1382 + Interview Questions in ECOSYSTEM IN GENERAL AWARENESS Page 2 InterviewSolution

51.	Identify the following food chain: Dead animal Blow fly maggots `rarr` Common Frog `rarr` SnakeA. Grazing food chainB. Predator food chainC. Parasitic food chainD. Detritus food chain
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

52.	Pyramid of energy in an aquatic ecosystem isA. always uprightB. always invertedC. bell - shapedD. None of the above
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

53.	Rabbit is aA. carnivoreB. herbivoreC. Both (a) and (b)D. detritivores
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

54.	Which of the following organisms forms the decomposers ?A. PterisB. BacteriaC. Saprophytic fungiD. Both (b) and (c )
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

55.	Ecological efficiency isA. Food primary assimilated/Food energy ingested `xx100`B. Gross primary productivity/Incident total solar radiation `xx100`C. Volume of `CO_(2)` evolved/volume of `O_(2)` consumedD. Energy in biomass productionat a trophic level/Energy in biomass production at previous trophical level `xx100`
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

56.	Select the formula for ecological efficiency:A. `("Grossd primary productivity" xx100)/("Incident total solar radiation")`B. `("Food primary assimilated"xx100)/("Food energy ingested")`C. `("Net primary procutivity"xx100)/("Gross primary productivity")`D. ("Energy in biomass production at a trophic level"xx100)/("Energy in biomass production at previous trophic level")`
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

57.	Select the formula for ecological efficiency:A. `("Gross primary productivity")/("Incident total solar radiation")xx100`B. `("Food energy assimilated")/("Food energy ingested")xx100`C. `("Net primary productivity")/("Gross primary productivity")xx100`D. `("Energy converted in biomass production at a trophic level ")/("Energy present in biomass production at previous trophic level ")xx100`
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

58.	Pyramid that is never inverted is ofA. energyB. massC. numberD. size
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

59.	Mr. X is eating curd/yoghut. For this food intake in a food chain he should be considered as occupyingA. First trophic levelB. Second trophic levelC. Third trophic levelD. Fourth trophic level
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

60.	Lindemann for the first time gave energy transfer law, which states that:A. only `20%` of the energy is transferred to each trophic levelB. only `10%` of the energy is transferred to each trophic levelC. only `30%` of the energy is transferred to each trophic levelD. only `50%` of the energy is transferred to each trophic level
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

61.	Productivity is the rate of production of biomass expressed in terms of (i) `("kcal"m^(-3))yr^(-1)` (ii) `g^(-2)yr^(-1)` (iii) `g^(-1)yr^(-1)` (iv) `("kcal"m^(-2))yr^(-1)`A. II and IB. Only IIIC. II and IVD. I and IV
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

62.	Productivity is the rate of production of biomass expressed in terms of (i) `("kcal"m^(-3))yr^(-1)` (ii) `g^(-2)yr^(-1)` (iii) `g^(-1)yr^(-1)` (iv) `("kcal"m^(-2))yr^(-1)`A. iiB. iiiC. ii and ivD. I and iii
Answer» Correct Answer - C The rate of synthesis of energy containing organic matter or biomass by any trophic level per unit area in unit time is described as its productivity. It is measured as weight (e.g., `g//m^(2)//yr`) or energy (e.g, `Kcal//m^(2)yr`). Hence, only unit (iv) is correct.

Discussion

63.	What is the structure and composition of a community expected to remain unchanged.
Answer» Un disturbed climax community

Discussion

64.	In a lake ecosystem, pyramid of biomass is:A. uprightB. invertedC. anything is possibleD. none is correct
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

65.	Which kind of pyramid is represented by the given figure? A. Inverted pyramid of numbersB. Inverted pyramid of biomassC. Inverted pyramid of energyD. Both a and b
Answer» Correct Answer - A The given pyramid is pyramid of numbers in a parasitic food chain. In a parasitic food chain, the pyramid of numbers is inverted. This is due to the fact that a single plant may support the growth of may herbivores and each herbivore in turn may provide nutrition to several parasites, which in turn support many hyper-parasites. Thus, from the producer towards consumers, the number of organism gradually increase, making the pyramid inverted in shape.

