1382 + Interview Questions in ECOSYSTEM IN GENERAL AWARENESS Page 1 InterviewSolution

1.	The nature of climax community is most dependent uponA. climateB. waterC. soil fertilityD. none
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

2.	Always upright pyramid is ofA. biomassB. energyC. numberD. All of these
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

3.	Which of the following pyramid is always upright ?A. Pyramid of biomassB. Pyramid of numberC. Pyramid of energyD. none of these
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

4.	Read the statements and select the correct option Statement 1: In an aquatic ecosystem, pyramid of biomass is inverted. Statement 2: Biomass depends upon reproductive potential and longevity of individuals.A. Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.B. Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.C. Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct.D. Both statement 1 and 2 are incorrect.
Answer» Correct Answer - A In a marine aquatic ecosystem, the biomass of phytoplanktons (producers) is smaller than that of zoolplanktons (primary consumers) and the biomass of zooplanktons is smaller than that of secodary consumers. This results in the inverted pyramid of biomass in an aquatic ecosystem. This shape is the consequence of the very short life spans of phytoplanktons, which are consumed almost as rapidly as they are formed. Also phytoplanktons have high reproductive potential, i.e., they reproduce rapidly.

Discussion

5.	What type of food chain it is ? Grass`to` Rabbit `to` Wolf `to` Tiger.
Answer» Predatory or Grazing food chain .

Discussion

6.	Which of the following would appear as the pioneer organisms on bare rocks?A. MossesB. LichensC. LiverwortsD. Green algae
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

7.	Which of the following would appear as the pioneer organisms on bare rocks?A. LiverwortsB. MossesC. Green alageD. Lichens
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

8.	Which of the following would appear as the pioneer organisms on bare rocks?A. LichensB. LiverwortsC. MossesD. Green algae
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

9.	Arrange the following ecosystems in increasing order of their mean NPP (tons/ha/year). (A) Tropical deciduous forest (B) Temperate coniferous forest (C ) Tropical rainforest (D) Temperate deciduous forestA. `b lt a lt d lt c`B. `d lt b lt a lt c `C. `a lt c lt d lt b`D. `b lt d lt a lt c`
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

10.	Arrange the following ecosystems in increasing order of their mean NPP (tons/ha/year). (A) Tropical deciduous forest (B) Temperate coniferous forest (C ) Tropical rainforest (D) Temperate deciduous forestA. `BltAltDltc`B. `DltBltAltC`C. `AltCltDltB`D. `BltDltAltC`
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

11.	The pyramid of numbers in a grassland ecosystem isA. Always erectB. Always invertedC. Either erect or invertedD. Irregular
Answer» Correct Answer - A In a grassland food chain the number of individuals decrease at the successive higher levels.

Discussion

12.	Cyberviatic is associated withA. Flow of energyB. Cycle of energyC. Energy releasedD. Study of energy
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

13.	Which is the correct sequence in the food chain in a grasslandA. Grass `to` wolf `to` deer `to ` buffaloB. Bacteria `to` grass `to` rabbit `to` wolfC. Grass `to` insect `to` birds `to` snakesD. Grass `to` snake `to` insect `to` deer
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

14.	Edaphic factor refers toA. waterB. soilC. relative humidityD. altitude
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

15.	How does primary succession start in water and lead to the climax community? Explain.
Answer» Primary succession in water • The pioneer species are phytoplanktons. • The phytoplanktons are replaced by free-floating angiosperms. • Then, rooted angiosperms invade sedges, grasses and finally the trees. • At last, a stable climax forest is formed. • An aquatic habitat is converted into mesic habitat.

15.

How does primary succession start in water and lead to the climax community? Explain.

Answer»

Primary succession in water

• The pioneer species are phytoplanktons.

• The phytoplanktons are replaced by free-floating angiosperms.

• Then, rooted angiosperms invade sedges, grasses and finally the trees.

• At last, a stable climax forest is formed.

• An aquatic habitat is converted into mesic habitat.

Discussion

16.	Why are nutrient cycles in nature called biogeochemical cycles ?
Answer» The nutrient cycles are called biogeochemical (bio= living beings and geo = rocks, air and water) cycles because the nutrient molecules/ions are transferred from surrounding environments/rocks/air/water to the living organisms and then again brought back in a cyclic pathway to the environment.

