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InterviewSolution
This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 351. |
The pyramid which cannot be inverted in a stable ecosystem is that ofA. BiomassB. Number of individualsC. EnergyD. All of the above |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Pyramid of energy is graphic representation of amount of energy trapped per unit time and area in different trophic levels of a food chain with producers forming the base and top carnivores or consumers the tip. It is always upright in shape. |
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| 352. |
“In a food-chain, a trophic level represents a functional level, not a species.” Explain. |
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Answer» A given species may occupy more than one trophic level in the same ecosystem (in different food chains) at the given time. If the function of the mode of nutrition of species changes, its position shall change in the trophic levels. The same species can be at primary consumer level in one food chain and at secondary consumer level in another food chain in the same ecosystem at the given time. |
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| 353. |
Identify the type of the given ecological pyramid and give one example each of pyramid of number and pyramid of biomass in such cases. |
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Answer» The given ecological pyramid is the inverted pyramid. Inverted pyramid of biomass in a lake: Phytoplankton → Zooplankton → fishes. Inverted pyramid of number: Tree → insects → birds. |
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| 354. |
Major communities of the world areA. shrubs, jungles and gardensB. ocean, grassland and forest communitiesC. parks, ponds and lakesD. both (2) and (3) |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 355. |
Which of these belong to the category of primary consumers ?A. Eagle and tigersB. Fishes and whalesC. Snakes and frogsD. Insects and cattles |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 356. |
Which of the does not add to the adaptability and competitiveness of the organisms ?A. Food webB. Trophic levelC. PyramidD. Food chain |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 357. |
Which is wrongly matched ?A. Rhizobium - Free-living nitrogen fixerB. Humpus - Biotic componentC. Phosphorus - SedimentaryD. Shorea robusta - Tropical deciduous forest |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 358. |
Eichhornia crassipes isA. Desert plantB. ParasiteC. Water plantD. Terrestrial plant |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 359. |
These belong to the category of primary consumers:A. Snakes and frogsB. Water insectsC. Eagle and snakesD. Insects and cattle |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 360. |
Which one of the following is a primary consumer?A. CarnivoreB. HerbivoreC. ProducerD. None of these |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 361. |
In a food chain, the largest population is that ofA. primary consumersB. Tertiary consumersC. producerD. decomposers |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C The largest number of population is producers but it varies due to different types of ecosystem but majorly producers represents the larger number of population. Correct Option is (C) producers Producers are present in largest number in any food chain. |
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| 362. |
Which one of the following has the largest population in a food chain?A. ProducersB. Primary consumersC. Secondary consumersD. Decomposer |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Producers Decomposers include micro-organisms such as bacteria and fungi. They form the largest population but they are not included in the food chain. So, producers are the largest one in a food chain. |
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| 363. |
In a food chain, the largest population is that ofA. DecomposersB. ProducersC. Primary consumersD. Tertiary consumers |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Producers are present in largest number in any food chain. |
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| 364. |
Ecosystem containsA. Food webB. Food chainC. Both A and BD. None of the above |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Ecosystem contains both food web and food chain. |
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| 365. |
In a food chain, the largest population is that ofA. ProducersB. DecomposersC. Secondary consumersD. Primary consumers |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A In a food chain , the largest population is that of producers. |
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| 366. |
Which one of the following has the largest population in a food chain?A. ProducersB. decomposersC. Primary consumersD. Secondary consumers |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 367. |
A group of intercooected food chain is called aA. pyramid of energyB. complex food chainC. food webD. food cycle |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 368. |
Which of the following is not uesd for construting of ecological pyramidsA. Dry weightB. Number of individualsC. Rate of energy flowD. Salinity |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Ecological pyramids are the graphical respresentation of the trophic structures and function at successive trophic levles. Ecological pyramids are of three general types , liseted as here under . (a) Pyramid of biomass , showing the total dry weight of living matter . (c ) Pyramid of energy , showing the rate of energy flow/productivity at successive trophic levels . Thus , fresh weight is not used for the construction of ecological pyramids. |
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| 369. |
Pyramid of biomass is always upright. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - False. | |
| 370. |
What is the magnitude of energy at `T_2` and `T_3` level in the given figure ? |
| Answer» `1J-T_2 : 0.1 J-T_3` . | |
| 371. |
Mention names of two omnivores |
| Answer» Correct Answer - Cockroaches, Crow, | |
| 372. |
The gradual change in the species composition of a given area leading to the formation of climax community is called ecological succession. In a rocky area,(a) What is the expected type of pioneer species? (b) How this pioneer species leads to the establishment of a stable climax community? |
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Answer» (a) lichens (b) lichens -> mosses -> herbs -> shrubs >forest. These are different stages and leads to stable climax community. |
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| 373. |
Mention the trophic level of organism given below.A. Fruit eating birdsB. ZooplanktonsC. GrassesD. Chemosynthetic bacteria . |
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Answer» (i) `T_2` (ii) `T_2` (iii) `T_1` (iv) `T_1` |
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| 374. |
Fill up the blanks with appropriate terms in the given pyramid of trophic level: |
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Answer» b – Primary consumer a- secondary consumer |
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| 375. |
Mention the raw material of decomposition. Which step of decomposition is performed by detrivores ? |
| Answer» Raw material of decomposition is detritus . Fragmentation is performed by detrivores resulting in breakage of larger size organic matter into smaller one which increases surface area of action of microbes. | |
| 376. |
What constitute food for detrivores ? |
| Answer» Dead organic matter and decomposers acting on it serve as food for detrivores. | |
| 377. |
Which one of the following has the largest population in a food chain ........(a) Producers (b) Primary consumers (c) Secondary consumers (d) Decomposers |
