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201.

Phosphodiester linkage present betweenA. 1 and 2 carbon atoms of two pentose sugarB. 3 and 5 carbon atoms of two pentose sugarC. 2 and 3 carbon atoms of two pentose sugarD. 1 and 3 carbon atoms of two pentose sugar

Answer» Correct Answer - B
202.

Pentose sugar present in RNA isA. `beta`-D-riboseB. `alpha`-D-riboseC. `beta`-D-2-deoxyriboseD. `alpha`-D-deoxyribose

Answer» Correct Answer - A
203.

Which of the following is used for making mucilage for postal stamps?A. DextrinB. PectinC. ReffinoseD. Melibiose

Answer» Correct Answer - A
The dextrins, `(C_(6) H_(10) O_(5))_(n)`, are polysaccharides which are produced by the partial hydrolysis of starch by boiling with water under pressure at about `250^(@)C`. They are white powders, and are used for making adhesives and confectonery. For sizing paper etc,
Pectins are polysaccharides found in plant and fruit juices. Their characterstic property is the ability of their solutions to gelate, i.e., form jellies. Thus, these carbohydrates are used in preparing fruit jams and jellies.
`(+) -` Raffinose is a trisaccharide, having the formula `C_(18) H_(32) O_(16)` . It is non reducing sugar found in beet molasses. Hydrolysis by acid gives `D-` fructose, `D-` galactose and `D-` glucose , hydrolysis by the enzyme `alpha`-galactosidase gives `D-` galactose and sucrose and hydrolysis by invertase (a sucrose-splitting enzyme) gives `D-` fructose and the disaccharide melibose, in which the two monosaccharide molecules are linked by the `6^(th)` carbon atom (the aldehyde carbon atom being number one ) of the reducing monosaccharide.
204.

Why are hormones known as ‘glandular juice’?

Answer»

Hormones are also known as ‘Glandular Juices’ because they are secreted by endocrine glands.

205.

The conversion of protein to amino acids takes place by which of the following enzyme?(a) Lipase(b) Maltase(c) Trypsin(d) Renin

Answer»

The answer is (c) Trypsin

206.

Number of the thyroid gland in humans is(a) One(b) Two(c) Three(d) Four

Answer»

The answer is (a) One

207.

Why are hormones known as “Chemical messengers”?

Answer»

Hormones are known as chemical messengers because they are secreted by glands and they work in the cells and the tissues away from their origin.

208.

Chemical messengers are(a) Hormones(b) Enzymes(c) Vitamins(d) Nucleic acids

Answer»

(a) Hormones

209.

EnzymesA. have optimum activity at body temperatureB. consists of nuclei acidsC. carbohydrateD. have all these properties

Answer» Correct Answer - A
Enzymes have maximum efficiency at body temperature
210.

The sequence in nucleic acids is(a) Base – sugar – phosphate(b) Sugar – base – phosphate(c) Phosphate – base – sugar(d) Base – phosphate-sugar

Answer»

(a) Base – sugar – phosphate

211.

The nucleic acids are broken into nucleotides by………A. AmylasesB. NucleasesC. LipasesD. Proteases

Answer» Correct Answer - B
212.

In nucleic acids, the sequence isA. Phosphate-Base-SugarB. Sugar-Base-PhosphateC. base-phosphate-sugarD. None

Answer» Correct Answer - C
In nucleic acids, the sequence is base-sugar phophate.
213.

Enzymes in the living systemsA. provide energyB. provide immunityC. transport oxygenD. catalyse biochemical processes

Answer» Correct Answer - D
Enzymes in living system catalyse biological processess.
214.

Enzymes belog to the class of compoundsA. polysaccharideB. polypeptidesC. polynitrogen heterocyclic compoundD. hydrocarbons

Answer» Correct Answer - B
Enzymes are polypeptides.
215.

Protein is a polymer ofA. glucoseB. tetephathalic acidC. amino acidsD. glycol

Answer» Correct Answer - C
Proteins is a polymer of `alpha`-amino acids
216.

Which amino acid has no assymmetric carbon atom?A. histidineB. glycineC. `alpha`-alanineD. threonim

Answer» Correct Answer - B
Glycine has no assymmetric carbon atom
`H_(2)N-CH_(2)-CO OH`
217.

