1382 + Interview Questions in ECOSYSTEM IN GENERAL AWARENESS Page 9 InterviewSolution

401.	Birds and fishes belong to tropic levelA. `T_(1)`B. `T_(2)`C. `T_(3)`D. `T_(4)`
Answer» Correct Answer - C Birds and fishes belongs to `T_(3)//2^(@)` consumer.

Discussion

402.	What is meant by humification?
Answer» The process of formation of humus from detritus or organic matter is called humification.

Discussion

403.	Approximately how much of the solar energy that falls on the leaves of a plant is converted to chemical energy by photosynthesisA. `1-5%`B. `2-10%`C. `30%`D. `50%`
Answer» Correct Answer - A Approximately 1.5% of the solar energy that falls on the leaves of a plant is converted to chemical energy by photosynthesis .

Discussion

404.	Cow and zooplanktons lies at tropic levelA. `T_(1)`B. `T_(2)`C. `T_(3)`D. `T_(4)`
Answer» Correct Answer - B Cow and zooplanktons lies at trophic level `T_(2)//1^(@)` consumer

Discussion

405.	The plants in which vascular tissues are absent and well developed aerenchyma is present, areA. XerophytesB. HalophytesC. HydrophytesD. Mesophytes
Answer» Correct Answer - C Aerenchyama helps in floating of hydrophyte plants.

Discussion

406.	For their energy demnds, organisms at each tropic level depend on those at theA. Lower tropic levelB. Higher trophic levelC. Any trophic levelD. Sunlight
Answer» Correct Answer - A For their energy demans , organisms at ech trophic level depend on those at the lower tropic level.

Discussion

407.	The second tropic level in the lake isA. ZooplanktonsB. PhytoplanktonC. BenthosD. Fishes
Answer» Correct Answer - A The second trophic level in the lake is zooplankton.

Discussion

408.	Mechanical tissue is best developed inA. HydrophytesB. HalophytesC. XerophytesD. Mesophytes
Answer» Correct Answer - C Mechanical tissues like collenchyma and scerenchyma are well developed in xerophytes.

Discussion

409.	Primary succession is development of communities onA. Cleared forest areaB. Previously unoccupied sitesC. Freshly harvested crop fieldD. Pond filled after a day season
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

410.	The sequence of communities of primary succession in water isA. Phytoplankton, sedges, free - floating hydrophytes, rooted hydrophytes, grasses and treesB. Phytoplankton, free- floating hydrophytes, rooted hydrophytes, sedges, grasses and treesC. Free - floating hydrophytes, sedges, phytoplankton roots hydrophytes, grasses and treesD. Phytoplankton, rooted submerged hydrophytes, floating hydrophytes, reed swamp, sedges, meadow and trees
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

411.	Carnivores representA. Primary consumersB. Secondary and tertiary consumersC. Secondary consumersD. Reducers
Answer» Correct Answer - B Carnivores represent secondary and tertiary consumers.

Discussion

412.	Food chain isA. Number of human beings forming a chain for foodB. Animals near a source of foodC. Transfer of food energy from producers to consumersD. None of the above
Answer» Correct Answer - C Food chain is transfer of food energy from producers to consumers.

Discussion

413.	Which can be the tropic level of a loin in a forest ecosystem ?A. `T_(3)`B. `T_(2)`C. `T_(4)`D. `T_(1)`
Answer» Correct Answer - C Lion and man lies in the fourth trophic level/`T_(4)`.

Discussion

414.	The primary succession refers to the development of communities on aA. forest clearing after devastaing fireB. newly-exposed habital with no record of earlier vegetationC. freshyly cleared crop fieldD. pond, freshly filled with water after a dry phase
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

415.	In food chain initial organisms areA. Increased total energyB. Less total energy contentC. More total energy contentD. Non estimated energy content
Answer» Correct Answer - B In food web, each successive trophic level has less total energy content as per law of Lindeman. Some energy is lost in transfer from one another level.

Discussion

416.	Which one of the following has the largest population in a food chain ?A. ProducersB. Primary consumersC. Secondary consumersD. Decomposers
Answer» Correct Answer - A producers has the largest population in a food chain.

Discussion

417.	Frog feeding on herbivores insect isA. Primary consumersB. Secondary consumerC. Tertiary consumerD. Top carnivore
Answer» Correct Answer - B `{:("Grass", to, "Insect", to ,"Frog"),("Producer" ,,"Herbivore",,"carnivore"),(,,(1^(@)"consumer"),,(2^(@)"consumer")):}`

Discussion

418.	In an ecosystem , tropic level of man isA. ProducerB. HerbivoreC. OmnivoreD. Carnivore
Answer» Correct Answer - C In an ecosystem , trophic level of man is omnivore.

