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InterviewSolution
This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 751. |
Identify the desirable characteristic for a plasmid used in r-DNA technology from the following : A. Ability to multiply and express outside the host in a bioreactor. B. A highly active promoter. C. A site at which replication can be initiated. D. One or more identifiable marker genes. E. One or more unique restriction sites.A. A,C,D and E onlyB. A,C and E onlyC. B,C,D and E onlyD. B,C and E only |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 752. |
Parth has identified luciferase gene from firefly. Construct a flowchart of the steps that you would follow to transfer the gene to a plant. |
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Answer» Steps of rDNA : Isolation of DNA from firefly Cut it with restriction enzyme and by using probe take out desired gene after doing electrophoresis According to size of desired DNA select vector Insert vector in appropriate host cell Co-cultivation of host with explants Transfer the explants with desired gene in culture medium |
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| 753. |
Electroporation procedure involves:A. Fast passage of food through sleve pores in phloem elements with the help of electric stimulationB. Opening of stomatal pores during night by artificial lightC. Making transient pores in the cell membrane to introduce gene constructsD. Purification of saline water with the help of a membrane system |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 754. |
Electroporation procedure involves:A. fast passage of food through sieve pores in phloem elements with the help of electric stimulationB. opening of stomatal pores during night by artificial lightC. making transient pores in the cell membrane to intoduce gene constructsD. purification of saline water with the halp of a membrane system |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 755. |
Which one of the following is not uded in the production of yoghurtA. Streptococcus lactisB. Streptococcus thermophilousC. Lactobacillus bulgarisD. Both 2 and 3 |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 756. |
Cry 1 endotoxins obtained from Bacillus Thuringiensis are effective againstA. FliesB. NematodesC. Boll wormsD. Mosquitoes |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 757. |
Cry-gene which synthesize crystal protein isolated from:A. Bacillus thuriengenesisB. RhizobiumC. Bacillus polymyxaD. Clostridium |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 758. |
Name the following :Transgenic fish. |
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Answer» Atlantic salmon, catfish, goldfish, Tilapia, zebra-fish, common carp, rainbow trout. |
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| 759. |
Which genes have been introduced in transgenic fish? |
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Answer» Transgenic fish are transfected with E.coli hygromycin resistance gene, growth hormone and chicken crystalline protein. |
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| 760. |
How is the action of Exonuclease different from that of endonuclease? |
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Answer» Exonuclease removes the nucleotides from the ends of DNA molecules while endonuclease takes cut at specific position within a DNA molecule. |
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| 761. |
What are recombinant proteins? How do bioreactors help in their production? |
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Answer» The protein produced by genetically altered gene in a host is called recombinant protein. Bioreactors are vessels in which raw materials are biologically converted into specific products by microbes. It provides optimum growth conditions such as temperature, pH, substrate, vitamins, oxygen and salts. |
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| 762. |
If RNA use, protease, cellulase etc. are not used in the isolation of genetic materials.1. Find out the difficulties arise during the process of rDNA technology.2. What is spooling? |
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Answer» 1. If the above said enzymes are not used, it is difficult to get DNA in pure form for foreign gene isolation. 2. Fine thread of DNA separated out from chilled alcohol. |
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| 763. |
In the isolation of DNA, removal of protein and RNA is carried out by enzymes ______and___respectively.A. lysozyme, ribonucleaseB. protease, cellulaseC. protease, ribonucleaseD. ribonuclease, chitinase |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C In order to cut the DNA with restriction enzymes, it needs to be in pure form, free from other macromolecules. Since the DNA is enclosed by the membranes, we have to break the cell open to release DNA and other macromolecules like RNA, proteins, polysaccharides and lipids. it is obtained by treating the bacterial cells/plant or animal tissue with enzymes such as lysozyme (bacteria), cellulase (plant cells) and chitinase (fungus). DNA is interwined with proteins like histones. RNA can be removed by treatment with ribonuclease while proteins can be removed by treatment with protease. Other molecules are removed by approprite treatment and purified DNA ultimately precipitates out after addition of chilled enthanol. |
