InterviewSolution
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InterviewSolution
This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 1. |
Atomic number of Chlorine is 17. What is the number of electrons in the valence shell of Chlorine? |
| Answer» Atomic Number of Chlorine is 17, Electronic configuration in 2, 8, 7. Therefore, number of electrons in valence shell is 7. | |
| 2. |
With the help of an example explain what is meant by homologous series. |
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Answer» (i) You have seen that chains of different length are formed by joining the carbon atoms to each other. Moreover you have also seen that a functional group can take place of hydrogen atom on these chains. (ii) As a result, large number of compounds are formed having same functional group but different length of carbon chain. For example, there are many compounds such as `CH_(3)-OH, CH_(3)-CH_(2)-OH, CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-OH, CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2OH` which contain alcohol as the functional group. (iii) Though the length of the carbon chain in them is different, their chemical properties are very much similar due to the presence of the same functional group in them. (iv) The series of compounds formed by joining the same functional group in the place of a particular a hydrogen atom on the chains having sequentially increasing length is called homologous series. (v) There are different homologous series accordance with the functional group. For example, homologous series homologous homologous series of aldehydes, etc. (vi) All the members of the homologous series are homologues of each other. Homologous series of alkanes is: `CH_(4)"Methane" " "C_(2)H_(6)"Ethane"` C_(3)H_(8)"Propane"" "C_(4)H_(10)"Butane"` |
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| 3. |
Which of the following is the second member of the alkene homologous series ?A. ButyneB. PropeneC. EhteneD. Pentene |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 4. |
How many methylene units are less in the formula of the second member than the third member of two homologous series of alkenes? |
| Answer» One unit of methylene `(-CH_2-)` is less in the formula of the second member than the third member of the homologous series of alkenes. | |
| 5. |
By how many `-CH_2-` (methylene) units do the formulae and the first two members of homologous series of alkane, methane `(CH_4)` and ethane `(C_2H_6)` differ? Similarly, by how many `-CH_2-` Units do the neighbouring members ethane `(C_2H_6)` and propane `(C_3H_8)` differ from each other? |
| Answer» Methane and ethane differ by one `-CH_(2^(-))` unit. Also in ethane and propane differ by one `-CH_2-` unit. | |
| 6. |
How many methylene units are extra in the formula of the fourth member than the third members of the homologous series of alcohols? |
| Answer» There is only one extra unit of methylene `(-CH_2-)` in the formula of the fourth member than the third member of the homologous series of alcohol. | |
| 7. |
Diamond and graphite have the same.........A. chemical propertiesB. degree of hardnessC. electrical conductivityD. physical forms |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A::C | |
| 8. |
Monomer of polythene is.A. `CH-=CH`B. `CH_(2)=CH_(2)`C. `CH_(3)-CH_(3)`D. `C_(2)H_(5)-C_(2)H_(5)` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B::C | |
| 9. |
Gas evolved during fermentation...........A. `O_(2)`B. COC. `H_(2)`D. `CO_2` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B::C | |
| 10. |
Catenation |
| Answer» Carbon has a anique ability to form strong Covalent bonds with othe carbon atoms, this results in formation of big molecules. This property of carbon is called Catenation power | |
| 11. |
IUPAC name of `CH_3-CH_3` isA. etheneB. ethaneC. ethyneD. ethyne |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 12. |
Graphite is a good conductor of electricity. |
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Answer» (i) Graphite is an crystalline allotrope of carbon. (ii) In its structure, each carbon is attached to three other carbon atoms, forming a hexagonal planar structure. (iii), These hexagonal rings form layer on one another. Thus, in graphite many free electrons move throughout the entire layers, (iv) These free electrons help in conduction of electricity, (v) Hence, graphite is a good conductor of electricity. |