Discussion

419.	Measurement of biomass is more accurate in terms ofA. Fresh weightB. Dry weightC. Both A and BD. None of the above
Answer» Correct Answer - B The biomass of a species is expressed in termsof fresh or dry weight. Measurement of biomass in terms of dry weight is more accurate because fresh weight may vary according to seasonal variation in moisture.

Discussion

420.	In a food chain, the initial organisms areA. Top consumersB. Secondary consumerC. primary consumersD. Photosynthesisers
Answer» Correct Answer - D In a food chain, the initial organisms are photosnthesis/`1^(@)`producers/autotrophs.

Discussion

421.	The biomass of a species is expressed in terms ofA. Fresh weightB. Dry weightC. Both A and BD. None of the above
Answer» Correct Answer - C The biomass of a species is expreseed in terms of fresh weight or dry weight.

Discussion

422.	Which group of organism occupies the third tropic level in an ecosystem? (a) Primary consumers (b) Secondary consumers (c) Secondary carnivores (d) Omnivores
Answer» (b) Secondary consumers

Discussion

423.	Each succesive tropic level hasA. Less total energyB. More total energyC. Increased total energyD. Non-estimated energy contents
Answer» Correct Answer - A Each successive trophic level has less total energy as only 10% energy passes from one trophic level to another.

Discussion

424.	Give an account of energy flow in an ecosystem.
Answer» Rate of energy transfer between the organisms of different trophic levels is called energy flow. Energy flow is unidirectional, 10% loss of energy in each trophic levels. 2-10% PAR captured by green plants.Energy flow diagram from the text.

Discussion

425.	Describe the major components of ecosystems.
Answer» (a) Biotic- (i) Producer-green plants. (ii) Consumers- primary, secondary, tertiary and decomposers. (b) Abiotic- (i) Physical and climatic factors-soil, temperature, light, humidity. (ii) Chemical factors-inorganic chemical substances (sodium, potassium, nitrogen etc.) organic substances-(humus, protein, fat etc.)

425.

Describe the major components of ecosystems.

Answer»

(a) Biotic-

(i) Producer-green plants.

(ii) Consumers- primary, secondary, tertiary and decomposers.

(b) Abiotic-

(i) Physical and climatic factors-soil, temperature, light, humidity.

(ii) Chemical factors-inorganic chemical substances (sodium, potassium, nitrogen etc.) organic substances-(humus, protein, fat etc.)

Discussion

426.	Buildup of organic material in soil is under which of the following conditions toA. `lt 10^@ C` temperature , Absence of oxygenB. Warm temperature, Humid environmentC. Aerobic conditions , `gt 25^@C` temperautreD. Nitrogen rich detritus, optimum moisture
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

427.	Describe the advantages of keeping the ecosystems healthy.
Answer» The various advantages of keeping the ecosystem healthy are as follows : (i) Healthy ecosystem is the base for a wide range of economic, environmental and aesthetic goods and services. (ii) The products of ecosystem processes are named as ecosystem services, as they are of great help to the organisms living within an ecosystem. (iii) Healthy forest ecosystem purify air and water. (iv) It also mitigates droughts and floods and cycle nutrients. (v) Healthy ecosystem generates fertile soil and provides wildlife habitat. (vi) Maintenance of biodiversity is also an important aspect of healthy ecosystem (vii) It also provides aesthetic, cultural and spiritual values.

427.

Describe the advantages of keeping the ecosystems healthy.

Answer»

The various advantages of keeping the ecosystem healthy are as follows :

(i) Healthy ecosystem is the base for a wide range of economic, environmental and aesthetic goods and services.

(ii) The products of ecosystem processes are named as ecosystem services, as they are of great help to the organisms living within an ecosystem.

(iii) Healthy forest ecosystem purify air and water.

(iv) It also mitigates droughts and floods and cycle nutrients.

(v) Healthy ecosystem generates fertile soil and provides wildlife habitat.

(vi) Maintenance of biodiversity is also an important aspect of healthy ecosystem

(vii) It also provides aesthetic, cultural and spiritual values.