Discussion

66.	What kind of pyramid is represented by the given figure? A. Pyramid of numbers in a forest ecosystem.B. Pyramid of numbers in a parasitic food chain.C. Pyramid of biomass in a forest ecosystem.D. It is a wrong pyramid.
Answer» Correct Answer - C Pyramids of biomass are comparatively more fundamental, as they, instead of geometric factor, show the quantitative relationships of the standing crops. In grassland and forest, there is generally a gradual decrease in biomass of organisms at successive levels from the producers to the top carnivores. Thus, pyramids of biomass and number are upright in terrestrial ecosystems.

Discussion

67.	Secondary productivity is rate of formation of new organic matter by:A. ProducerB. ParasiteC. ConsumerD. Decomposer
Answer» Correct Answer - C Secondary productivity is the rate of formation of new oranic matter by consumer.primary productivity depends on the producers inhabiting a particular area. Decomposers breakdown complex organic matter into inorganic substances like carbon dioxide, water and nutrients. parasitic species feed on the body of other organism.

Discussion

68.	Secondary productivity is rate of formation of new organic matter by:A. If both Assertion &Reason are true and the reason is the corect explanation of the assertion , then mark (1)B. If both Assertion & Reason are true but the reason, is not the correct explanation of the assertion , then mark (2)C. If Assertion is true statement but Reason is false , them mark (3).D. If both Asseration and Reason are false statements , then mark (4).
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

69.	Productivity is the rate of production of biomass expressed in terms of: `{:(i.("kcal m"^(-3))yr^(-1),,,ii.g^(-2)yr^(-1)),(iii.g^(-1)yr^(-1),,,iv. ("kcal m"^(-2))yr^(-1)):}`A. iiB. iiiC. ii and ivD. i and iii
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

70.	Which of the following statements about productivity is true?A. Primary productivity of all ecosystems is a constant.B. The annual net primary productivity of the whole of the biosphere is 17 billion tons (dry weight) of organic matter.C. Net primary productivity is the amount of biomass available for consumption by carnivores.D. Primary productivity is depends on plant species inhabiting in a particular area.
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

71.	In the pyramid of biomass given below, name 2 types of crops(i) One which is supported(ii) One which supports. In which ecosystem such type of pyramids found.
Answer» (i) primary producer (phytoplankton) (ii) primary consumer (zooplankton) In aquatic ecosystem such type of pyramid found.

71.

In the pyramid of biomass given below, name 2 types of crops(i) One which is supported(ii) One which supports. In which ecosystem such type of pyramids found.

Answer»

(i) primary producer (phytoplankton)

(ii) primary consumer (zooplankton) In aquatic ecosystem such type of pyramid found.

Discussion

72.	Which kind of exological pyramid is represented by the figure given below : A. Inverted pyramid of numbersB. Inverted pyramid of biomassC. Upright pyramid of energyD. Upright pyramid of numbers
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

73.	Secondary productivity is rate of formation of new organic matter by:A. parasiteB. consumerC. decomposerD. producer
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

74.	Which one of the following statements is incorrect?A. Interaction of biotic and abiotic components results in a physical structure that is characteristic for each type of ecosystem.B. Horizontal distribution of different species occupying different levels is called stratification.C. The decomposers of a pond ecosystem are the fungi, bacteria and flagellates.D. The consumers of a pond ecosystem are represented by the zooplankton, the free swimming and bottom dwelling animals.
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

75.	Which one of the following statements about productivity is wrong?A. Primary production is the amount of biomass or organic matter produced per unit area over a time period by plants during photosynthesis.B. Gross primary productivity of an ecosystem is the rate of production of organic matter during photosynthesis.C. Secondary productivity is the rate of formation of new organic matter by consumers.D. Primary productivity depends on the animals species inhabiting a particular area.
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

