1382 + Interview Questions in ECOSYSTEM IN GENERAL AWARENESS Page 6 InterviewSolution

251.	Mangrove vegetation is found inA. Dehradoon valleyB. Kullu valleyC. Western ghatsD. Sundervans
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

252.	If 20 J of energy is trapped at producer level, then how much energy will be available to peacock as food in the following chain? Plant `rarr` Mice `rarr` Snake `rarr` PeacockA. `0.2 J`B. `0.0002 J`C. `0.02 J`D. `0.002 J`
Answer» Correct Answer - C Plant `to 20J` Mice `to 20xx10%=2J` Snake `to 2xx10%=0.2J` Peacock ` to 0.2xx10%=0.02J`.

Discussion

253.	Approximately how much of the solar energy that falls on the leaves of a plant is converted to chemical energy by photosynthesis?A. `30%`B. `50%`C. `2-10%`D. Less than `1%`
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

254.	Importance of ecosystem lies in:A. cycling of materialsB. flow of energyC. Both of theseD. none of these
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

255.	In an ecosystem, which of the following occurs in abiotic components?A. Flow of energyB. Cycling of materialsC. Both of theseD. None of these
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

256.	Which of the following is a functional aspect of an ecosystem?A. Species compositionB. Inorganic nutrientsC. HomeostasisD. Topography
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

257.	The amount of biogenetic nutrients present in the abiotic environment per unit area at any time is called.A. standing nutrientB. standing stateC. standing cropD. None of these
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

258.	The amount of biogenetic nutrients present in the abiotic environment per unit area at any time is called.A. Standing stateB. Standing cropC. NPPD. Nutrients immobilization
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

259.	Amount of nutrients uptake is equal to the amount ofA. recycled nutrientB. non-recycled nutrientC. absorbed nutrientD. none of these
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

260.	In Barren lands succession continuous and forms climax vegetation after many years1. Name the Pioneer community formed.2. Which is the community comes next to Pioneer community?
Answer» 1. lichen 2. bryophytes

260.

In Barren lands succession continuous and forms climax vegetation after many years1. Name the Pioneer community formed.2. Which is the community comes next to Pioneer community?

Answer»

1. lichen

2. bryophytes

Discussion

261.	During ecological successionA. the gradual and predictable change in species composition occurs in a given areaB. the establishmnt of a new biotic community is very fast in its primary phaseC. the numbers and types of animals remain constantD. the changes lead to a community that is in near equilibrium with the environment and is called pioneer community
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

262.	Secondary/Succession takes place on/in :A. Newly created pondB. Newly cooled lavaC. bare rockD. Degraded forest
Answer» Correct Answer - D Secondary Succession takes place in degraded forest.

Discussion

263.	Secondary succession takes place on/inA. degraded forestB. Newly created pondC. newly cooled lavaD. Bare rock
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

264.	Assertion: Secondary succession taked place i recently. Reason : It is caused due to baing of an area.A. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.C. If assertion is true but reason is false.D. If both assertion and reason are false.
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

265.	Which one of the following statements is correct for secondary succession?A. It is similar to primary succession except that it has a relatively fast pace.B. It begins on a bare rockC. It occurs on a deforested siteD. It follows primary successtion
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

266.	Ecosystem has two components:A. Plants and animalsB. Weeds and treesC. Biotic and abioticD. Frog and men
Answer» Correct Answer - C The ecosystem, comprises abiotic and biotic component. The entire living community comprising plants and animals constitute the biotic component whereas the entire physical enviroment forms the abiotic component.

Discussion

267.	Green plants in an ecosytem are calledA. Food chainB. Food webC. Both the aboveD. None of the above
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

268.	Approximately how much of the solar energy that falls on the leaves of a plant is converted to chemical energy by photosynthesis?A. Less than `1%`B. `2-10%`C. `30%`D. `50%`
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

269.	Green plants constituteA. First trophic levelB. Second trophic levelC. Third trophic levelD. Complete food chain
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

270.	When peacock eats snakes which eat insects thriving on green plants, the peacock isA. A primary consumerB. A primary decomposerC. Final decomposerD. The apex of food pyramid
Answer» Correct Answer - D Because peacock is the top consumer.