Discussion

428.	Humification results in the formation of _______substance.A. Colloidal , BasicB. Acidic ,Dark colouredC. Amorphous, Light colouredD. Light coloured, Colloidal
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

429.	Ecosystem is not a/an:A. open systemB. closed systemC. variable systemD. none of these
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

430.	Ecosystem is:A. openB. closedC. both open and closedD. neither open nor closed
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

431.	Largest ecosystems in the world are:A. ForestsB. OceansC. Great lakesD. Grasslands
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

432.	The '10 per cent law' is related to:A. Mendelian geneticsB. Non-Mendelian geneticsC. Energy transfer from lower trophic level to higher trophic levelD. Energy consumption during photosynthesis in `C_(4)` plants
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

433.	What amount of energy is lost in transferring food energy from one trophic level to another?A. `90%`B. `20%`C. `5%`D. `10%`
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

434.	The stable community during an acological succession that would be near equilibrium with the enviorment is calledA. climax communityB. pioneer communityC. sereD. carnbivores.
Answer» Correct Answer - A The community that is in near equilibrium with the environment is called a climax community.

Discussion

435.

Differentiate between two different types of pyramids of biomass with the help of one example of each.

Answer»

S. No.	Upright pyramid of biomass	Inverted pyramid of biomass
(i)	The biomass of producers is more than that of consumers.	The biomass of the producers (phytoplankton) is less than that of consumers (fish).
(ii)	For example, forest ecosystem.	For example, aquatic ecosystem.

Discussion

436.	Study the following statements and the incorrect ones. (i) Pyramids of energy and yearly biomass production can never be inverted, since this would violate the laws of thermodynamics. (ii) Pyramids of standing crop and numbers can be inverted, since the number of organisms at a time does not indicate the amount of energy flowing throgh the system. (iii) There are certain limitations of ecological pyramids such as they do not take into account the same species belonging to two or more trophic levels. (iv) Saprohytes are not given any place in ecological pyramids even though they play a vital role in the ecosystem.A. I and iiB. iii and ivC. ii and iiiD. None of these
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

437.	Most food chains are composed of:A. 1 or 2 speciesB. 3 to 4 speciesC. 90 or 10 speciesD. more than 16 species
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

438.	Which of the following is false ?A. Quantity of biomass in a trophic level at a particular period is called as standing cropB. The energy content in a trophic level is determined by considering individuals of a species in that trophic levelC. The succession that occurs in newly cooled lava is called primary successD. Rate of succession is faster in secondary succession
Answer» Correct Answer - B The energy level in a trophic level is not determined by considering individuals of a species in that trophic level.

Discussion

439.	Krishna visited his family farm and found that one of the workers was introducing earthworms in the soil. He immediately rushed to his superior family members and asked them the reason for this. His family members appreciated it and his grand father specially explained the advantages of the earthworms with regard to the improvement of soil fertility. Answer the following questions on the basis of above information. (i) Why are the earthworms called as detrivores ?(ii) What are the steps involved in decomposition ? (iii) What values are exhibited by Krishna ?
Answer» (i) The earthworms are called detrivores because they break down detritus into smaller particles and increase the soil fertility. (ii) Fragmentation, leaching, humification and mineralization are the main steps in the process of decomposition. (iii) Krishna is keen in observation, curious and has a scientific aptitude.

439.

Krishna visited his family farm and found that one of the workers was introducing earthworms in the soil. He immediately rushed to his superior family members and asked them the reason for this. His family members appreciated it and his grand father specially explained the advantages of the earthworms with regard to the improvement of soil fertility. Answer the following questions on the basis of above information. (i) Why are the earthworms called as detrivores ?(ii) What are the steps involved in decomposition ? (iii) What values are exhibited by Krishna ?

Answer»

(i) The earthworms are called detrivores because they break down detritus into smaller particles and increase the soil fertility.

(ii) Fragmentation, leaching, humification and mineralization are the main steps in the process of decomposition.

(iii) Krishna is keen in observation, curious and has a scientific aptitude.

Discussion

440.	Which is false about chain ?A. Grazing food chain is major conduit of energy for aquatic ecosystemB. In terrestrial ecosystem, large fraction of energy flows through detritus food chainC. Primary consumers belong to first trophic levelD. Detritus food chain begins with dead organic matter
Answer» Correct Answer - C Primary produces belong to first trophic level.