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| 13. |
What is catenation ? Name two elements which show the property of catenation . |
| Answer» Catenation is the capacity of an atom to form bonds with other atoms of the same element. Carbon and silicon show the property of cartenation. | |
| 14. |
The sodium salt of a long - chain fatty acid is called _____ |
| Answer» Correct Answer - soap | |
| 15. |
The IUPAC name of isobutane is ______ |
| Answer» methy propane | |
| 16. |
Carbon can form a large number of compounds. |
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Answer» Atomic number of carbon is 6 and its electronic configuration is (2,4). (i) An atom of carbon has four valence electrons. (ii) It can share these electrons with other carbon atoms and also with hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur etc. (iii) Carbon also shows the property of catenation. By virtue of this property, it can form a variety of chain and ring structures, with different shapes, sizes and molecular mass. (iv) Thus, carbon can form a large number of compounds. |
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| 17. |
Why are carbon and its compounds used as fuels for most application? |
| Answer» Carbon and its compounds undergo combustion to produce heat, the amount of heat released can be handled and used, so that they can be used as fuels for most application. | |
| 18. |
State the physical properties of ethanoic acid. |
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Answer» Physical properties of ethanoic acid are: (i) Ethanoic acid is a colourless liquid. (ii) Boiling point of ethanoic acid is `118^@C`. (iii) Melting point of ethanoic acid is `17^(@)C`. (iv) Ethanoic acid is commonly called as acetic acid and the frozen ethanoic acid is called glacial acetic acid. |
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| 19. |
The functional group present in ` C_(2)H_(5)CO_(2)H` is ______ |
| Answer» Correct Answer - `CO_(2)` H | |
| 20. |
The proportion of carbon atoms in ethanol `(C_(6)H_5OH)` and naphthalene `(C_10H_8)` |
| Answer» `{:(,"Compound","The number of carbon atoms"),(,"Ethanol",2),(,"Naphthalene",10):}` | |
| 21. |
State some of the physical properties of covalent compounds. |
| Answer» Some physical properties of covalent compounds are i) They have low melting and boiling points. ii) They are generally insoluble in water but soluble in other organic solvents iii) They are poor conductors of heat and electricity. | |
| 22. |
What is the functional group present in the following compound ? Also name the compound . `CH_(3)-overset(H)overset(|) underset(OH)underset(|)C - overset(H)overset(|) underset(H)underset(|)C-CH_(3)` |
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Answer» Functional group : alcohol (-OH) Name : 2. butanol |
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| 23. |
Give the names of the following compounds : `(i) CH_(3) - CH_(2) -CH_(2) -CH(OH)-CH_(3)` (ii) `CH_(3)-CH_(2)-CH_(2)-COOH` |
| Answer» (i) 2- pentanol (ii) Butanoic acid | |
| 24. |
The compound `C_(5)H_(12)` can be represented by the following two structures. (i) `CH_(3)-CH_(2)-CH_(2)_CH_(2)-CH_(3)` (ii) ` CH_(3)- underset(CH_(3))underset(|)(CH)-CH_(2) -CH_(3)` These two structures are relatedto each other asA. allotropesB. isotopesC. isobarsD. isomers |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 25. |
The fundamental organic compounds are also known as compounds.A. parentB. fatherC. motherD. daughter |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 26. |
Name the funtional groups present in each of the following compounds : (i) ` CH_(3)-CO-CH_(2)-CH_(3)` (ii) ` CH_(3)-CH_(2)-COOH` (iii) ` CH_(3)-CHO` (iv) `CH_(3)-CH_(2)OH` |
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Answer» (i) Carbonyl group (-CO-) (ii) Carboxyl group (-COOH) (iii) Aldehyde group (-CHO) (iv) Alcoholic group (-OH) |
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| 27. |
Which of the following reactions is an esterification one ?A. ` 2CH_(3)OH +2Na to 2CH_(3) Ona+H_(2)`B. `CH_(3)COOH+NaOH to CH_(3)COONa+H_(2)O`C. `CH_(3)COOH+ C_(2)H_(5)OH to CH_(3)COOC_(2)H_(5) +H_(2)O`D. `C_(2)H_(5)OH to C_(2)H_(4)+H_(2))` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 28. |
What are macromolecules? Explain Natural and manmade macromolecule. |