Discussion

271.	Dunaliella, a green alga is a halophyte, which storesA. ProlineB. SorbitolC. GlycerolD. None of these
Answer» Correct Answer - C A green halophytic alga Dunaliela, found in hypersaline lakes, accumulates glycerol in its cells to help in osmoregulation.

Discussion

272.	Putrefying organisms areA. producer organismsB. reducer organismsC. consumer organismsD. parasitic organisms
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

273.	How much of the net primary productivity of a terrestrial ecosystem is eaten and digested by herbivores?A. `1%`B. `10%`C. `40%`D. `90%`
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

274.	Assertion: Primary succession occurs over a primarlly bare area where there was no living matter from the very beginning Reason: During primary succession, reproductive structures of the previous occupants give rise to a new seral community as soon as the conditions become favourable.
Answer» Correct Answer - C Primary succession (or prisere) is the biotic succession that occurs on a previously sterile or primarily bare area. Newly exposed sea floor, igneous rocks, sand dunes, new cooled lava sediments or newly submerged areas are some of the examples of primary bare area. Soil and humus is absent at the beginning of primary succession and reproductive structures of any previous community and primary succession takes a long time for completion.

Discussion

275.	In an open ocean, the biomass of primary produceres (microscopic algae) is often lower than the biomass of higher trophic levels (zooplanktons and fish), as illustrated below by an inverted pyramid of biomass. How can there be enough food in an open ocean to suppor the higher trophic levels? A. The microscopic primary producers are a source of food of high quality.B. The microscopic primary producers have high rates of growth and reproduction.C. The microscopic primary producers are less abundant.D. The higher trophic levels are cold-blooded animals which do not require much food.
Answer» Correct Answer - B In an open ocean, the large numbers of phytoplankton quickly complete their life cycles and sets of new propulation or crops of phytoplankton are formed every few hours or days. Thus, the cumulative energy contents that these generation after generation of phytoplankton trap in course of a year is certainly much more than trapped by only a few generations of of herbivorous fishes in the corresponding time and space.

Discussion

276.	Assertion: In most ecosystem , all the pyramids, of number, energy and biomass are upright. Reason: In a food chain producers are more in number and biomass than the herbivores, and herbivores are more in number and biomass and carnivores.A. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.C. If assertion is true but reason is false.D. If both assertion and reason are false.
Answer» Correct Answer - A In most ecosystems, all the pyramids , of number, energy and biomass are upright , because in a food chain producers are more in number and biomass than the herbivores, and herbivores are more in number and biomass than carnivores.

Discussion

277.	Assertion: The loss of biologically useful energy as heat with every energy transfer in a food chain is a consequence of the second law of thermodynamics. Reason: Energy does not remain trapped permanetly in any organism. It is either passed on to higher trophic level or becomes available to detritivores and decomposers after the organism dies.
Answer» Correct Answer - B According to second law of thermodynamics, every activity involing energy transformation is accompanied by dissipation of energy. In other words, the loss of biologically useful energy as heat with every energy transfer in a food chain is a consequence of the second law of thermodynamics. Every time energy is transferred from one place to another or transformed from one kind to another, some of it is converted into heat. An organism transfers chemcial energy from to the chemical glucose or fatty acids to ATP (cellular respiration ) and then to the chemical bonds of new molecules (during molecular synthesis), and transforms chemical energy into activ transport of molecules, muscle contractions, and a variety of other activities, which are essential to life. Because every living organism continuously converts chemical energy into heat, there is always a loss of chemical energy with each step in a food chain. Energy does not remain trapped permanently in any organism. It is either passed on to the higher trophic level or becomes available to detrivores and decomposers after the organism dies. Death of organism is the beginning of the detritus food chain/web.