Discussion

17.	Choose the option which gives the correct order of the organisms in the ascending order of their energy level.A. Caterpillar, Pea plant, Sparrow, EagleB. Sparrow, Caterpillar, Pea plant, EagleC. Eagle, Sparrow, Caterpillar, Pea plantD. Pea plant, Caterpillar, Sparrow, Eagle
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

18.	In relation to energy transfer in ecosystem, explain the statement ”10kg of deei’s meat is equivalent to 1 kg of lion’s flesh".
Answer» In an ecosystem. tiow (transfer) of energy is unidirectional. As energy trapped in let tropic level, only 10% of energy is transferred to next trophic level. `underset"(Biomass 10 Kg)"("Dear")underset("Ebergy lost in procoes of respiration and other vital activities 90% i.e., 9kg")rarrunderset"(1 kg )"("Lion")`

Discussion

19.	In relation to energy transfer in ecosystem, explain the statement “10 kg of deer’s meat is equivalent to 1 kg of lion’s flesh”.
Answer» Transfer of energy in an ecosystem follow 10% law, i.e., only 10% energy is transferred from one trophic level to higher trophic level. So, if lion feeds on deer than 10 kg of deer’s meat will form 1 kg of lion’s flesh.

Discussion

20.	In the North East region of India, during the process of Jhum cultivation, forests are cleared by burning and left for regrowth after a year of cultivation. How would you explain the regrowth of forest in ecological term?
Answer» The regrowth of forest is called secondary succession.

Discussion

21.	Among bryophytes, lichens and fern which one is a pioneer species in a xeric succession?
Answer» Crustose lichens.

Discussion

22.	In the North East region of India, during the process of jhum cultivation, forests are cleared by burning and left for regrowth after a year of cultivation. How would you explain the regrowth of forest in ecological term?
Answer» Forests that are cleared by burning and left for regrowth will show secondary succession. Since. soil is already present, the buried seeds oen to germinate. Due to wind dispersal and some other natural forces, new seeds will be brought into the area and new species will colonise the forest again.

Discussion

23.	Climax stage is achieved quickly in secondary succession as compared to primary succession. Why?
Answer» The rate of ecological succession is quicker in secondary succession as compared to primary succession as the soil (substratum) is already available for further succession. While in primary succession. the succession starts from bare rocks. Which take time for first colonisation by plants as there is no nutrient holding mechanisms.

Discussion

24.	Climax stage is achieved quickly in secondary succession as compared to primary succession. Why?
Answer» The rate of succession is much faster in secondary succession as the substratum (soil) is already present as compared to primary succession where the process starts from a bare area (rock).

Discussion

25.	What is primary succession?
Answer» The development of plant community in a barren area where no community existed before is called primary succession. The plants which colonize first in a barren area is called pioneer species or primary community or primary colonies. Generally, Primary succession takes a very long time for the occurrence in any region. Example: Microbes, Lichen and Mosses.

25.

What is primary succession?

Answer»

The development of plant community in a barren area where no community existed before is called primary succession. The plants which colonize first in a barren area is called pioneer species or primary community or primary colonies. Generally, Primary succession takes a very long time for the occurrence in any region.

Example: Microbes, Lichen and Mosses.

Discussion

26.	Define plant succession.
Answer» Successive replacement of one type of plant community by the other of the same area/ place is known as plant succession.

Discussion

27.	Assertion: Ass succession proceeds the number and types of animals and decomposers change. Reason: At any time during primary or secondary succession , natural or human induced disturbances (fire/deforestation ) can convert a particular seral stage of succession to an earlier stage.A. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.C. If assertion is true but reason is false.D. If both assertion and reason are false.
Answer» Correct Answer - B `` As succession proceeds the number and types of animals and decomposers change. `` At any time during primary or secondary succession , natural or human induced disturbances (fire/deforestation) can convert a particular seral stage of succession to an earlier stage.

Discussion

28.	Succession proceeds fromA. Xeric `to` Mesic conditionsB. Hydric `to` Mesic conditionsC. Mesic `to` Xeric conditionsD. More than one option is correct.
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

29.	Differentiate Primary succession and Secondary succession.
Answer» Primary succession: 1. Developing in an barren area. 2. Initiated due to a biological or any other external factors. 3. No soil, while primary succession starts 4. Pioneer species come from outside environment. 5. It takes more time to complete. Secondary succession: 1. Developing in disturbed area. 2. Starts due to external factors only. 3. It starts where soil covers is already present. 4. Pioneer species develop from existing environment. 5. It takes comparatively less time to complete.