Discussion

441.	Which of the following statements regarding food chain is false?A. In an aquatic ecosystem, grazing food chain is the major conduit for energy flowB. In terrestrial ecosystem, a large fraction of energy flows through detritus food chainC. The detritus food chain begins with dead organic matterD. Primary consumers belong to the first trophic level
Answer» Correct Answer - D All animals depend on plants directly or indirectly for their food needs. They are hence, called consumers and also heterotrophs. If they feed on the producer, the plants (belonging to the first trophic level), they are called primary consumers. Obviously the primary consumers will be herbivores. Some common herbivores are insects, birds and mammals in terrestrial ecosystem and molluscs in aquatic system. Thus primary consumers belong to the second trophic level.

Discussion

442.	Pyramid of number in a cropland ecosystem isA. UprightB. InvertedC. RhomboidalD. Spindle shaped
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

443.	Which of the following statements is not correct about energy flow in an ecosystem ?A. Pyramid of energy is always straightB. Energy flow is unidirectionalC. Energy flow iws cyclicD. Ecological efficency is generally `10%`
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

444.	Grazing food chainA. Provides inorganic matter to detritus food chainB. Binds the inorganic nutrients into organic matter.C. Is based on energy present in detritusD. Does not add energy into ecosystem.
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

445.	In grazing food chain, carnivores may also referred to as:A. Primary producersB. DecomposersC. primary consumersD. Secondary cosumers
Answer» Correct Answer - D In grazing food chain, carnivores are secondary consumers.

Discussion

446.	Why is measurement of the biomass in terms of dry weight more accurate than fresh weight ?
Answer» Biomass in terms of fresh weight shows variations in weight due to seasonal moisture differences whereas the biomass in terms of dry weight remains unaffected by such seasonal moisture variations. Therefore, the measurement of biomass in terms of dry weight is considered more accurate than fresh weight.

Discussion

447.	In which of the following cycles, does the reservoir of the nutrient exist in material form?A. water cycleB. Carbon cycleC. Phosphorus cycleD. Nitrogen cycle
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

448.	Explain the function of ‘reservoir’ in a nutrient cycle. List the two types of nutrient cycles in nature.
Answer» The function of the reservoir is to meet the deficit which occurs due to imbalance in the rate of influx and efflux. The two types of nutrient cycles are: i. Gaseous, and ii. Sedimentary

448.

Explain the function of ‘reservoir’ in a nutrient cycle. List the two types of nutrient cycles in nature.

Answer»

The function of the reservoir is to meet the deficit which occurs due to imbalance in the rate of influx and efflux.

The two types of nutrient cycles are:

i. Gaseous, and

ii. Sedimentary

Discussion

449.	Describe the effects of human activities in influencing natural ecosystem cycles with special reference to carbon cycle.
Answer» Human activities have significantly influenced the carbon cycle. Rapid deforestation and massive burning of fossil fuels for energy and transport have significantly increased the rate of release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas which allows the solar radiations to enter but prevent the escape of heat radiations of longer wavelength. The absorbed radiations again come to earth’s surface and heat it up. Thereby increasing the average temperature of surface of the earth, i.e., global warming.

Discussion

450.	Magnitude of primary productivity is affected byA. Temperature , Availability of nutrientsB. Solar radiations available, Availability of nutrientsC. Photosynthetic capacity of producersD. All of these
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

Birds and fishes belong to tropic levelA. `T_(1)`B. `T_(2)`C. `T_(3)`D. `T_(4)`

What is meant by humification?

Approximately how much of the solar energy that falls on the leaves of a plant is converted to chemical energy by photosynthesisA. `1-5%`B. `2-10%`C. `30%`D. `50%`

Cow and zooplanktons lies at tropic levelA. `T_(1)`B. `T_(2)`C. `T_(3)`D. `T_(4)`

The plants in which vascular tissues are absent and well developed aerenchyma is present, areA. XerophytesB. HalophytesC. HydrophytesD. Mesophytes

For their energy demnds, organisms at each tropic level depend on those at theA. Lower tropic levelB. Higher trophic levelC. Any trophic levelD. Sunlight

The second tropic level in the lake isA. ZooplanktonsB. PhytoplanktonC. BenthosD. Fishes

Mechanical tissue is best developed inA. HydrophytesB. HalophytesC. XerophytesD. Mesophytes

Primary succession is development of communities onA. Cleared forest areaB. Previously unoccupied sitesC. Freshly harvested crop fieldD. Pond filled after a day season

Carnivores representA. Primary consumersB. Secondary and tertiary consumersC. Secondary consumersD. Reducers

Food chain isA. Number of human beings forming a chain for foodB. Animals near a source of foodC. Transfer of food energy from producers to consumersD. None of the above

