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InterviewSolution
This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 151. |
Farmers of Punjab, Kerala and Rajasthan were the first to try out the modern farming method in India. |
| Answer» SOLUTION :FARMERS of Punjab, HARYANA and WESTERN Uttar Pradesh were the first to try out the modern farming method in INDIA. | |
| 152. |
State three reasons of the variation in the wages of farm labourers all over India. |
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Answer» SOLUTION :(i) Employment is less and farmers are more and therefore, farmers have to be content with what they are earning. (ii) LAND is owned by landlords who desire to earn more and more profits by giving minimum WAGES. (iii) The farmers are illiterate and UNAWARE of the minimum amount set by the government. |
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| 153. |
The periodic surveys are conductedby the National Sample Survey Organisation. |
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Answer» |
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| 154. |
What is the role of education in human capital formation? |
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Answer» Solution :(i) Investment in human resource can give high rates of RETURN in the future. (ii) A child with investments made on his/her education and HEALTH can YIELD a high return in the future in the form of higher earnings and greater CONTRIBUTION to the society. (III) Educated parents invest more heavily on the education of their child. This is becasue they have realised the importance of education for themselves. |
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| 155. |
The scheme for establishment of residental schools to impart to talented chieldren from rural areas is: |
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Answer» Navodaya Vidyalaya |
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| 156. |
Which states are most vulnerable to poverty in India? |
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Answer» Solution :(i) The proportion of poor people is not the same in every state. (ii) Poverty is still existing in Orissa, Bihar, Assam, Tripura and Uttar PRADESH. (iii) Bihar and Orissa continue to be the TWO poorest states with poverty ratios of 43 and 47 PERCENT, respectively. ALONG with rural poverty, urban poverty also exists in these states. |
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| 157. |
Assertion (A) : Education helps individual to make better use of the economic opportunities available before him. Reason (R ) : Employment in this sector is characterised by irregular and low income. In this sector, there is an absence of basic facilities like maternity leave, childcare and other social security systems. |
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Answer» Both A and R are TRUE and R is the CORRECT explanation of A. |
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| 158. |
Physical capital is of two types: |
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Answer» FIXED CAPITAL, WORKING capital |
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| 159. |
The minimum wages for a farm labourer set by government is: |
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Answer» ₹60 |
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| 160. |
Assertion (A): Every production is organised by combining land, labour, physical capital and human capital, which are known as factors of production. Reason (R): Raw materials and money in hand are called working capital. |
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Answer» Both A and RARE TRUE and R is the correct EXPLANATION of A. |
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| 161. |
What is the role education in human capital formation? |
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Answer» Solution :Education helps in the human capital formation in the FOLLOWING ways: (i) Investment in education of human resource results in the formation of human capital. (ii) ONE can earn higher income because of higher productivity of the more educated or better trained persons, thus contributing towards human capital formation. (iii) Investment in human resource via education and medical care can GIVE higher rates of return in the FUTURE. |
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| 162. |
On what terms did Savita get a loan from Tejpal Singh? Would Savita's condition be different if she could get a loan from the bank at a low rate of interest? |
| Answer» Solution :Savita was a SMALL farmer. She PLANNED to cultivate wheat on her 1 hectare. Besides seeds, fertilizers and pesticides, she needed cash to buy WATER and repair her farm instruments. She didn.t have the money and decided to borrow it from a large farmer, Tejpal Singh Savita got a loan at a high rate of INTEREST of 24% for four months. Savita also had to promise to work on Tejpal.s field as a farm labourer during the harvest season at 35 per day. It was quite a low wage. Savita.s situation would have been different had she taken the loan from a bank since the interest have worked on her own farm also, carrying her household responsibilities comfortably. If required, she COULD have worked as a labour, like other farmers and received minimum wages. | |
| 163. |
Which capital would you consider the best-land, labour, physical capital or human capital? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :HUMAN CAPITAL is the BEST as the other factors are dependent on human capital. | |
| 164. |
Mention some anti-poverty programmes undertaken by the government. |
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Answer» Solution :(i) The Mahatma Gandhi National RURAL Employment Guarantee ACT was passed in September 2005. The act provides 100 days assured employment every year, to every rural household, in 200 districts. (ii) The central government will also ESTABLISH National Employment Guarantee Funds. Similarly, state government will establish State Employment Guarantee Funds for implementation of the scheme. (iii) Under the programme, if an applicant is not provided employment within 15 days he or she will be entitled to a daily unemployment allowance. (iv) Another scheme is the National Food for Work Programme (NFWP) which was launched in 2004, in 150 most backward districts of the country. The programme is OPEN to all rural poeple who are in need of wage employment and desire to do manual unskilled work. Under this scheme, foodgrains are provided free of cost to the states. |