29.

Differentiate Primary succession and Secondary succession.

Answer»

Primary succession:

1. Developing in an barren area.

2. Initiated due to a biological or any other external factors.

3. No soil, while primary succession starts

4. Pioneer species come from outside environment.

5. It takes more time to complete.

Secondary succession:

1. Developing in disturbed area.

2. Starts due to external factors only.

3. It starts where soil covers is already present.

4. Pioneer species develop from existing environment.

5. It takes comparatively less time to complete.

Discussion

30.	Assertion: The rate of succession is much faster in `2^(0)` succession and hence climax is reach more quickly. Reason: In `2^(0)` succession soil is already there.A. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.C. If assertion is true but reason is false.D. If both assertion and reason are false.
Answer» Correct Answer - A The rate of succession is much faster in `2^(0)` succession and hence climax is reach more quickly as in `2^(0)` succession soil is already there.

Discussion

31.	As the succession proceeds number and types of ____ change.A. vegetationB. animalsC. vegetation and animalsD. vegetation, animals and decomposers
Answer» Correct Answer - D Ecological succession usually describes changes in vegetation but vegetational changes in turn affect food and shelter for various animals. Thus, number and types of animals and decomposers also change during succession.

Discussion

32.	The rate of secondary succession is faster than primary succession because.A. soil or sediment is already presentB. water is availbale in large quantityC. climax community is already presentD. pH of sol is favorable.
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

33.	Why is secondary succession faster than the primary succession?
Answer» Secondary succession is faster than the primary succession because of presence of i. soil for growth, which also results in quick attainment of climax. ii. water, the environment and the seeds or other propagules which are easily available.

33.

Why is secondary succession faster than the primary succession?

Answer»

Secondary succession is faster than the primary succession because of presence of

i. soil for growth, which also results in quick attainment of climax.

ii. water, the environment and the seeds or other propagules which are easily available.

Discussion

34.

Differentiate between primary and secondary succession. Provide one example of each.

Answer»

Primary Succession	Secondary Succession
1. It begins with areas where no living organisms ever existed.	1. It begins in areas where natural biotic communities have been destroyed.
2. Establishment of a biotic community is very slow.	2.Establishment of a biotic community is faster.
3. Example: Newly cooled-lava/barerocks/newly created ponds or reservoir.	3. Example: Abandoned farm lands/burnt or cut forests/ lands that have been flooded.

Discussion

35.	Why does the secondary succession is faster than primary succession.
Answer» Secondary succession occurs in an area or place where life had existed before, but had been some how wiped out. some soil and organic sediments are already present, hence succession is faster Primary succession occurs in an area where no life existed before. It takes time for the formation of soil and so succession takes more time.

Discussion

36.	Differentiate between primary succession and secondary succession. Which one occurs faster?
Answer» Primary Succession : A process that starts where no living organisms are there. Secondary succession : A process that starts in areas which have lost all the living organisms that existed there.

36.

Differentiate between primary succession and secondary succession. Which one occurs faster?

Answer»

Primary Succession : A process that starts where no living organisms are there.

Secondary succession : A process that starts in areas which have lost all the living organisms that existed there.

Discussion

37.	All favour the process of decomposition exceptA. sugar rich detriusB. absence of oxygenC. warm temperatureD. no exception, as all given factors favour it
Answer» Correct Answer - B Presence of oxygen favours decomposition.

Discussion

38.	An organism contains carbon molecules which have passed through three levels of ecosystem. The organism is a:A. Primary consumerB. Tertiary consumerC. PredatorD. Producer
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

39.	Stability of ecosystem depends upon:A. primary productivityB. number of producersC. number of consumersD. interchange between producers and consumers
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

40.	How does food web provide stability to ecosystem ?
Answer» (i) Provide alternate pathway of food availability, so none get starved if preferred species is reduced. (ii) No species is exploited beyond the degree of its recovery.

Discussion

41.	In a terrestrial ecosystem the large fraction of energy flows throughA. detritus food chainB. grazing food chainC. herbivoresD. carnivores
Answer» Correct Answer - A In an aquatic ecosystem GFC is the major conduit for energy flow, whereas in a terrestrial ecosystem it is through the DFC.