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| 764. |
During isolation of genetic material, the chemical used to precipitate out the purified DNA isA. bromophenol blueB. chilled ethanolC. ethidium bromideD. both (a) and (c) |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B The purified DNA, after treatment with various enzymes, precipitates out after addition of chilled ethanol. This is viewed as a collection of fine threads in the suspension, and is easily collected. The process is known as DNA spooling. |
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| 765. |
How is DNA isolated in purified form from a bacterial cell? |
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Answer» DNA, a genetic material is isolated in purified form by treating the bacterial cells with the enzymes such as lysozyme to remove the cell wall. The RNA thus released can be removed by treating them with ribonuclease and enzyme proteases is added to remove proteins. Finally, chilled ethanol is added to precipitate the purified DNA. |
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| 766. |
How will you otbain purified DNA from a cell? |
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Answer» Cells are treated with appropriate enzymes to release DNA. Lysozyme (bacteria), cellulase (plant cells), chitinase (fungus). RNA and proteins are removed by treatment with ribonuclease and protease enzymes respectively. |
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| 767. |
The most important feature in a plasmid to be used as a vector isA. Origin of replicationB. Presence of sites for restriction endonucleaseC. Presence of selectable markerD. Presence of alternate selectable marker |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A The most important feature in a plasmid to be used as a vector is origin of replication |
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| 768. |
The most important feature in a plasmid to be used as a vector isA. its sizeB. origin of replication (ori)C. presence of a selectable markerD. presence of sites for restriction endonuclease |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 769. |
What are palindromes? |
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Answer» Palindromes are group of letters (sequences) that read same both in forward and backward direction. |
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| 770. |
Name the first plasmid used as vector. |
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Answer» pBR322 is the first plasmid used as vector. |
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| 771. |
The tool used to find particualar gene in a whole genome is known asA. antisense geneB. shot gunC. gene markerD. probe |
| Answer» Correct Answer - b | |
| 772. |
Rising of dough is due toA. multiplication of yeastB. production of `CO_2`C. emulsificationD. hydrolysis of wheat flour starch into sugars |
| Answer» Correct Answer - b | |
| 773. |
Which of the followoing restriction endonuclease enzyme produce blunt end in DNA :A. `{:(," "darr),("Bam HI"," G G A T C C"),(," C C T A G G"):}`B. `{:(," "darr),("ECORI"," G A A T T C"),(," C T T A A G"):}`C. `{:(," "darr),("Hae-III"," G G C C"),(," C C G G "):}`D. All the above |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 774. |
After the biosynthetic phase, the product is separated and purified by the process calledA. Agarose gel electrophoresisB. PCRC. Downstream processingD. Insertional inactivation |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C After the biosynthetic phage, the product is separated and purified by the process called downstream processing |
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| 775. |
Which of the following is not correctly matched for the organsim and its cell wall degrading enzyme ?A. Plant cells-CellulaseB. Algae-MethylaseC. Fungi-ChitinaseD. Bacteria-Lysozyme |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B |
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| 776. |
Which of the following is not correctly matched for the organisms and its cell wall degrading enzyme ?A. Algae - MethylaseB. Fungi-ChitinaseC. Bacteria-LysozymeD. Plant cells -Cellulase |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A `**` Since the DNA is enclosed within the membranes, we have to break the cell open to release DNA along with other macromolecules such as RNA, protein, polysaccharides and also lipids. `**` This can be achieved by treating the bacterial cells/plant or animal tissue with enzymes such as: (i) Lysozyme (bacteria) (ii) Cellulase (plant cells) (iii) Chitinase (fungs) |
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| 777. |