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| 165. |
From where small farmers borrow money? |
| Answer» Solution :Small farmers either BORROW from LARGE farmers or the village moneylenders or the traders who supply various inputs for cultivation. The RATE of interest on such LOANS is very high which makes it DIFFICULT for them to repay. | |
| 166. |
State the various ways of growing more crop from the same land by the people of Palampur. |
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Answer» Solution :To GROW more than one crop on a piece of land during the year: (i) Modern farming methods like HYV SEEDS, pesticides, chemical fertilizers, etc. were used. (ii) Green Revolution in the late 1960s introduced to the farmers, the cultivation of wheat and RICE by using high yielding VARIETY seeds. |
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| 167. |
What does 'human capital' stand for? |
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Answer» SOLUTION :(i) Population is an asset for the economy RATHER than a liability. (ii) Population becomes human capital when there is INVESTMENT made in the form of education, training and MEDICAL care. (iii) In fact human capital is the stock of SKILL and productive knowledge embodied in them. |
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| 168. |
Assertion (A) : In many areas, Green Revolution is associated with the loss of soil fertility due to increased use of chemical fertilisers. Reason (R) : Environmental resources, like soil fertility and groundwater, are built up over years. |
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Answer» Both A and RARE true and R is the CORRECT explanation of A. |
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| 169. |
Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh have ………….out of 381 medical colleges. |
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Answer» |
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| 170. |
Why are the wages for farm labourers in Palampur less than minimum wages? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :Labourers are paid wages either in cash or in kind such as crops, etc. There exists competition among labourers for work so they are willing to work for LESSER amount. There is an increased supply of labourers than demand. Resultantly, labourers are paid LESS than the minimum WAGE. | |
| 171. |
What are the major determinants of earnings? |
| Answer» Solution :Education and skill are the major DETERMINANTS of the EARNINGS of any INDIVIDUAL in the MARKET. | |
| 172. |
Why are people of a country referred as resource? |
| Answer» Solution :People as Resource. is a way of referring to a country.s working people in terms of their EXISTING productive skills and abilities. Looking at the population from this productive ASPECT, emhasises its ability to CONTRIBUTE to the creation of the Gross National Product. Like other resources, population also is a resource- a human resource. | |
| 173. |
A person is considered poor if his or her income or consumption level falls below a given ''maximum level'' necessary to fulfill the basic needs. |
| Answer» SOLUTION :A PERSON is considered poor if his or her income or consumption level falls below a GIVEN ..minimum level.. necessary to FULFILL the basic needs. | |
| 174. |
Which of the following is an economic activity? |
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Answer» A TEACHER TEACHING his son |
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| 175. |
What are the social indicators of poverty as seen by social scientists? |
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Answer» Solution :(i) Prevalent FACTORS like illiteracy LEVELS, lack of GENERAL resistance DUE to malnutrition. (ii) Lack of access to health care, lack of job opportunities, lack of access of safe drinking water sanitation, etc. (III) These are the social indicators of poverty as seen by social scientists. |
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| 176. |
What is the full form of MGNREGA? |
| Answer» Solution :MGNREGA is Mahatma Gandhi NATIONAL Rural Employment GUARANTEE ACT of 2005. | |
| 177. |
How did Green Revolution benefit the Indian farmer? |
| Answer» Solution :The Green Revolution in late 1960s introduced the Indian farmer to high yielding variety of seeds to PRODUCE MUCH GREATER amount of GRAIN on a single PLANT | |
| 178. |
Assertion (A) : Unemployment tends to decrease economic overload. Reason (R ) : The dependence of the unemployment on the working population increases. |
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Answer» Both A and R are true and R is the correct EXPLANATION of A. |
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| 179. |
What is the benefit of multiple cropping? |
| Answer» SOLUTION : It is the most common WAY of increasing PRODUCTION on a given PIECE of land. | |
| 180. |
Which organisation carries out survey for determining the poverty line? |
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Answer» NSSO |
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| 181. |
Explain any three efforts which can be made to increase non-farming production activities in villages? |
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Answer» Solution :(i) Collection centres for collecting milk can be developed in village for supplementing income of poor farmers. (ii) Small-scale manufacturing can be introduced where family MEMBERS of farmers can work together to produce goods which can be sold in the market. (III) EDUCATION and health of the PEOPLE should be improved, so that they can become self DEPENDENT and can open computer centre or school in the village. |
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| 182. |
How does a country measure its poverty? |