Which of the following is not present in nucleotide?A. GuanineB. CytosineC. adenineD. Thyroxine

Answer» Correct Answer - D
Tryoxine is not present in nucleotide.
218.

Which of the following is found in cod-liver oil ?A. AB. `B_(12)`C. `B_(1)`D. C.

Answer» Correct Answer - A
Cod liver oil is rich in vitamin A and D
219.

Which of the following is a molecular disease?A. allergyB. cancerC. german measlesD. sickel cell anemia.

Answer» Correct Answer - D
Sickel cell anemia is a molecular disease.
220.

Vitamin A is present inA. liverB. milkC. green vegetablesD. all.

Answer» Correct Answer - D
vitamin a is present in liver, milk and green vegetables.
221.

Which of the following is capable of forming a zwitter ion ?A. `NH_(2)CH_(2)CO OH`B. `CH_(3)CO OH`C. `CH_(3)CH_(2)NH_(2)`D. `C Cl_(3)NO_(2)`.

Answer» Correct Answer - A
Amino acids (e.g., `NH_(2)CH_(2)CO OH`) forms zwitter ions at isoelectric point.
222.

Glycoproteins containA. Protein and fatB. Protein and saltC. Protein and vitaminD. Protein and carbohydrates

Answer» Correct Answer - D
(d) When protein adjoins with carbohydrates, is known as gylcoprotein, which is a conjugated protein.
223.

The prosthetic group in glycoproteins isA. carbohydrateB. fatC. vitaminD. nucleic acid

Answer» Correct Answer - A
The prosthetic group in glycoprotein is carbohydrate.
224.

Insulin is secreted byA. stomachB. pancreasC. lungsD. none

Answer» Correct Answer - B
Insulin is secreted by pancrease.
225.

The chemical substance which acts as emulsifier is:A. phosphoric acidB. fatty acidC. bile acidsD. mineral acids (HCl).

Answer» Correct Answer - C
Bile acids acts as a eumulsifers oils and fats present in our food.
226.

Choose the correct non-protein amino acidA. hydroxyprolineB. hydroxylysineC. cysteineD. `gamma` amino butyric acid

Answer» Correct Answer - D
227.

The two polypeptides of human insulin are linked together byA. Hydrogen bondsB. Phosphodiester bondC. Covanlent bondD. Disulphide bridges

Answer» Correct Answer - D
228.

Salicin (structure given below) is a glycoside, found in the bark of willow tree, used in relieving pain. Observe the following reaction of salicin. The correct statement (s) is (are): .A. `P` is `D`-glucoseB. `Q` is 2-hydroybenzylalcoholC. `Q` can be converted to a modern analgensic (pain killer), aspirinD. The above reaction occurs through a carbocation

Answer» Correct Answer - A::B::C::D
229.

Antibodies that help to fight infectious agents areA. PolysaccharidesB. Amino acidsC. ProteinsD. Glucose

Answer» Correct Answer - C
230.

Primary structure of protein is due toA. sequence in which `alpha`-amino acids are linked to one anotherB. sequence in which amino acid of one polypeptide chain are joined to other chainC. the folding patterns of polypeptide chainsD. the pattern in which the polypeptide chains are arranged.

Answer» Correct Answer - A
The sequence in which the `alpha`-amino acids are linked to one another in a protein molecule is called its primary structure.
231.

Mark the incorrect example.A. Keratin and myosin-Fibrous proteinsB. Insulin and albumins -Globular proteinsC. Glycylalanine-DipeptideD. Enzymes and haemoglobin -Derived proteins

Answer» Correct Answer - D
Enzymes and haemoglobin are the examples of globular proteins.
232.

Enumerate the reactions of `D`-Glucose which cannot be explained by its open-chain structure.