Which of the following is correctly matched ?A. Agrobacterium tumefaciens -TumourB. Thermus aquaticus -Bt geneC. pBR322 -EnzymeD. Ligase -Molecular scissors |
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Answer» Correct Answer - a Agrabacterium tumefaciens (updated scientific name: Rhizobium radiobacter) is the causal agent of crown gall desease ( the formation of tumour ) in over 140 species of dicot. It is a rod-shaped, Gram negative soil bacterium (Smith, et. Al, 1907). Symptoms are caused by the insertion of a small segment of DNA, known as T-DNA (transfer DNA) into the plant cell, which is incomporated at a semi-random location into the plant geneme. |
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| 778. |
In pBR 322 `amp^(R) and "tet"^(R)` gene are present. When we ligate a foreign DNA at Pst-I site, then recombinant plasmids will lose the resistance to theA. AmpicillinB. TetracyclineC. Both A and BD. None of the above |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A In pBR 322 `amp^(R) and "tet"^(R)` genes are present. When we ligate a foreign DNA at Pst-I site, then recombinant plasmids will lose the resistance to the ampicilin because when we ligate a foreign DNA at the Pst-I site of `amp^(R)` gene, the recombinant plasmid will close ampicillin resistance due to insertion of foreign DNA. |
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| 779. |
Which is correctly matched?A. Agrobacterium tumifaciens - TumourB. pBR 322 -EnzymeC. Thermus aguaticus -Bt geneD. Ligase -Molecular scissors |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A `**` pBR 322-Plasmid/vector `**` Thermus aquaticus -DNA polymerase `**` pBR 322 is a plasmid (4361 bp) developed by Bolivar and Rodriguez in 1977, used in rDNA technology and genetic engineering. `**` Ligase -Joining DNA fragments `**` Hind II-Resstriction enzyme |
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| 780. |
Plasmids are suitable vectors for gene cloning because they areA. Small circular DNA molecules with their own origin of replication siteB. Small circular DNA molecules which can integrate with host chromosmal DNAC. Having antibiotic genesD. Able to shuttle between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Plasmids are suitable vectors for gene cloning because they are small circular DNA molecules with their own origin of replication site |
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| 781. |
Plasmids are ideal vectors for gene cloning as they :A. can be multiplied by culturingB. replicate freely outside the bacterial cellsC. are self-replicating within the bacterial cellD. can be multiplied in a laboratory using enzyme |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 782. |
Plasmids are vectors for gene cloning because theyA. Self replicate in bacterial cellsB. Replicate freely outside bacterial cellsC. Can be multiplied in cultureD. Can be multiplied in laboratories using enzymes |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Plasmids are vectors for gene cloning because they self replicate in bacterial cells |
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| 783. |
A suitable vector for gene cloning in higher organism isA. adenovirusB. retrovirusC. Salmonella typhimuriumD. Neurospora crassa |
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Answer» Correct Answer - b Vector is DNA molecule that has the ability to replicate autonomously in an appropriate host cell and into which the DNA fragment to be cloned is intergrated for cloning. In higher organism retroviruses vectors are used, while Baculovirus vectors are used for production of transgenic proteins in silkworm. |
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| 784. |
Amplification of gene of interest by using DNA polymerase may go uptoA. 0.1 million timesB. 1.0 million timesC. 1.0 billion timesD. 1.0 trillion times |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Amplification of gene of interest by using PCR may go up to 0.1 billion |
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| 785. |
Plasmids are suitable vectors for gene cloning because they areA. are small circular DNA molecules, which can integrate with host chromosomal DNAB. are small circular DNA molecular with their own replication origin siteC. can shuttle between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cellsD. often carry antibiotic resistance genes |
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Answer» Correct Answer - b Plasmids replicate autonomously. These carry a signal situated at their replication origin, which determines how many copies are to be made and this number can be artifically increased for cloning a given gene. |
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| 786. |
Gene amplification using primers can be done by :A. MicroinjectionB. ELISAC. Polymerase chain reactionD. Gene gun |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Gene amplification using primers can be done by polymerae chain reaction (PCR) |
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| 787. |