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Answer» Solution :(i) Each COUNTRY USES an imaginary line that is considered appropriate for its EXISTING level of development and its accepted minimum social NORMS. (ii) For example, a person not having a car in the UNITED States may be considered poor. In India, owning of a car is still considered a luxury. |
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| 183. |
Name the non-farm activities of Palampur? |
| Answer» Solution :Dairy farming, SMALL SCALE MANUFACTURING, trade, shopkeeping and providing TRANSPORT services. | |
| 184. |
Describe globel poverty trends. |
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Answer» Solution :(i) The PROPORTION of People in developing countries living in extreme economic poverty has fallen from 43% in 1990 to 22% in 2008. (ii) There are DISPARITIES in poverty among the regions around the WORLD. Number of the poor in CHINA has come down from 85% in 1981 to 6% 2011. (III) In Sub-Saharan Africa, poverty declined from 51% in 1981 to 47% in 2008. (iv) In Latin America, the ratio of poverty has declined from 11% in 1981 to 6.4% in 2008. |
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| 185. |
Secondary sector includes: |
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Answer» Manufacturing |
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| 186. |
What are the bigger challenges before India? |
| Answer» Solution :PROVIDING health care, education and job SECURITY for all ACHIEVING gender equality and dignity for the poor are the BIGGER challenges before INDIA. | |
| 187. |
Full form of MGNREGA is………… |
| Answer» SOLUTION :MAHATMA Gandhi National RURAL Employment Guarantee ACT | |
| 188. |
Which states report a significant decline in poverty? |
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Answer» Solution :(i) There is significant DECLINE in poverty in Kerala, Jammu and Kashmir, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Gujarat and West BENGAL. (ii) STATES like Punjab and Haryana have traditionally succeeded in reducing poverty with the help of high agricultural growth rates. (iii) Kerala has focused on human resource development. (iv) In West Bengal, land REFORM measures have helped in reducing poverty. (v) In Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu, public distribution of FOODGRAINS could have been the cause for the decline in poverty. |
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| 189. |
Is large population considered a lability rather than an asset? |
| Answer» Solution :For many decades in India, a LARGE population has been considered a LIABILITY rather than an ASSET. But a large population need not always be a liability. It can be turned into productive asset by investment in human capital. It can be done by spending resources on education and health for all, TRAINING of industrial and AGRICULTURAL workers in the use of modern technology and useful scientific researches, etc. | |
| 190. |
What is the vulnerability of poverty? |
| Answer» Solution :Valunerability of poverty is a measure, which describes the greater probability of CERTAIN COMMUNITIES or individuals of BECOMING or REMAINING poor in the coming YEARS. | |
| 191. |
Tools, machines, buildings can be used in production over many years, and are called working capital. |
| Answer» SOLUTION :Tools, machines, BUILDINGS can be used in production over MANY years, and are called FIXED capital. | |
| 192. |
"Illitrate and unhealthy population are a liability for the economy." Justify the statement with suitable examples. |
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Answer» Solution :(i) The literacy rate. (ii) Health of a PERSON indicated by life expectancy and skill formation ACQUIRED by the people of a country. (III) The quality of population ultimately decides the growth rate of the country. (iv) An illiterate and unhealthy population is a liability for the economy, whereas a literate and healthy population is an ASSET. (v) The health of a person makes him realise his POTENTIAL and the ability to fight illnesses. (vi) An unhealthy person becomes a liability for anorganisation and hence his country. (vii) Health is an indispensable basis for realising one.s own well-being. |
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| 193. |
Why is literacy rate low among the females? |
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Answer» LACK of EQUAL EDUCATION opportunities |
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| 194. |
How do the medium and large farmers obtain capital for farming? How is it different from the small farmers? |
| Answer» Solution :The medium and large farmers own large lands and thus have large production. They sell the excess production for profit and save that money for farm use for NEXT year. They also use part of the money and lend it to small farmers for interest and save the money EARNED through interest also. Small farmers obtain CAPITAL by taking loans at HIGH interest RATE from medium and large farmers. | |
| 195. |
The aim of production is to produce the____and____ that we want. |
| Answer» SOLUTION :GOODS, SERVICES | |
| 196. |
Has the literacy rates of population increased since 1951? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :The literacy RATES have increased from 18% in 1951 to 74% in 2010-11. | |
| 197. |
What is the difference between disguised unemployment and seasonal unemployment? |
Answer» SOLUTION :
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| 198. |
What is the accepted average calorie requirement in India? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :The ACCEPTED average calorie requirement in India is 2400 calories per person per DAY in rural areas and 2100 calories per person per day in urban areas. | |
| 199. |
How much amount is needed to fulfill minimum calorie requirement in rural and urban areas? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :On the basis of these calculations, for the year 2000, the POVERTY line for a person was FIXED at Rs. 328 per month for the RURAL areas and Rs. 454 for the URBAN areas. | |
| 200. |
Name the main and other activities of the village of Palampur. |
| Answer» Solution :FARMING is the main ACTIVITY in Palampur. Other activities are small-scale manufacturing, dairy. TRANSPORT, etc. They also have small shops selling a wide RANGE of ITEMS like rice, wheat, sugar, tea, oil, biscuits, soaps, etc. | |