Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

This section includes 7 InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Current Affairs knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.

1.

Mention the starting material to produce silicons.

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SOLUTION :The starting materials for the manufacture of silicones are alkyl or ARYL substituted SILICON chlorides , `RnSiCl_((4-n))`, where R is alkyl or aryl group.
Discussion
2.

Mention the shortest and longest diatomic molecules.

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Solution :The shortest DIATOMIC molecule is hydrogen.
The bond length is `H_(2)` is only 74 PM.
The LONGEST diatomic molecule is iodine.
The bond length in `I_(2)` is 267 pm.
Discussion
3.

Mention the shape of s,p,d orbitals.

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SOLUTION :Shape of s-orbitals. - sphere
Shape of p- orbitals - dumb bell
Shape of d-orbitals- clover LEAF
Discussion
4.

Mention the relation between free energy change in entropy and change in enthalpy.

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SOLUTION :`DELTA G = Delta H - T Delta S`
Discussion
5.

Mention the relation between degree Fahrengeit and degree celsius.

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ANSWER :`.^(@)F=9/5(.^(@)C)+32`
Discussion
6.

Mention the property of electromagnetic radiation (wave nature or particle nature or both) that can best explain the following phenomena- (i) photoelectric effect (ii) interference (iii) black body radiation (iv) diffraction (v)Planck's equation (E=hv) (vi) Einstein's equation (E=mc^2)

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Solution :(i) particle nature
(II) WAVE nature
(III) Particle nature
(iv) wave nature
(v) Both wave and particle nature
(vi) particle nature.
Discussion
7.

Mention the only liquid at room temperature that has no molecule.

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SOLUTION :Mercury is the only LIQUID that has atoms. The force of ATTRACTION is metallic bond.
Discussion
8.

Mention the overlapping present in (a) H_(2), (b) Cl_(2), © HCl

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SOLUTION :s-s, p-p, s-p
Discussion
9.

Mention the number of isomeric ethers having molecule formula, C_(5)H_(12)O. Write their names.

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ANSWER :6
Discussion
10.

Mention the nature of bonding of the following molecules/ions, CaH_(2),BH_(4)^(-),Na_(2)O_(2),SiH_(4)

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SOLUTION :
Discussion
11.

Mention the nature of an aqueous solution of borax.

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SOLUTION :BASIC in NATURE.
Discussion
12.

Mention the names of the elements with atomic number 101 ,102,109 and 110.

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SOLUTION :Z=101IUPAC NAME: Mendelevium
Z=102IUPAC name: Nobelium
Z=109IUPAC name: Meitnerium
Z=110IUPAC name: DARMSTADTIUM
Discussion
13.

Mention the methods used for liquifaction of gases.

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Solution :(i). Linde.s method: Joule-Thomson effect is used to get liquid air or any other gas.
(II). Claude.s process: In addition to Joule-Thomson effect, the gas is allowed to perfom mechanical work so that more cooling is produced.
(iii). ADIABATIC process: this method of cooling is produced by removing the magnetic property of magnetic material e.g. Gadolinium sulphate. by this method, a temperature of `10^(-4)K` i.e., as low as zero kelvin can be achieved.
Discussion
14.

Mention the mass of neutron.

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SOLUTION :`1.675xx 10^(-21)` KG(1.00866 AMU)
Discussion
15.

Mention the main constituents of Portland cement ?

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Solution :Dicalcium SILICATE (26%) , tricalcium silicate (51%) and tricalcium ALUMINATE (11%).
Discussion
16.

Mention the main causes for water pollution.

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SOLUTION :Causes of water POLLUTIONS are : (i) Pathogens (ii) ORGANIC wastes (iii) CHEMICAL POLLUTANTS.
Discussion
17.

Mention the limitations of second Law of thermodynamics.

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Solution :The SECOND LAW of thermodynamics can not give any information about the RATE of reaction.
Discussion
18.

Mention the IUPAC name of the following compound. underset(OH)underset(|)(CH_(2))-CH_(2)-CH_(2)-underset(O)underset(||)(C)-CH_(3)

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ANSWER :5-hydroxy pentan-2-one
Discussion
19.

Mention the harmful effect of ultra violet radiations.

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Solution :UV radiations lead to AGEING of SKIN, cataract, SUNBURN, skin cancer, KILLING of many photo-planktons, DAMAGE to fish productivity etc.
Discussion
20.

Mention the fractors affecting enthalpy of reaction.