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Answer» (a) Producers |
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| 378. |
Kalyani wrote man, hen, earthworm, mango-tree in her note book. Arrange the terms in a food chain sequence. Explain food chain and name the types of food chain. |
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Answer» Earth worm—> Hen —> Man —> Mango tree The transfer of food from the producers through a series of organisms with repeated eating and being eaten is referred to as Food chain Detritus food chain |
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| 379. |
Detrivores are(a) detritus eating vertebrates (b) detritus eating fungus (c) detritus decomposing bacteria(d) detritus eating invertebrates |
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Answer» (d) detritus eating invertebrates |
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| 380. |
In nature there is no independent food chain.1. Do you agree with the statement? Justify?2. Decomposers have important role in nutrient cycling. Substantiate. |
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Answer» 1. Yes. The members of one food chain depends the members of other food chains and forms interconnections. 2. Detritus or dead remains are broken down by detritivores catabolism results in breaking down of complex molecules by decomposers. This results in the formation of mineral nutrients into the soil, thereby recycling of nutrients are achieved. |
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| 381. |
How fig tree is benefited to its pollinator wasp?(a) Pollens are edible(b) Wasp lays eggs in fig fruits(c) Floral petal resembles female to pseudo copulate(d) All of these |
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Answer» (b) Wasp lays eggs in fig fruits |
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| 382. |
Which of the following contribute to the carbon cycle? (a) Photosynthesis (b) Respiration (c) Fossil fuel combustion (d) All of these |
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Answer» (d) All of these |
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| 383. |
While visiting a forest, Ranjan’s grandfather told that long back it was a pond.1. Name the phenomenon takes place here.2. Write down the different stages of that process. |
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Answer» 1. Hydrach 2. Phytoplankton stage – Submerged plant-stage – Submerged free floaloting plant stage – Reed swamp stage – Marsh meadow stage — Scrub stage – Forest stage. |
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| 384. |
Human activities have significantly influenced the carbon cycle by increasing the amount of CO2 production. Justify this statement with minimum two points. |
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Answer» 1. It lead to rapid deforestation. 2. Massive burning of fossil fuel for energy and transport. |
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| 385. |
Is an aquarium a complete ecosystem? |
| Answer» Aquarium is a man made ecosystem (artificial). if an ecosystem possess all physical and bioiogicai component, then it is said to be complete. Since aquarium has biotic (plants and fishes) and abiotic component (air. water) required for survival of fishes. so it is an complete ecosystem. | |
| 386. |
Human activities interfere with carbon cycle. List any two such activities. |
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Answer» Two human activities that interfere with carbon cycles are (i) Rapid deforestation and (ii) Massive burning of fossil fuel for energy and transport. |
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| 387. |
What could be the reason for the faster rate of decomposition in the tropics? |
| Answer» Tropics are characterised by high temperature and moisture and soil is rich in humus and minerals. As the decomposition rate is regulated by climatic factors, thus optinum temperature and humidity enhance the activity of decomposrs while the dead remain is also available in rich amount, which supports the faster rate of decomposition in the tropics. | |
| 388. |
If we count the number of insects on a tree and number of small birds depending on those insects as also the number of larger birds eating the smaller, what kind of pyramid of number would we get? |
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Answer» Inverted Pyramid of Number. |
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| 389. |
Decomposition is faster if deteritus is rich in nitrogen and water soluble substance like sugars. When is the decomposition process slower? |
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Answer» Its slower if detritus is rich in lignin and chitin. |
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| 390. |
List any two ways of measuring the standing crop of a trophic level. |
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Answer» Standing crop is measured as the biomass or the number in a unit area. |
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| 391. |
State what does ‘standing crop’ of a trophic level represent. |
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Answer» Standing crop represents the mass of living material (biomass) at a particular time. |
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| 392. |
Which one of the following always have steeper slope?A. Pyramid of biomassB. Pyramid of energyC. Pyramid of numberD. None of these |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 393. |
Assertion (A) : Energy pyramid is slopping. Reason (R ) : The energy of one trophic level is lower than another level as we go up.A. Both (A) and (R ) are true and (R ) is the correct explanation of (A)B. Both (A) and (R ) are true but (R ) is not the correct explanation of (A)C. (A) is true statement but (R ) is falseD. Both (A) and (R ) are false |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 394. |
Hydrophytes are characterised byA. Thick and large leafB. Delicate and mucilagenous stemC. Short spinous stemD. All of the above |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B In hydrophytes stem is long. Slender spongy and flexible which often covered with mucilage. |
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| 395. |
Given a scheme or flow chart responding flow of energy in an ecosystem. |
| Answer» Producers `to` Herbivores `to` Carnivores. | |
| 396. |
Define primary production. |
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Answer» It is defined as the amount of biomass or organic matter produced per unit area over a certain time period by plants during photosynthesis. |
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| 397. |
List two factors that determine the vegetation and soil type of an ecosystem. |
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Answer» Two factors that determine the vegetation and soil type of an ecosystem are: i. Precipitation ii. Temperature. |
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| 398. |
What is the approximate value of net primary productivity of the biosphere? |
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Answer» The approximate value of net primary productivity of the biosphere is 170 billion tonnes of (dry weight) organic matter. |
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| 399. |
Global area occupied by oceans is __________but productivity contributions is _________ |
| Answer» More (70%) , Less (55 billion tons) | |
| 400. |
Define mineralisation. |
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Answer» It is the process in which the humus is degraded by certain microbes and thus inorganic nutrients are released. |
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