76.	Which kind of ecological pyramid is represented by the figure given below: A. Inverted pyramid of numbers in a forest ecosystemB. Upright pyramid of biomass in a pond ecosystemC. Upright pyramid of energy in an aquatic ecosystemD. Inverted pyramid of energy in a grassland ecosystem
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

77.	The given ecological pyramid best represents: A. upright pyramid of numbersB. upright pyramid of biomassC. Inverted pyramid of energyD. upright pyramid of energy
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

78.	If an ecosystem is composed of only three trophic levels, then how much energy will be conserved at the third trophic levelA. `30%` of second trophic levelB. `20%` of second trophic levelC. `10%` of second trophic levelD. `0.1%` of second trophic level
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

79.	In a stable ecosystem, which of the following limits the number of trophic levels ?A. BiomassB. The number of nutrientsC. Availability of nutrientsD. Presence of contaminants that increase in concentration along the food chain
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

80.	Diagrammatic representation of trophic levels in an ecosystem is given below. Identify A, B, C and D by selecting correct option: A. A - Primary producer, B - Secondary consumer, C - Primary consumer, D - Tertiary consumerB. A - Primary consumer, B - Primary producer, C - Secondary consumer, D - Tertiary consumerC. A - Primary producer, B - Primary consumer, C - Secondary consumer, D - Tertiary consumerD. A - Tertiary consumer, B - secondary consumer, C - Primary consumer, D - Primary producer
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

81.	Trophic levels in ecosystem is formed by:A. only plantsB. only bacteriaC. only herbivorousD. organisms linked in food chain
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

82.	Trophic levels in ecosystem is formed byA. only bacteriaB. only plantsC. only herbivoresD. organisms linked in food chain
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

83.	Desert can be converted into green land by plantingA. oxylophytesB. psammophytesC. halophytesD. trees
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

84.	Trophic levels are formed byA. PlantsB. animalsC. organisms linked in food chainD. carnivores
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

85.	Which of the following groups of organisms are ecologically similar?A. Producer protists and Consumer protistsB. Monerans and Producer protistsC. Consumer protists and FungiD. Monerans and Fungi
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

86.	The following graph depicts changes in two populations (A and B) of herbivores in a grassy field. A possible reason for these changes is that : A. Population A produced more offspring than population BB. Population A consumed the members of population BC. Both Plant populations in this habitat decreasedD. Population B completed more successfully for food than population A
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

87.	Which are ecologically similar ?A. Monerans and fungiB. Producers and consumers protistsC. Consumer protists and fungiD. Monerans and producer protists
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

88.	Describe the components of an ecosystem.
Answer» An ecosystem has two types of components biotic and abiotic. (1) Biotic components:- There are living organisms present in an ecosystem. On the basis of their obtaining food, biotic components are of 3 types – produces, consumers and decomposers. Producers – They are autotrophic components that includes phytoplankton, some algae floating, submerged and marginal plants. The consumers are the organism like zooplankton, free swimming animals, bottom dwelling animals etc consumes producers as their food. The decomposers are organisms (saprophytic) which obtain nourishment from organic remains they digest the organic remains by digestive enzyme and liberates inorganic nutrients. Because of this decomposers are called as mineralisers. 2. Abiotic components:- They are factors and materials of the physical environment. The materials include inorganic nutrients and organic remains. The organic remains consists of human substances, carbohydrate, lipide, proteins etc. The abiotic materials are air, water and soil.

88.

Describe the components of an ecosystem.

Answer»

An ecosystem has two types of components biotic and abiotic.

(1) Biotic components:-

There are living organisms present in an ecosystem. On the basis of their obtaining food, biotic components are of 3 types – produces, consumers and decomposers.

Producers – They are autotrophic components that includes phytoplankton, some algae floating, submerged and marginal plants.