Discussion

278.	Choose odd one out w.r.t. consumers Insects Chemosynthetic bacteria Tadpole
Answer» Chemosynthetic bacteria.

Discussion

279.	Maximum species diversity is associated with tropical rain forest.
Answer» Correct Answer - True

Discussion

280.	Name an organism found as secondary carnivore in an aquatic ecosystem.
Answer» In an aquatic ecosystem, food chain can be drawn as follows Producer (Phytoplankton) `to` Primary consumer (Zooplankton) `to` Secondary consumer (small fish and water beetle)(Ist to carnivore)`to` Tertiary consumer (Iind carnivore like large fish, water birds like fowl and duck). So, the large fish and water birds like ducks and water fowls which are the tertiary consumers in an aquatic ecosystem occupy a position of secondary carnivove.

Discussion

281.	Assertion: In a marine aquatic ecosystem, the biomass of phytoplanktons (producers) at any given time, is lower than the biomass of zooplanktons (primary consumers). Reason: Phytoplanktons are consumed almost as rapidly as they are formed and thus have shorter life spans.
Answer» Correct Answer - A In a marine aquatic ecosystem, the biomass of phytoplanktons (producers) is smaller than that of zooplanktons (primary consumers) and the biomass of zooplanktons is smaller than that of secondary consumers. This results in the inverted pyramid of biomass in an aquatic ecosystem. This shape is the consequence of the very short life spans of phytoplanktons, which are consumed almost as rapidly as they are formed.

Discussion

282.	Assertion: Crustose lichens, in a lithosere, secrete organic acids causing the weathring of rocks so that minerals essential for proper growth of lichens are released. Reason: Early colonists in a primary suceession are usually lichens, which suggests that colonisation is easier when an organism has a mutualistic association.
Answer» Correct Answer - B The pioneer community in a lithosere (biotic succession on bare rock ) is constituted by lichens. The pioneer lichens are usually crustose lichens such as Graphis, Rhizocarpon, etc. Lichens can tolerate desiccation. They produce organic acids which cause weathering of rocks so that minerals essential for proper growth of lichens are released. Lichens hold the fine particles of rock and initiate soil formation. It paves the way for growth of next seral community. Lichens are dual organisms which contain a permanent symbiotic association of a fungus and an alga. Early colonisation by lichens suggests that colonisation is easier when the organism has mutulistic association.

Discussion

283.	Vertical stratification is more diverse in grassland than desert ecosystem.
Answer» Correct Answer - True

Discussion

284.	Assertion: Aquatic herbivores are usually more productive as compared to terrestrial herbivores. Reason: Phytoplanktons achieve faster grwoth rate and more nutritous to heterotrophs than their terrestril counterparts due to their small size and lack of structural tissues.
Answer» Correct Answer - A Most plant material is not consumed or is not digested by terrestrial herbivores, because plants have so much structural material. Most algal material (phytoplanktons) is consumed and digested by aquatic herbivores, because algae have very little structural material. Moreover, phytoplanktons turn over much more rapidly than terrestrial plants, so biomass at any given time is low as compared to the productivity. Phytoplanktons grow and reproduce rapidly, so a small mass can have a faster rate of primary production. In contrast, terrestrial primary producers grow and reproduce slowly. Thus, terrestrial herbivores are less productive than aquatic herbivores.

Discussion

285.	Which most often limits the primary productivity of the ecosystem?A. OxygenB. NitrogenC. ConsumersD. Solar radiation/Light
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

286.	Which ecological pyramid can never occur in an inverted form?A. Pyramid of numberB. Pyramid of biomassC. Pyramid of energyD. Pyramid of species richness
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

287.	Decomposers are:A. autotrophsB. heterotrophsC. organotrophsD. autoheterotrophs
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

288.	Bacteria and fungi developing on dead decaying organisms areA. ParasitesB. CommensalsC. SaprophytesD. Symbionts
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

289.	Phytoplanktons are important biotic components ofA. GrasslandB. Pond ecosystemC. Forest ecosystemD. None of these
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

290.	Most diverse organism of an ecosystem is:A. producerB. consumerC. carnivoresD. decomposer
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