Answer» (a) `D(+) -` glucose does not undergo certain characteristic reactions of aldehydes, e.g., glucose does not form `NaHSO_(3)` addition product.
(b) Glucose reacts with `NH_(2)OH` to form an oxime but glucose pentaccetate does not. This implies that the aldehydic group is absent in glucose pentaccetate.
(c) `D - (+) -` glucose exists in two stereoisomeric forms, i.e., `alpha`-glucose and `beta-`glucose.
(d) Both `alpha - D -` glucose and `beta - D -` glucose undergo mutarotation in aqueous solution. Although the crystalline forms of `alpha -` and `beta - D (+) -` glucose are quite stable in aqueous solution but each form slowly changes into an equilibrium. mixture of both.
(e) `D(+)-` glucose forms two isomeric methyl glucosides. Aldehydes normally react with two moles of methanol per mole of the aldehyde to form an acetal but `D(+) -`glucose when treated with methanol in presence of dry HCl gas, reacts with only one mole of methanol per mole of glucose to form a mixture of two methyl `D-`glucosides i.e., methyl `- alpha - D -`glucoside (melting point 43.8 K, specific rotation `+158^(@)`) and methyl `-beta - D -` glucoside (melthing point 308 K, specific rotation `-33^(@)`)
233.

Enumerate the reactions of D-glucose which cannot be explained by its open-chain structure.

Answer»

The following reactions of D- glucose cannot be explained by its open chain structure.

1. D - glucose does not undergo certain characteristic reactions of aldehydes. For example glucose does not form NaHSO3 addition product, aldehyde-ammonia adduct, 2, 4, DNP derivative and does not respond to Schiff’s reagent test.

2. Glucose reacts with NH2OH to form an oxime but glucose pentaacetate does not. This implies that the aldehyde group is absent in glucose pentaacetate.

3. D (+) - Glucose exists in two stereoisomeric forms ie. α – glucose and β- glucose, α - D (+) - glucose is obtained when a concentrated aqueous or alcoholic solution is crystallised at 303K. It has a melting point of 419K and has a specific rotation of +111° in a freshly prepared aqueous solution. However when glucose is crystallised from water above 371 K β - D (+) glucose is obtained.

4. Both α - D glucose and β - D glucose undergo mutarotation in aqueous solution.

234.

With reference to DNA, mention the types of(a) Pyrimidine bases(b) Purine bases

Answer»

(a) Pyrimidine bases – Cytosine & Thymine

(b) Purine bases – Adenine & Guanine 

235.

Which of the following are purine bases?A. GuanineB. AdenineC. ThymineD. Uracil

Answer» Correct Answer - A::B
236.

Which of the following monosaccharides are present as five membered cyclic structure (furanose structure)?(i) Ribose(ii) Glucose(iii) Fructose(iv) Galactose

Answer»

(i), (iii)

(i) Ribose

(iii) Fructose

237.

Which of the following are purine bases?(i) Guanine(ii) Adenine(iii) Thymine(iv) Uracil

Answer»

(i), (ii)

(i) Guanine
(ii) Adenine

238.

In fibrous proteins, polypeptide chains are held together by........ .A. van der Waals forcesB. electrostatic forces of attractionC. hydrogen bondsD. covalent bonds.

Answer» Correct Answer - C
Polypeptide chains in fibrous proteins are held together by disulphide and hydrogen bonds.
239.

In fibrous proteins, polypeptide chains are held together by ___________.(i) van der Waals forces(ii) disulphide linkage(iii) electrostatic forces of attraction(iv) hydrogen bonds

Answer»

(ii), (iv)

(ii) disulphide linkage

(iv) hydrogen bonds

240.

In fibrous proteins, polypeptide chains are held together by........ .A. van der Waals forcesB. disulphide linkageC. electrostatic forces of attractionD. hydrogen bonds

Answer» Correct Answer - B::D
In fibrous proteins, polypeptide chains are held together by hydrogen and disulphide bond, in parallel manner. Due to which fibre-like structure is obtained. Such proteins are generally known as fibrous proteins. These proteins are generally insoluble in water e.g., keratin, myosin.
241.

Give the sources of the following vitamins- A,B1,B2,B6,B12,C

Answer»
S .No. VITAMINSSOURCES
1AMilk,butter,carrot,fish liver oil 
2B1Milk,green vegetables,cereals,yeast
3B2Milk,egg white,liver,kidney
4B6Milk,egg yolk,cereals,gram,yeast
5B12Curd,meat,milk,fish,egg
6CCirtus fruits
242.