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Answer» The number of the known carbon compounds is as large as about 10 million and the range of their molecular masses is as large as `10^1-10^2-` (ii) The giant carbon molecules formed from hundreds or thousands of atoms are called macromolecules. Natural macromolecules: (i) The natural macromolecules namely polysaccharides, proteins and nucleic acids are the supporting Master Key Science and Technology Part-1 (Std. X) pillars of the living world. (ii) We get food, clothing and shelter from polysaccharides, namely starch and cellulose. (iii) Proteins constitute a large part of the bodies of animals and also are responsible for their movement and various physiological processes. (iv) Nucleic acids control the heredity at molecular level. Rubber is another type of natural macromolecule. Man-made macromolecule: (i) Today manmade macromolecules are in use in every walk of life. (ii) Manmade fibres which have strength along the length similar to natural fibres cotton, wool and silk (iii) Elastomers which have the elastic property of rubber, plastics from which innumerable types of articles, sheets, pipes are made. (iv) All these are examples of manmade macromolecules. |
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| 29. |
What is esterification and give its uses? |
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Answer» Esterification is the reaction in which esters are formed by reaction between carboxylic acid and an alcohol in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid `"Alcohol "+ "Carboxylic acid" to " Ester "+ "water"` For e.g. Ethanoic acid reacts with ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst and ester, ethyl ethanoate is formed. `underset("Ethanol")(C_(2)H_(5)OH)+underset("Ethanoic acid")(CH_(3)COOH )underset("catalyst")overset("acid")to underset(("Ester (ethyl ethanoate"))(CH_(3)COO-C_(2)H_(5))+underset("Water")(H_(2)O)` Uses: They are used for making fragrances and flavouring agents. e.g.: flavouring in ice-cream and sweets. |
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| 30. |
Observe the apparatus and chemicals given below and answer the following questions: Apparatus : Test tube, beakers, burner etc. Chemicals : Glacial ethanoic acid, ethanol, concentrated Sulphuric acid etc. Which reaction will you study using above apparatus and chemicals? Draw a neat labelled diagram for the experimental set up. |
| Answer» We will be able to study the esterification reaction. Substances having ester as the functional group are formed by the reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. | |
| 31. |
How will you identify that the reaction has occurred? |
| Answer» 1 ml of ethanol is mixed with 1 ml of glacial ethanoic acid in a test tube and a few drops of concentrated sulphuric acid is added to this mixture. This tube is heated using hot water bath for five minutes. This mixture is powered into 20-0 ml of water in a breaker. If we get a sweet odour the reaction is complete, as the esters have sweet odour. | |
| 32. |
Write chemical equation involved in this experiment. |
| Answer» Ethanoic acid reacts with ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst and ester, ethyl ethanoate is formed. `underset("Ethanoic acid")(CH_(3)COOH)+underset("Ethanol")(CH_(3)CH_(2))-OH underset("Catalyst")overset("Acid")to underset(("ethyl ethanoate"))(CH_(3))-COO-CH_(2)-CH_(2)+CH_(2)+underset("Water")(H_(2)O)` | |
| 33. |
Unsaturated hydrocarbons |
| Answer» Hydrocarbons in which carbon atoms are linked to each other by double or triple bonds are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. e.g. Ethene, `(C_2H_4)," ""Ethene"(C_(2)H_(2))` `H-underset(H)underset(|)(C)overset(downarrow)(=)underset(H)underset(|)(C)-H `H-C overset(downarrow)=-H` | |
| 34. |
What are the products obtained on complete combustion of hydrocarbons?........A. `CO+H_(2)O`B. `CO_(2)+H_(2)O`C. `CO_(2)+H_(2)O`D. `CO+H_(2)` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B::C | |
| 35. |
`C_(n)H_(2n)` is the general formula of _____ |
| Answer» Correct Answer - alkenes | |
| 36. |
The hydrocarbons with the general formula `C_(n)H_(2n-2)`are called |
| Answer» Correct Answer - alkynes | |
| 37. |
Draw the electron- dot structure and structel formula of ethyne. |
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Answer» H : C :: C : H (electron -dot structure ) H - C `-= C - H` (structural fromula ) |
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