Discussion

42.	All are true for 'Climax community' exceptA. Rapidly keeps on changing to reach equilibriumB. Final communityC. End of successionD. Stable
Answer» Correct Answer - A Climax community is stable and is in equilibrium with the environment.

Discussion

43.	An organism contains carbon molecules which have passed through three levels of ecosystem. The organism isA. primary consumerB. predatorC. producerD. tertiary consumer
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

44.	Choose how many out of the given list are omnivores- Rabbit, Sparrow, Hydra, Crow, Man, Fox, Cockroach, BobcatA. ThreeB. SixC. FiveD. Four
Answer» Correct Answer - D Rabbit is herbivore, Sparrow, Crow, Man, Cockroach are Omnivores. Hydra and Bocatt are carnivores

Discussion

45.	Stability of ecosystem depends upon:A. primary productivityB. interchange between producers and consumersC. number of producresD. number of consumers
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

46.	Identify the correct type of food chain. Dead animal `rarr` Blowfly maggots `rarr` Common frog `rarr` Snake:A. grazing food chainB. detrital food chainC. predator food chainD. decomposer food chain
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

47.	Identify the correct type of food chain. Dead animal `rarr` Blowfly maggots `rarr` Common frog `rarr` Snake:A. Grazing food chainB. Predator food chainC. Decomposer food chainD. Detrius food chain
Answer» Correct Answer - D DFC begins with dead organic matter (called detritus). e.g. : Organic Matter `to` Bacteria `to` Mollusc e.g.: Dead Animal `to` Blow fly maggots `to` frog `to` snake

Discussion

48.	Identify the correct type of food chain. Dead animal `rarr` Blowfly maggots `rarr` Common frog `rarr` Snake:A. Grazing food chainB. Detrital food chainC. Decomposer food chainD. Predator food chain
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

49.	Given figure represents a pyramid of biomass in an aquatic ecosystem. Identify A and B and select the correct answer. (i) A is the crop which supporsts and B is the crop which is supported. (ii) A is the crop which is supported and B is the crop which supports. (iii) A is phytoplanktons and B is zooplanktons. (iv) A is zooplanktons and B is phytoplanktons.A. I and ivB. ii and iiiC. I and iiiD. ii and iv
Answer» Correct Answer - C The given pyramid represents pyramid of biomass in an aquatic ecosystem. In this pyramid, biomass of phytoplanktons, i.e., producers (represented by A ) is smaller than that of zooplanktons, i.e., primary consumers ( represented by B). Phytoplanktons support zooplanktons as the latter feed upon them.

Discussion

50.	1. Plants, 2. Rabbit, 3. Fox and 4. Lion are the components of a food chain. In this food chain, the maximum energy will be found in:A. 3B. 4C. 2D. 1
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

The nature of climax community is most dependent uponA. climateB. waterC. soil fertilityD. none

Always upright pyramid is ofA. biomassB. energyC. numberD. All of these

Which of the following pyramid is always upright ?A. Pyramid of biomassB. Pyramid of numberC. Pyramid of energyD. none of these

What type of food chain it is ? Grass`to` Rabbit `to` Wolf `to` Tiger.

Which of the following would appear as the pioneer organisms on bare rocks?A. MossesB. LichensC. LiverwortsD. Green algae

Which of the following would appear as the pioneer organisms on bare rocks?A. LiverwortsB. MossesC. Green alageD. Lichens

Which of the following would appear as the pioneer organisms on bare rocks?A. LichensB. LiverwortsC. MossesD. Green algae

Arrange the following ecosystems in increasing order of their mean NPP (tons/ha/year). (A) Tropical deciduous forest (B) Temperate coniferous forest (C ) Tropical rainforest (D) Temperate deciduous forestA. `b lt a lt d lt c`B. `d lt b lt a lt c `C. `a lt c lt d lt b`D. `b lt d lt a lt c`

Arrange the following ecosystems in increasing order of their mean NPP (tons/ha/year). (A) Tropical deciduous forest (B) Temperate coniferous forest (C ) Tropical rainforest (D) Temperate deciduous forestA. `BltAltDltc`B. `DltBltAltC`C. `AltCltDltB`D. `BltDltAltC`

The pyramid of numbers in a grassland ecosystem isA. Always erectB. Always invertedC. Either erect or invertedD. Irregular

Cyberviatic is associated withA. Flow of energyB. Cycle of energyC. Energy releasedD. Study of energy

Which is the correct sequence in the food chain in a grasslandA. Grass `to` wolf `to` deer `to ` buffaloB. Bacteria `to` grass `to` rabbit `to` wolfC. Grass `to` insect `to` birds `to` snakesD. Grass `to` snake `to` insect `to` deer

Edaphic factor refers toA. waterB. soilC. relative humidityD. altitude

How does primary succession start in water and lead to the climax community? Explain.

