ? Give examples.

State differences between the following pairs : (i) Enzymers and Coenzymens (ii) Primary and Secondary structure of a protein.

How are vitamines classified? Name the vitamin responsible for the coagulation of blood.

Write any five biological significance of lipids.

What are globular proteins ? Give examples.

The peptide bond joining amino acid into proteins is a specific example ofA. esterB. carbonylC. glycosidicD. amide

Define Enzyme inhibition.

Observe the following figures and write the differences between them.

Difference between Anabolic pathways and Catabolic pathway.

What are building blocks of life?

Explain the peptide bond.

What are the 4 types of Polysaccharides?

Cerebroside isA. GlycolipidB. SterolC. PhospholipidD. Steroid

Abscisic acid isA. triglyceride of long chain alcoholB. sesqui terpenesC. diterpenesD. glycolipids

Which of the following is detected in body tissuesA. testosteroneB. estrogenC. sitosterolD. prostaglandins

Mutarotation is not seen inA. SucroseB. D-GlucoseC. L-GlucoseD. Fructose

Glycerol tristearate (stearin) can not undergo, which of the following reaction ?A. SponificationB. Acid hydrolysisC. HydrogenationD. none of these

Chain transfer reagent isA. `C Cl_(4)`B. `CH_(4)`C. `O_(2)`D. `H_(2)`

Chain transfer reagent isA. `CCI_(4)`B. `CH_(4)`C. `O_(2)`D. `H_(2)`

Green chemistry means such reactions whichA. produce colour during reactionsB. reduce the use and production of hazardous chemicalsC. are related to the depletion of ozone layerD. study the reactions in plants

The degree of cystallinity of which of the following is highestA. Atactic polyvinylchlorideB. Isotactic polyvinylchlorideC. Syndiiotactic polyvinylchlorideD. All of these

Which one of the following is employed as a tranquilizer ?A. NaproxenB. TetracyclineC. ChlorpheniramineD. Equanil

Which one of the following is employed as a tranquilizer ?A. EquanilB. NaproxenC. TetracyclineD. chlorpheninamine

Which one of the following is employed as a tranquilizer drug ?A. PromethazineB. ValiumC. NaproxenD. Mifipristone

Which one of the following is employed as a tranquilizer ?A. ChloropheninamineB. EquanilC. NaproxenD. Tetracycline

Which of the following is not tranquilizer?A. LuminalB. SeconalC. ReserpineD. Piperazine

Which of the following antibiotics is used to cure typhoid?A. PenicillinB. ChloramphenicolC. TetracylineD. Streptomycin

The substance used in the birth control pills isA. tetracyclineB. sulphadiazineC. mestranolD. Piperazine

Which is the correct statement about birth control pills?A. Contain estrogen onlyB. Contain progesterone onlyC. Contain a mixutre of estrogen and progesterone derivativeD. Progesterone enhances ovulation

Which of the following enhances leathering property of soap?A. Sodium carbonateB. Sodium rosinateC. Sodium stearateD. Trisodium phosphate

Which of the following has `beta`-pleated structureA. oxytocinB. mucinC. fibroin of silkD. insulin