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SOLUTION :(1) Physical state of the REACTANTS and the product, (2) AMOUNT of the reactants and product. (3) TEMPERATURE of the reaction, (4) ALLOTROPIC form (5) Condition of constant volume or constant pressure, (6) Reaction stoichiometry.
Discussion
21.

Explain the factors favourable for the formation of Ionic Compounds.

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Solution :Small size, LOW IP, High ELECTRONEGATIVITY, high CHARGE on ions, high lattice ENERGY are the factors.
Discussion
22.

Mention the factors fovauring covanlent bond.

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Solution :In covalent molecule the combining atoms should have
(1) High ionization energy
(2) High electron affinity
(3) Small or equal electronegative
(4) SMALLER atomic size
(5) Contain unparied electron with opposition spin
(6) ATTAIN octect structure.
(7) Smaller intermolecular distance.
Discussion
23.

Mention the equation of entropy change for the expansion of an ideal gas in vacuum.

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SOLUTION :`DELTAS = 2.303 R LOG""(V_2)/( V_1) `
Discussion
24.

Mention the effects of acid rain.

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Solution :Acid rain is harmful for agriculture, trees and plants as it DISSOLVES and washes away nutrients needed for their growth.
It causes respiratory ailments in HUMAN beings and animals.
When acid rain falls and flows as ground water to reach rivers, lakes etc. it affects plants and animal life in aquatic ECOSYSTEM.
It corrodes water pipes resulting in the leaching of heavy metals such as iron, lead and copper into the DRINKING water. Acid rain damages buildings and other structures made of stone or metal. The Taj Mahal in India has been affected by acid rain.
Discussion
25.

Mention the effect of chemical pollutants on human body.

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Solution :Chemical pollutants can DAMAGE kidneys, central nervous system, LIVER in HUMAN BODY.
Discussion
26.

Mention the conjugate acid of SO_(4)^(2-)

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ANSWER :`HSO_(4)^(-1)`
Discussion
27.

Mention the conjugate base of H_(2)SO_(4)

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ANSWER :`HSO_(4)^(-)`
Discussion
28.

Mention the conditions to maximise the yield of ammonia.

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Solution :Ammonia is prepared by the HABER's process.

In accordance with Le Chatelier's principle, to MAXIMIZE the yield, a high PRESSURE of `200xx10^(5)` Pa is USED. To increase the rate the reaction a temperature of around 700K is used and iron OXIDE mixed with some `K_(2)OandAl_(2)O_(3)` is used as a catalyst. Sometimes, Mo is also used as a promoter to increase the efficient of the Fe catalyst.
Discussion
29.

Mention the conditions for combination of atomic orbitals.

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SOLUTION :The conditions for the combination of atomic orbitals are
1) The combining atomic orbitals should have comparable energy. 1s orbital can combine with ANOTHER 1 s orbital but not with 2s orbital. 2) The combining atomic orbitals should have the same symmetry about the moecular axis. For example : 2p orbital can combine with 2s orbital or another `2p_(z)` orbital but not with `2p_(x)or2p_(y)`.
2s cannot combine with `2p_(x)or2p_(y)`
3) The combining atomic orbitals MUST overlap to the MAXIMUM extent.
Discussion
30.

Mention the components of photochemical song and its effects.

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Solution :The common components of photochemical smog are ozone, nitric OXIDE, acrolein, formaldehyde and PEROXYACETYL NITRATE (PAN).
Photochemical smog causes serious HEALTH problems. Both ozone and PAN act as powerful eye irritants.
Ozone and nitric oxide irritate the nose and throat and their high concentration causes headache, chest pain, dryness of the throat, cough and difficulty in breathing.
Photochemical smog leads to cracking of RUBBER and extensive damage to plant life. It also causes corrosion of metals, stones, building materials, rubber and painted surfaces.
Discussion
31.

Mention the characteristics of entropy.

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SOLUTION :(i) Entropy is the measurement of randomness.
(II) Entropy is a state function
(III) Entropy is EXTENSIVE PROPERTY.
Discussion
32.

Mention the characteristics of covalent compounds.

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SOLUTION :i. They are non-polar COMPOUNDS insoluble in water and soluble in non-polar solvent LIKE benzene `,"CC"l_4` .
ii. They POSSES low melting and boiling points.
iii. They don.t conduct electricity.
Discussion
33.

mention the change in hybridisation (if any) of the AI-atom in the reaction:AlCl_(3) +Cl^(-) to AlCl_(4)^(-).

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SOLUTION :In `AlCl_(3)`, Al-atom is `SP^(2)`-hybridised, but in `AlCl_(4)^(-)`, Al-atom is `sp^(3)`-hybridised.
Discussion
34.

Mention the characteristic of covalent molecule.

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SOLUTION :(1) They are generally gases or liquid or soft solid
(2) Insoluble in polar solvent & soluble in NON polar solvent.
(3) They do not conduct.
(4) They always exists in its molecular state but not in IONIC state.
(5) They have fixed directio in space.
(6) they show isomerism.
(7) They do not undergoes electrolysis hence called non-electrolytes.
Discussion
35.

Mention the anomalous behaviour of carbon.

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Solution :The anomalous behaviours of CARBON are : (a ) Diamond is the allotropic form of carbon and it is the HARDEST compared to other members of group 14 . (b ) Carbon has a HIGH MP and BP than other ELEMENTS of group 14 . (c ) Carbon can form `pi` - bonds with other elements LIKE O and N. Other members of group 14 cannot form `pi` - bonds . (d) Maximum covalency of carbon is 4 whereas other elements like Si and Ge can have a covalency of 6.
Discussion
36.

Mention some characteristics of ionization energy.

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SOLUTION :(i) Ionization is a always an endothermic process it ABSORBS energy.
(ii) Ionization energies always INCREASE in the order,`I.E_(1)ltI.E_(2)ltE_(3)`
(iii)Ionization energy measurements are carried out with ATOMS in the gaseous state.
Discussion
37.

Mention one use of Chromatography.

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Solution :CHROMATOGRAPHY is USED to:
a. Separate MIXUTRE into their components.
B. Purify components
c. test the purity of COMPOUNDS.
Discussion
38.

Mention one significance for each of the four quantum numbers.

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Solution :n= size of the ATOM
1= ORIENTATION, shape
m= subduel (s,p,d,F)
s= SPIN of ELECTRONS.
Discussion
39.

Mention one property which is caused due to the presence of F-centre ina solid .

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SOLUTION :F-centre is RESPONSIBLE for the COLOUR and paramagnetic BEHAVIOUR of the solid.
Discussion
40.

Mention one property which is caused due to the presence of F-centre in a solid

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Solution :F-centre is RESPONSIBLE for the colour and PARAMAGNETIC BEHAVIOUR of the SOLID
Discussion
41.

Mention Na_(2)CrO_(4) by stock notation method.

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SODIUM dichromate (VI)
Sodium CHROMATE (VI)
Chromium (VI) OXIDE
Sodium chromate (VI)

Answer :B
Discussion
42.

Mention main product of reaction of benzene with 1-chloropropane.

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Solution :
Main PRODUCT isopropyl BENZENE is obtained because `2^(@)` carbocation is obtained by rearrangement of intermediate carbocation.

`1^(@)`-carbocation of product is converting into more stable `2^(@)`-carbocation so on REACTION of benzene with `CH_(3)CH_(3)CH_(2)Cl` the main product 1-phenyl propane is not formed.
Discussion
43.

Mention isotops of boron.

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SOLUTION :Boron has TWO ISOTOPS :
(i)`.^10B` (19%)and (II)`.^11B` (81%)
Discussion
44.

Mention conjugate base of acid H_2PO_4^(1-)

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`HPO_4^(1-)`
`HPO_4^(2-)`
`H_3PO_4`
`PO_4^(3-)`

ANSWER :B
Discussion
45.

Mention catenation order for group 14 elements.

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Solution :Catenation order : `C GT gt SI gt Ge approx Sn, PB` does not shows catenation.
Discussion
46.

Mention brirfthe contribution of scientist in Periodic table.OR Write a note on Genesis of Peridodic table.

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SOLUTION :
Discussion
47.

Mention any two thermodynamic criteria for spontaneousprocess.

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SOLUTION :CHANGE in ENTHALPY should be POSITIVE and change in ENTROPY should be positive.
Discussion
48.

Mention any two examples for free radical initiators?

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SOLUTION :Two example for FREE RADICAL initiators,
(i) Azobisisobutyronitrile(AIBN) (II)Benzoyl peroxide
Discussion
49.

Mention any two biological effects of D_(2)O.

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Answer :`D_(2)O` retards the growth of LIVING ORGANISMS LIKE plants and ANIMALS.
Discussion
50.

Mention any two characteristies of ionic compounds.

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Solution :1. They have HIGH MELTING POINT.
2. Many of it are solid in nature.
3. Does not conduct in solid state but good conductors is fused or aqueous state.
4. Soluble in polar solvent and INSOLUBLE in non-polar solvent.
5. Ionic bond is non-directional.
6. They do not exhibit Isomerism.
Discussion