291.	In an aquatic ecosystem, the organism present at the trophic level equivalent to cows in grasslands isA. nektonB. BenthosC. PhytoplanktonD. zooplankton
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

292.	An organism that feeds on dead organic matter other than bacteria or fungi is called:A. producerB. consumerC. detritivoreD. decomposer
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

293.	Which one of the following organism from the decomposers ?A. PterisB. BacteriaC. Saprophytic fungiD. Both (b) and (c )
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

294.	If phytoplanktons are destroyed in the sea, thenA. it will affect food chainB. no effectC. algae will get more spaceD. primary consumer will grow more
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

295.	Purefying ( `O_(2)` produced ) organism areA. producer organismsB. reducer organismsC. consumer organismsD. parasitic organisms
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

296.	The final stable community in ecological succession is:A. Seral CommunityB. Pioneer CommunityC. EcosereD. Climax Community
Answer» Correct Answer - D Climax community is the stable, self perpetuating and final biotic community that develops at the end iof biotic succession and is in perfect harmony with the physical environment.

Discussion

297.	In ecological succession from pioneer to climax community, the biomass shallA. DecreaseB. Increase and then decreaseC. No relationD. Increase continuosly
Answer» Correct Answer - D In ecological succession from pioneer to climax community , the biomass shall increase continuously.

Discussion

298.	In ecological succession the climax community is best recognised by the following stateA. `P=R`B. PgtR`C. `PltR`D. `Pcancel=R`
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

299.	Phytoplanktons are dominant in which of the following zones?A. Limnetic zoneB. Proound zoneC. Littoral zoneD. Benthic zone
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

300.	Name the kind of organisms which constitute the pioneer community of xerarch and hydrarch succession, respectively.
Answer» Xerarch succession—Lichens. Hydrarch succession—Phytoplanktons

300.

Name the kind of organisms which constitute the pioneer community of xerarch and hydrarch succession, respectively.

Answer»

Xerarch succession—Lichens.

Hydrarch succession—Phytoplanktons

Discussion

Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

Mangrove vegetation is found inA. Dehradoon valleyB. Kullu valleyC. Western ghatsD. Sundervans

If 20 J of energy is trapped at producer level, then how much energy will be available to peacock as food in the following chain? Plant `rarr` Mice `rarr` Snake `rarr` PeacockA. `0.2 J`B. `0.0002 J`C. `0.02 J`D. `0.002 J`

Approximately how much of the solar energy that falls on the leaves of a plant is converted to chemical energy by photosynthesis?A. `30%`B. `50%`C. `2-10%`D. Less than `1%`

Importance of ecosystem lies in:A. cycling of materialsB. flow of energyC. Both of theseD. none of these

In an ecosystem, which of the following occurs in abiotic components?A. Flow of energyB. Cycling of materialsC. Both of theseD. None of these

Which of the following is a functional aspect of an ecosystem?A. Species compositionB. Inorganic nutrientsC. HomeostasisD. Topography

The amount of biogenetic nutrients present in the abiotic environment per unit area at any time is called.A. standing nutrientB. standing stateC. standing cropD. None of these

The amount of biogenetic nutrients present in the abiotic environment per unit area at any time is called.A. Standing stateB. Standing cropC. NPPD. Nutrients immobilization

Amount of nutrients uptake is equal to the amount ofA. recycled nutrientB. non-recycled nutrientC. absorbed nutrientD. none of these

In Barren lands succession continuous and forms climax vegetation after many years1. Name the Pioneer community formed.2. Which is the community comes next to Pioneer community?