Name the deficiency diseases due to following vitamins - A,B1,B2,B6,B12,C

Answer»
S NoVITAMINSDISEASES
1ANight blindness, Xeropthlamia
1B1Retarded growth, Beri-Beri 
2B2Cracking of corners of lips, Digestive disorder, burning sensation of skin
3B6Convulsions
4B12Pernicious anemia
6CScurvy, Bleeding of gums
243.

Assertion. Cellulose of our diet simply provides bulk (fibre, roughage) and no nutrient. Reason. Cellulose is not hydrolysed (digested) in our gut. It hastens movement of faeces through the intestine.A. If both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.B. If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.C. If Assertion is true but the Reason is false.D. If both Assertion and Reason are false.

Answer» Correct Answer - A
244.

Shanti, a domestic helper of Mrs. Anuradha, fainted while mopping the floor. Mrs. Anuradha immediately took her to the nearby hospital where she was diagnosed to be severely 'anaemic‘. The doctor prescribed an iron rich diet and multivitamins supplement to her. Mrs. Anuradha supported her financially to get the medicines. After a month, Shanti was diagnosed to be normal. After reading the above passage, answer the following questions: (i) What values are displayed by Mrs. Anuradha? (ii) Name the vitamin whose deficiency causes 'pernicious anaemia‘. (iii) Give an example of a water soluble vitamin.

Answer»

(i) Helpfulness, caring, generosity, kindness attitude towards poor. 

(ii) Vitamin B12

(iii) Vitamin C.

245.

The two polynucleotide chains in DNA areA. parallelB. discontinuousC. antiparallelD. semiconservative

Answer» Correct Answer - C
In 1953 James Watson and Francis Crick suggested that in a DNA molecule there are two polynucleotide chains arranged antiparallel or in opposite directions.
246.

Which statementsare correct?A. Lactose is a disaccharide and is a reducing sugar.B. `alpha`-D-glucopyranoside and `beta` - D-glucopyranose are anomers.C. Methyl `-alpha`-D-glucopyranoside has an acetal structure and is a non-reducing sugar.D. `alpha`-D-Glucopyranose has a hemiacetal structure ans is a reducing sugar.

Answer» Correct Answer - A::B::C::D
247.

The structure of a basic amino acid, lysine, is given below: `(HOOC-underset(.^(o+)NH_(3))underset(|)(C)H-(CH_(2))_(3)-CH_(2)overset(o+)(N)H_(3))(A)` The `pK_(a_1),pK_(a_2),` and `PK_(a_3)` of `(A)`, respectively, are: `2.18,8.95`, and `10.53`. What is the `pH` at isoelectric points `(pI)`?A. `(pK_(a_(1))+pK_(a_(2)))/(2)`B. `(pK_(a_(1))+pK_(a_(3)))/(2)`C. `(pK_(a_(2))+pK_(a_(3)))/(2)`D. `(pK_(a_(1))+pK_(a_(2))+pK_(a_(3)))/(3)`

Answer» Correct Answer - C
248.

Polynucleotide chain isA. Polyamide chainB. polyster chainC. polypeptide chainD. polyglycosidic chain

Answer» Correct Answer - B
249.

`HOOC-CH_(2)-NH-overset(O)overset(||)C-overset(CH_(2)-Ph)overset(|)(CH)-NH-overset(O)overset(||)C-overset(Me)overset(|)CH-NH_(2)` what will the correct representation of the above tripeptide?A. Gly-Phe-AlaB. Ala-Gly-PheC. Gyl-Ala-PheD. Ale-Phe-Gly

Answer» Correct Answer - d
Peptide chain grow and written from N-terminal to C-terminal so give tripeptide is Ala-Phe-Gly.
250.

`CH_(3)-overset(overset(NH)(|))(CH)-COOH overset((X))rarr CH_(2)- overset(overset(NH_(2))(|))(CH_(2))OH` The reagent `(X)` can be.A. `H_(2)//Pd//BaSO_(4)//`quinolineB. `NaBH_(4)`C. `LiAlH_(4)`D. `CH_(3)Mgl`

Answer» Correct Answer - C
`CH_(3)-overset(overset(NH_(3))(|))(CH)-COOH overset(LiAlH_(4))(rarr) CH_(3)-overset(overset(NH_(2))(|))(CH)-CH_(2)OH`, hence `X` is `LiAlH_(4)`.