The consumers are the organism like zooplankton, free swimming animals, bottom dwelling animals etc consumes producers as their food.

The decomposers are organisms (saprophytic) which obtain nourishment from organic remains they digest the organic remains by digestive enzyme and liberates inorganic nutrients. Because of this decomposers are called as mineralisers.

2. Abiotic components:-

They are factors and materials of the physical environment. The materials include inorganic nutrients and organic remains. The organic remains consists of human substances, carbohydrate, lipide, proteins

etc. The abiotic materials are air, water and soil.

Discussion

89.	The minimum number of components required for an ecosystem to survive:A. producer and decomposerB. producer and primary consumerC. producer and secondary consumerD. primary consumer and decomposer
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

90.	Choose the correct arrangement of plant communities(a) marsh meadow stage, free floating stage, scrub stage and forest stage(b) free floating stage, marsh meadow stage, scrub stage and forest stage(c) marsh meadow stage, free floating stage, scrub stage and forest stage(d) marsh meadow stage, woodland stage, scrub stage and forest stage
Answer» (b) free floating stage, marsh meadow stage, scrub stage and forest stage

Discussion

91.	What is the starting point of a grazing food chain and detritus food chain, respectively?
Answer» The grazing food chain starts with producers while the detritus food chain starts with decomposers.

Discussion

92.	Observe the ow chart on functional components of ecosystem given below.1. Identify the components given as A and B2. What is stratification?
Answer» 1. components given as A and B: A = Energy flow B = Nutrient cycling OR A = Nutrient cycling B = energy flow 2. Vertical distribution of different species occupying different levels.

92.

Observe the ow chart on functional components of ecosystem given below.1. Identify the components given as A and B2. What is stratification?

Answer»

1. components given as A and B:

A = Energy flow

B = Nutrient cycling

OR

A = Nutrient cycling

B = energy flow

2. Vertical distribution of different species occupying different levels.

Discussion

93.	In the second step of trophic level, the energy storage is primarily associated with(a) gross primary productivity(b) net primary productivity(c) secondary productivity(d) none of the above
Answer» (c) secondary productivity

Discussion

94.	Name the type of food chain responsible for the ow of larger fraction of energy in aquatic and a terrestrial ecosystem respectively. Mention one difference between two food chains.
Answer» In an aquatic ecosystem GFC is the major conduits for energy ow where as in terrestrial ecosystem a much larger fraction of energy ow through the detritus food chain than through the GFC. Detritus food chain may be connected with the grazing food chain at some levels. Difference between two food chains: Detritus food chain always start with dead organic matter where as GFC starts with plants.

94.

Name the type of food chain responsible for the ow of larger fraction of energy in aquatic and a terrestrial ecosystem respectively. Mention one difference between two food chains.

Answer»

In an aquatic ecosystem GFC is the major conduits for energy ow where as in terrestrial ecosystem a much larger fraction of energy ow through the detritus food chain than through the GFC. Detritus food chain may be connected with the grazing food chain at some levels.

Difference between two food chains:

Detritus food chain always start with dead organic matter where as GFC starts with plants.

Discussion

95.	Detritus food chain in comparison to grazing food chain is generallyA. longerB. equalC. shorterD. None of these
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

96.	Construct a grazing food chain and detritus food chain using the following, with 5 links each: Earthworm, bird, snake, vulture, grass, grasshopper, frog, decaying plant matter.
Answer» Grazing food chain: Grass → Grasshopper → Frog → Snake → Vulture OR Grass → Grasshopper → Bird → Snake → Vulture Detritus food chain: Decaying plant matter → Earthworm → Bird → Snake → Vulture

96.

Construct a grazing food chain and detritus food chain using the following, with 5 links each: Earthworm, bird, snake, vulture, grass, grasshopper, frog, decaying plant matter.