Secondary/Succession takes place on/in :A. Newly created pondB. Newly cooled lavaC. bare rockD. Degraded forest

Secondary succession takes place on/inA. degraded forestB. Newly created pondC. newly cooled lavaD. Bare rock

Which one of the following statements is correct for secondary succession?A. It is similar to primary succession except that it has a relatively fast pace.B. It begins on a bare rockC. It occurs on a deforested siteD. It follows primary successtion

Ecosystem has two components:A. Plants and animalsB. Weeds and treesC. Biotic and abioticD. Frog and men

Green plants in an ecosytem are calledA. Food chainB. Food webC. Both the aboveD. None of the above

Approximately how much of the solar energy that falls on the leaves of a plant is converted to chemical energy by photosynthesis?A. Less than `1%`B. `2-10%`C. `30%`D. `50%`

Green plants constituteA. First trophic levelB. Second trophic levelC. Third trophic levelD. Complete food chain

When peacock eats snakes which eat insects thriving on green plants, the peacock isA. A primary consumerB. A primary decomposerC. Final decomposerD. The apex of food pyramid

Dunaliella, a green alga is a halophyte, which storesA. ProlineB. SorbitolC. GlycerolD. None of these

Putrefying organisms areA. producer organismsB. reducer organismsC. consumer organismsD. parasitic organisms

How much of the net primary productivity of a terrestrial ecosystem is eaten and digested by herbivores?A. `1%`B. `10%`C. `40%`D. `90%`

Assertion: Primary succession occurs over a primarlly bare area where there was no living matter from the very beginning Reason: During primary succession, reproductive structures of the previous occupants give rise to a new seral community as soon as the conditions become favourable.

Choose odd one out w.r.t. consumers Insects Chemosynthetic bacteria Tadpole

Maximum species diversity is associated with tropical rain forest.

Name an organism found as secondary carnivore in an aquatic ecosystem.

Assertion: In a marine aquatic ecosystem, the biomass of phytoplanktons (producers) at any given time, is lower than the biomass of zooplanktons (primary consumers). Reason: Phytoplanktons are consumed almost as rapidly as they are formed and thus have shorter life spans.

Vertical stratification is more diverse in grassland than desert ecosystem.

Assertion: Aquatic herbivores are usually more productive as compared to terrestrial herbivores. Reason: Phytoplanktons achieve faster grwoth rate and more nutritous to heterotrophs than their terrestril counterparts due to their small size and lack of structural tissues.

Which most often limits the primary productivity of the ecosystem?A. OxygenB. NitrogenC. ConsumersD. Solar radiation/Light

Which ecological pyramid can never occur in an inverted form?A. Pyramid of numberB. Pyramid of biomassC. Pyramid of energyD. Pyramid of species richness

Decomposers are:A. autotrophsB. heterotrophsC. organotrophsD. autoheterotrophs

Bacteria and fungi developing on dead decaying organisms areA. ParasitesB. CommensalsC. SaprophytesD. Symbionts

Phytoplanktons are important biotic components ofA. GrasslandB. Pond ecosystemC. Forest ecosystemD. None of these

Most diverse organism of an ecosystem is:A. producerB. consumerC. carnivoresD. decomposer

In an aquatic ecosystem, the organism present at the trophic level equivalent to cows in grasslands isA. nektonB. BenthosC. PhytoplanktonD. zooplankton

An organism that feeds on dead organic matter other than bacteria or fungi is called:A. producerB. consumerC. detritivoreD. decomposer

Which one of the following organism from the decomposers ?A. PterisB. BacteriaC. Saprophytic fungiD. Both (b) and (c )

If phytoplanktons are destroyed in the sea, thenA. it will affect food chainB. no effectC. algae will get more spaceD. primary consumer will grow more

Purefying ( `O_(2)` produced ) organism areA. producer organismsB. reducer organismsC. consumer organismsD. parasitic organisms

The final stable community in ecological succession is:A. Seral CommunityB. Pioneer CommunityC. EcosereD. Climax Community

In ecological succession from pioneer to climax community, the biomass shallA. DecreaseB. Increase and then decreaseC. No relationD. Increase continuosly

In ecological succession the climax community is best recognised by the following stateA. `P=R`B. PgtR`C. `PltR`D. `Pcancel=R`

Phytoplanktons are dominant in which of the following zones?A. Limnetic zoneB. Proound zoneC. Littoral zoneD. Benthic zone

Name the kind of organisms which constitute the pioneer community of xerarch and hydrarch succession, respectively.