Why are nutrient cycles in nature called biogeochemical cycles ?

Choose the option which gives the correct order of the organisms in the ascending order of their energy level.A. Caterpillar, Pea plant, Sparrow, EagleB. Sparrow, Caterpillar, Pea plant, EagleC. Eagle, Sparrow, Caterpillar, Pea plantD. Pea plant, Caterpillar, Sparrow, Eagle

In relation to energy transfer in ecosystem, explain the statement ”10kg of deei’s meat is equivalent to 1 kg of lion’s flesh".

In relation to energy transfer in ecosystem, explain the statement “10 kg of deer’s meat is equivalent to 1 kg of lion’s flesh”.

In the North East region of India, during the process of Jhum cultivation, forests are cleared by burning and left for regrowth after a year of cultivation. How would you explain the regrowth of forest in ecological term?

Among bryophytes, lichens and fern which one is a pioneer species in a xeric succession?

In the North East region of India, during the process of jhum cultivation, forests are cleared by burning and left for regrowth after a year of cultivation. How would you explain the regrowth of forest in ecological term?

Climax stage is achieved quickly in secondary succession as compared to primary succession. Why?

Climax stage is achieved quickly in secondary succession as compared to primary succession. Why?

What is primary succession?

Define plant succession.

Succession proceeds fromA. Xeric `to` Mesic conditionsB. Hydric `to` Mesic conditionsC. Mesic `to` Xeric conditionsD. More than one option is correct.

Differentiate Primary succession and Secondary succession.

As the succession proceeds number and types of ____ change.A. vegetationB. animalsC. vegetation and animalsD. vegetation, animals and decomposers

The rate of secondary succession is faster than primary succession because.A. soil or sediment is already presentB. water is availbale in large quantityC. climax community is already presentD. pH of sol is favorable.

Why is secondary succession faster than the primary succession?

Differentiate between primary and secondary succession. Provide one example of each.

Why does the secondary succession is faster than primary succession.

Differentiate between primary succession and secondary succession. Which one occurs faster?

All favour the process of decomposition exceptA. sugar rich detriusB. absence of oxygenC. warm temperatureD. no exception, as all given factors favour it

An organism contains carbon molecules which have passed through three levels of ecosystem. The organism is a:A. Primary consumerB. Tertiary consumerC. PredatorD. Producer

Stability of ecosystem depends upon:A. primary productivityB. number of producersC. number of consumersD. interchange between producers and consumers

How does food web provide stability to ecosystem ?

In a terrestrial ecosystem the large fraction of energy flows throughA. detritus food chainB. grazing food chainC. herbivoresD. carnivores

All are true for 'Climax community' exceptA. Rapidly keeps on changing to reach equilibriumB. Final communityC. End of successionD. Stable

An organism contains carbon molecules which have passed through three levels of ecosystem. The organism isA. primary consumerB. predatorC. producerD. tertiary consumer

Choose how many out of the given list are omnivores- Rabbit, Sparrow, Hydra, Crow, Man, Fox, Cockroach, BobcatA. ThreeB. SixC. FiveD. Four

Stability of ecosystem depends upon:A. primary productivityB. interchange between producers and consumersC. number of producresD. number of consumers

Identify the correct type of food chain. Dead animal `rarr` Blowfly maggots `rarr` Common frog `rarr` Snake:A. grazing food chainB. detrital food chainC. predator food chainD. decomposer food chain

Identify the correct type of food chain. Dead animal `rarr` Blowfly maggots `rarr` Common frog `rarr` Snake:A. Grazing food chainB. Predator food chainC. Decomposer food chainD. Detrius food chain

Identify the correct type of food chain. Dead animal `rarr` Blowfly maggots `rarr` Common frog `rarr` Snake:A. Grazing food chainB. Detrital food chainC. Decomposer food chainD. Predator food chain

1. Plants, 2. Rabbit, 3. Fox and 4. Lion are the components of a food chain. In this food chain, the maximum energy will be found in:A. 3B. 4C. 2D. 1