Answer»

Grazing food chain:

Grass → Grasshopper → Frog → Snake → Vulture

OR

Grass → Grasshopper → Bird → Snake → Vulture

Detritus food chain:

Decaying plant matter → Earthworm → Bird → Snake → Vulture

Discussion

97.	The plants efficiency of N2 absorption is promoted when the nitrogen source available in the form of(a) NO3- (b) NO2- (c) NH4+(d) none of the above
Answer» Answer is (a) NO^3-

Discussion

98.	In an ecosystem ow of energy through successive trophic levels decreases, this is very common in aquatic and terrestrial habitat.1. Write down the first and second thermodynamic laws supports energy flow 2. What do you meant by 10% law
Answer» In first law of thermodynamics energy can be transferred from one state to other while in second law of thermodynamics energy losses in the form of heat.

Discussion

99.	Primary productivity varies in different types of ecosystems. 1. What is meant by primary productivity.2. Give reason with suitable examples.
Answer» 1. Primary productivity is the amount of biomass or organic matter produced during photosynthesis. The gross primary productivity is the rate of production of organic matter during photosynthesis. A considerable amount of GPP is utilized by plant in respiration. The gross primary productivity – Respiration losses is the net primary productivity. 2. In some ecosystems producers number and nutrient content are not stable.

99.

Primary productivity varies in different types of ecosystems. 1. What is meant by primary productivity.2. Give reason with suitable examples.

Answer»

1. Primary productivity is the amount of biomass or organic matter produced during photosynthesis. The gross primary productivity is the rate of production of organic matter during photosynthesis.

A considerable amount of GPP is utilized by plant in respiration. The gross primary productivity – Respiration losses is the net primary productivity.

2. In some ecosystems producers number and nutrient content are not stable.

Discussion

100.	Detritus is the(a) dead remains of plants only(b) dead remains of plants and animals(c) excretory products of animals(d) both b and c
Answer» (d) both b and c

Discussion

Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

Identify the following food chain: Dead animal Blow fly maggots `rarr` Common Frog `rarr` SnakeA. Grazing food chainB. Predator food chainC. Parasitic food chainD. Detritus food chain

Pyramid of energy in an aquatic ecosystem isA. always uprightB. always invertedC. bell - shapedD. None of the above

Rabbit is aA. carnivoreB. herbivoreC. Both (a) and (b)D. detritivores

Which of the following organisms forms the decomposers ?A. PterisB. BacteriaC. Saprophytic fungiD. Both (b) and (c )

Pyramid that is never inverted is ofA. energyB. massC. numberD. size

Mr. X is eating curd/yoghut. For this food intake in a food chain he should be considered as occupyingA. First trophic levelB. Second trophic levelC. Third trophic levelD. Fourth trophic level

Productivity is the rate of production of biomass expressed in terms of (i) `("kcal"m^(-3))yr^(-1)` (ii) `g^(-2)yr^(-1)` (iii) `g^(-1)yr^(-1)` (iv) `("kcal"m^(-2))yr^(-1)`A. II and IB. Only IIIC. II and IVD. I and IV

Productivity is the rate of production of biomass expressed in terms of (i) `("kcal"m^(-3))yr^(-1)` (ii) `g^(-2)yr^(-1)` (iii) `g^(-1)yr^(-1)` (iv) `("kcal"m^(-2))yr^(-1)`A. iiB. iiiC. ii and ivD. I and iii

What is the structure and composition of a community expected to remain unchanged.

In a lake ecosystem, pyramid of biomass is:A. uprightB. invertedC. anything is possibleD. none is correct

Which kind of pyramid is represented by the given figure? A. Inverted pyramid of numbersB. Inverted pyramid of biomassC. Inverted pyramid of energyD. Both a and b

What kind of pyramid is represented by the given figure? A. Pyramid of numbers in a forest ecosystem.B. Pyramid of numbers in a parasitic food chain.C. Pyramid of biomass in a forest ecosystem.D. It is a wrong pyramid.