PCR proceeds in three distinct steps governed by temperature they are in order of :A. Denaturation, synthesis, annealingB. Annealing, synthesis, denaturationC. Synthesis, annealing, denaturationD. Denaturation, annealing, synthesis |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D PCR proceeds in three distinct steps governed by temperature. They are in order of denaturation, annealing and synthesis/extension. |
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| 788. |
PCR proceeds in three distinct steps governed by temperature they are in order of :A. Symthesis ,Annealing , DenaturationB. Annealing, Synthesis, DenaturationC. Denaturation, Synthesis, AnnealingD. Denaturation, Annealing, Synthesis |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 789. |
Primers are usually ……………… long .A. 2-4 nucleotideB. 5-8 nucleotideC. 30-45 nucleotideD. 10-18 nucleotide |
| Answer» Correct Answer - d | |
| 790. |
PCR proceeds in three distinct steps governed by temperature they are in order of :A. Denaturation, Annealing, SynthesisB. Synthesis, Annealing, DenaturationC. Annealing, Synthesis, DenaturationD. Denaturation, Synthesis, Annealing |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 791. |
A thermostable DNA polymerase, which remains active in high temperature induced denaturation of double-standed DNA is isolated from a bacteriumA. E. coliB. Thermus aquaticusC. SalmonellaD. A. tumefaciens |
| Answer» Correct Answer - b | |
| 792. |
Who among the following was awarded the Nobel Prize for the development of PCR tech- nique?A. Herbert BoyerB. Hargovind KhuranaC. Kary MullisD. Arthur Kornberg |
| Answer» Correct Answer - c | |
| 793. |
Which of the following enzymes is used in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ?A. Taq polymeraseB. Vent polymeraseC. Both of theseD. None of these |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C In addition to Taq polymerase, another enzyme vent polymerase is used in PCR. The latter is obtained from Thermococcus litoralis. |
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| 794. |
The heat stable enzymes used in PCR during denaturation isA. Reverse transcriptaseB. RNA polymeraseC. Taq polymeraseD. Both (a) and (b) |
| Answer» Correct Answer - c | |
| 795. |
Which vector can clone only a small fragment of DNA ?A. PlasmidB. Bacterial artifical chromosomeC. CosmidD. Yeast artifical chromosome |
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Answer» Correct Answer - a Plasmid is a small fragment of DNA (about of Kbp size) that is physically separate form and can replicate freely of chromosomal DNA within a cell. It can clone small DNA fragments. Cosmid - 45 kbp BAC - 300-350 kbp YAC - 1 Mbp/1000-2500 Kbp |
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| 796. |
Commonly used vectors for human genome sequencing areA. T-DNAB. BAC and YACC. Expression vectorsD. T/A cloning vectors |
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Answer» Correct Answer - b Commonly used vector for human genome sequencing are BAC and YAC. BAC is a DNA construct, based on a functional fertility plasmid (F-plasmid) used for genetically engineered chromosomes derived from the DNA of the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae which is then ligated into a bacterial plasma. |
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| 797. |
Identify the steps that are involved in PCR I. Denaturation II. Annealing III. Extension IV. Downstream processingA. II, IV and IIIB. I IV and IIC. I, II and IIID. I, III and IV |
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Answer» Correct Answer - c Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) enables to produce millions of copies of a specific DNA sequences. It was developed in 1983 Kary Mullis. It involves following steps (i) Denaturation (ii) Annealing (iii) Extension |
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| 798. |
An analysis of chromosomal DNA using the southern hybridization technique does not useA. electrophoresisB. blottingC. autoreadiographyD. PCR |
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Answer» Correct Answer - d Southern hybridisation is a technique used in molecular biology for detection of a specific DNA sequence in DNA samples, Except PCR, we use all three methods such as electrophoresis, blotting and autoradiography. PCR is a method used for the amplification of DNA sample. In vitro clonal propagation is characterised by PCR and RAPD. |
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| 799. |
What is the first step in the Southern Blot techniqueA. Denaturation of DNA on the gel for hybridisation with specific probeB. Production of a group of genetically identical cellsC. Digestion of DNA by restriction enzymeD. Denaturation of DNA from a nucleated cell such as the one from the scene of crime |
| Answer» Correct Answer - c | |
| 800. |
A free-living nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium which can also form symbiotic association with the water fern Azolla is :A. AnabaenaB. TolypothrixC. ChlorellaD. Nostoc |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |