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1.

Which one of the following can help in the diagnosis of genetical basis of a disorderA. ELISAB. ABO Blood groupC. PCRD. NMR

Answer» Correct Answer - C
(c) PCR is a method for amplifying a specific region of DNA molecule and thus, can help in the diagnosis of genetical basis of disorder
Discussion
2.

Which of the following is a matching pair of the vector and the diseaseA. Culex-FilariasisB. Housefly-Yellow feverC. Body louse-TyphoidD. Sandfly-Plague

Answer» Correct Answer - A
(a) Culex fatigans is a biological vector for Wuchereria bancrofti. Filariasis or elephantiasis is caused by a nematode Wuchereria bancrofti which is transmitted through the bite of Culex fatigans mosquito. In this disease, there is huge enlargement of the diseased (affected) organ.
Discussion
3.

Coronary heart disease is due toA. Streptococci bacteriaB. Inflammation of pericardiumC. Weaking of the heart valvesD. Insufficient blood supply to the heart muscles

Answer» Correct Answer - D
(d) Coronary heart disease is due to insuffiecient blood supply to the heart muscle. Main function of the coronary arteries is to supply oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle and remove `CO_(2)` and other metabolic wastes. But due to narrowing and hardening of these arteries due to accumulation of fatty deposits, lead to clot formation and resulting in the blockage of blood supply to a part of heart. These includes angina pectoris, heart attack and rheumatic heart disease.
Discussion
4.

Which of these is most infectious diseaseA. Hepatitis-BB. AIDSC. Cough and coldD. Malaria

Answer» Correct Answer - A
(a) Hepatitis may be transmittted via blood transfusions, contaminated equipment, unsterile needles, or any body secretion like saliva, sweat, semen, breast milk, urine, faeces.
Discussion
5.

Which one of the following ia a common disease caused by virus or Which one of the disease is not transmitted by house fliesA. Yellow feverB. TyphoidC. SyphilisD. Tetanus

Answer» Correct Answer - A
(a) Yellow fever, a viral disease is transmitted by mosquitoes of various species of Stegomyia genera.
Discussion
6.

Which of the following disease is now considered nearly eradicated from IndiaA. PlagueB. Kala azarC. Small poxD. Poliomyelitis

Answer» Correct Answer - C
(c) Small pox is an acute highly communicable disease. It is caused by virus named variola virus. Now it is nearly eradicated from India.
Discussion
7.

Which of the following viruses is not transferred through semen of an infected maleA. Human immunodeficiency virusB. Chikungunya virusC. Ebola virusD. Hepatitis B virus

Answer» Correct Answer - B
(b) Chikungunia virus spread by Ades mosquito.
Discussion
8.

Assertion : Escherichia coli, Shigella sp. And salmonella sp. Are all responsible for diarrhoeal diseases. Reason : Dehydration is common to all types of diarrhoeal disease and adequate supply of fluids and electrolytes should be ensured.A. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertionB. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not correct explanation of the assertion.C. If the assertion is true but the reason is falseD. If both the assertion and reason are false

Answer» Correct Answer - B
(b)
Discussion
9.

Assertion: Epstein - Barr virus is an oncovirus. Reason: It stimulates the growth of cancer.A. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertionB. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not correct explanation of the assertion.C. If the assertion is true but the reason is falseD. If both the assertion and reason are false

Answer» Correct Answer - A
(a) Oncoviruses are cancer-causing viruses and may be DNA or RNA virus e.g., Epstein-Barr-Virus, Herpes simplex type 2 virus etc. This shows that the development of cancerous tumour is associated with certain genes.
Discussion
10.

Where will you look for the sporozoites of malarial parasite ?A. Salivary glands of freshly moulted female Anopheles mosquitoB. Saliva of infected female Anopheles mosquitoC. Red blood corpuscles of humans suffering from malariaD. Spleen of infected humans

Answer» Correct Answer - B
(b) Sporozoites are the infective stage of malaria parasite. They present in the saliva of infected female Anopheles Mosquito.
Discussion
11.

All the diseases are spread by housefly exceptA. LeprosyB. DysenteryC. TyphoidD. Sleeping sickness

Answer» Correct Answer - D
(d) Sleeping sickness is spread by tse-tse fly.
Discussion
12.

Which of the following pairs is not correctly matchedA. Dengue fever- ArbovirusB. Plague- Yersinia pestisC. Syphilis- Trichuris trichiuraD. Sleeping sickness - Trypanosoma gambiense

Answer» Correct Answer - C
(c) Syphillis a sexually transmitted disease (STD) is caused by Treponema pallidum.
Discussion
13.

Infection of Entamoeba histolytica can be checked byA. Bathing before taking mealsB. Covering the food articlesC. Washing hands before taking mealsD. Washing the vegetables before their consumption

Answer» Correct Answer - C
(c) By washing the hands, we can avoid the ingestion of cysts. Cysts are responsible for infection.
Discussion
14.

Entamoeba gingivalis lives in theA. InstestineB. ColonC. Pus pockets of pyorrhoeaD. Intestines and colon

Answer» Correct Answer - C
(c) Entamoeba gingivalis livers in the buccal cavity of man. It causes ulcers in gums, which are invaded by pus forming bacteria. Entamoeba gingivalis feeds on bacteria also.
Discussion
15.

Alteration of which genes leads to cancerA. Cell proliferation gene (proto-oncogenes)B. Tumor suppressor geneC. Tumor virus geneD. All of these

Answer» Correct Answer - A
(a) In human being cancer is caused by extra-activation of certain genes called proto-oncogenes into cellular oncogenes. Proto- oncogenes typically encode proteins receptors, signal transduction proteins, and transcription factors. Multation in these genes tend to relax control mechanisms and accelerate cell division, leading to cell proliferation that is characteristic of cancer. Tumor suppressor gene normally keeps mitosis in check & prevent cancer from occuring.
Discussion
16.

Which of the following is one of the direct cause of cancerA. ObesityB. Inadequate `O_(2)` supplyC. AtherosclerosisD. Hypertension

Answer» Correct Answer - B
(b) Oxygen free radical released can destroy cancerous cells.
Discussion
17.

Bones becomes fragile inA. GoutB. OsteoporosisC. ArthritisD. None of these

Answer» Correct Answer - B
(b) Osteoporosis is a reduction in bone tissue mass causing weakness of skeletal strength, thus, bones become fragile. It results from excessive resorption of calcium and phosphorus from the bone.
Discussion
18.

Which one of the following is not a property of cancerous cells whereas the remaining three areA. They compete with normal cells for vital nutrientsB. They do not remain confined in the area of formationC. They divide in an uncontrolled mannerD. They show contact inhibition

Answer» Correct Answer - D
(d) Contant Inhibition is a property of normal cell not of cancer cells.
Discussion
19.

It causes cancer of vaginaA. Cadmium oxideB. DiethylstibestrolC. AfflatoxinD. Vinyl chloride

Answer» Correct Answer - B
(b) Cancer is caused by physical, chemical and biological factors. These factors are called carcinogens. Some of the carcinogens and their target tissues are `{:( "Cadmium oxcide" - " Prostate gland"), ( "Diethylstibestrol" " (DES)" - "Vagina"), ( "Afflatoxin" - " Liver" ), ( " Vinyl Chloride" (VC) - " Liver" ):}`
Discussion