Secondary productivity is rate of formation of new organic matter by:A. ProducerB. ParasiteC. ConsumerD. Decomposer

Productivity is the rate of production of biomass expressed in terms of: `{:(i.("kcal m"^(-3))yr^(-1),,,ii.g^(-2)yr^(-1)),(iii.g^(-1)yr^(-1),,,iv. ("kcal m"^(-2))yr^(-1)):}`A. iiB. iiiC. ii and ivD. i and iii

In the pyramid of biomass given below, name 2 types of crops(i) One which is supported(ii) One which supports. In which ecosystem such type of pyramids found.

Which kind of exological pyramid is represented by the figure given below : A. Inverted pyramid of numbersB. Inverted pyramid of biomassC. Upright pyramid of energyD. Upright pyramid of numbers

Secondary productivity is rate of formation of new organic matter by:A. parasiteB. consumerC. decomposerD. producer

Which kind of ecological pyramid is represented by the figure given below: A. Inverted pyramid of numbers in a forest ecosystemB. Upright pyramid of biomass in a pond ecosystemC. Upright pyramid of energy in an aquatic ecosystemD. Inverted pyramid of energy in a grassland ecosystem

The given ecological pyramid best represents: A. upright pyramid of numbersB. upright pyramid of biomassC. Inverted pyramid of energyD. upright pyramid of energy

If an ecosystem is composed of only three trophic levels, then how much energy will be conserved at the third trophic levelA. `30%` of second trophic levelB. `20%` of second trophic levelC. `10%` of second trophic levelD. `0.1%` of second trophic level

In a stable ecosystem, which of the following limits the number of trophic levels ?A. BiomassB. The number of nutrientsC. Availability of nutrientsD. Presence of contaminants that increase in concentration along the food chain

Trophic levels in ecosystem is formed by:A. only plantsB. only bacteriaC. only herbivorousD. organisms linked in food chain

Trophic levels in ecosystem is formed byA. only bacteriaB. only plantsC. only herbivoresD. organisms linked in food chain

Desert can be converted into green land by plantingA. oxylophytesB. psammophytesC. halophytesD. trees

Trophic levels are formed byA. PlantsB. animalsC. organisms linked in food chainD. carnivores

Which of the following groups of organisms are ecologically similar?A. Producer protists and Consumer protistsB. Monerans and Producer protistsC. Consumer protists and FungiD. Monerans and Fungi

Which are ecologically similar ?A. Monerans and fungiB. Producers and consumers protistsC. Consumer protists and fungiD. Monerans and producer protists

Describe the components of an ecosystem.

The minimum number of components required for an ecosystem to survive:A. producer and decomposerB. producer and primary consumerC. producer and secondary consumerD. primary consumer and decomposer

What is the starting point of a grazing food chain and detritus food chain, respectively?

Observe the ow chart on functional components of ecosystem given below.1. Identify the components given as A and B2. What is stratification?

In the second step of trophic level, the energy storage is primarily associated with(a) gross primary productivity(b) net primary productivity(c) secondary productivity(d) none of the above

Name the type of food chain responsible for the ow of larger fraction of energy in aquatic and a terrestrial ecosystem respectively. Mention one difference between two food chains.

Detritus food chain in comparison to grazing food chain is generallyA. longerB. equalC. shorterD. None of these

Construct a grazing food chain and detritus food chain using the following, with 5 links each: Earthworm, bird, snake, vulture, grass, grasshopper, frog, decaying plant matter.

The plants efficiency of N2 absorption is promoted when the nitrogen source available in the form of(a) NO3- (b) NO2- (c) NH4+(d) none of the above

In an ecosystem ow of energy through successive trophic levels decreases, this is very common in aquatic and terrestrial habitat.1. Write down the first and second thermodynamic laws supports energy flow 2. What do you meant by 10% law

Primary productivity varies in different types of ecosystems. 1. What is meant by primary productivity.2. Give reason with suitable examples.

Detritus is the(a) dead remains of plants only(b) dead remains of plants and animals(c) excretory products of animals(d) both b and c