Which can be the tropic level of a loin in a forest ecosystem ?A. `T_(3)`B. `T_(2)`C. `T_(4)`D. `T_(1)`

The primary succession refers to the development of communities on aA. forest clearing after devastaing fireB. newly-exposed habital with no record of earlier vegetationC. freshyly cleared crop fieldD. pond, freshly filled with water after a dry phase

In food chain initial organisms areA. Increased total energyB. Less total energy contentC. More total energy contentD. Non estimated energy content

Which one of the following has the largest population in a food chain ?A. ProducersB. Primary consumersC. Secondary consumersD. Decomposers

Frog feeding on herbivores insect isA. Primary consumersB. Secondary consumerC. Tertiary consumerD. Top carnivore

In an ecosystem , tropic level of man isA. ProducerB. HerbivoreC. OmnivoreD. Carnivore

Measurement of biomass is more accurate in terms ofA. Fresh weightB. Dry weightC. Both A and BD. None of the above

In a food chain, the initial organisms areA. Top consumersB. Secondary consumerC. primary consumersD. Photosynthesisers

The biomass of a species is expressed in terms ofA. Fresh weightB. Dry weightC. Both A and BD. None of the above

Which group of organism occupies the third tropic level in an ecosystem? (a) Primary consumers (b) Secondary consumers (c) Secondary carnivores (d) Omnivores

Each succesive tropic level hasA. Less total energyB. More total energyC. Increased total energyD. Non-estimated energy contents

Give an account of energy flow in an ecosystem.

Describe the major components of ecosystems.

Buildup of organic material in soil is under which of the following conditions toA. `lt 10^@ C` temperature , Absence of oxygenB. Warm temperature, Humid environmentC. Aerobic conditions , `gt 25^@C` temperautreD. Nitrogen rich detritus, optimum moisture

Describe the advantages of keeping the ecosystems healthy.

Humification results in the formation of _______substance.A. Colloidal , BasicB. Acidic ,Dark colouredC. Amorphous, Light colouredD. Light coloured, Colloidal

Ecosystem is not a/an:A. open systemB. closed systemC. variable systemD. none of these

Ecosystem is:A. openB. closedC. both open and closedD. neither open nor closed

Largest ecosystems in the world are:A. ForestsB. OceansC. Great lakesD. Grasslands

The '10 per cent law' is related to:A. Mendelian geneticsB. Non-Mendelian geneticsC. Energy transfer from lower trophic level to higher trophic levelD. Energy consumption during photosynthesis in `C_(4)` plants

What amount of energy is lost in transferring food energy from one trophic level to another?A. `90%`B. `20%`C. `5%`D. `10%`

The stable community during an acological succession that would be near equilibrium with the enviorment is calledA. climax communityB. pioneer communityC. sereD. carnbivores.

Differentiate between two different types of pyramids of biomass with the help of one example of each.

Most food chains are composed of:A. 1 or 2 speciesB. 3 to 4 speciesC. 90 or 10 speciesD. more than 16 species

Which is false about chain ?A. Grazing food chain is major conduit of energy for aquatic ecosystemB. In terrestrial ecosystem, large fraction of energy flows through detritus food chainC. Primary consumers belong to first trophic levelD. Detritus food chain begins with dead organic matter

Pyramid of number in a cropland ecosystem isA. UprightB. InvertedC. RhomboidalD. Spindle shaped

Which of the following statements is not correct about energy flow in an ecosystem ?A. Pyramid of energy is always straightB. Energy flow is unidirectionalC. Energy flow iws cyclicD. Ecological efficency is generally `10%`

Grazing food chainA. Provides inorganic matter to detritus food chainB. Binds the inorganic nutrients into organic matter.C. Is based on energy present in detritusD. Does not add energy into ecosystem.

In grazing food chain, carnivores may also referred to as:A. Primary producersB. DecomposersC. primary consumersD. Secondary cosumers

Why is measurement of the biomass in terms of dry weight more accurate than fresh weight ?

In which of the following cycles, does the reservoir of the nutrient exist in material form?A. water cycleB. Carbon cycleC. Phosphorus cycleD. Nitrogen cycle

Explain the function of ‘reservoir’ in a nutrient cycle. List the two types of nutrient cycles in nature.

Describe the effects of human activities in influencing natural ecosystem cycles with special reference to carbon cycle.

Magnitude of primary productivity is affected byA. Temperature , Availability of nutrientsB. Solar radiations available, Availability of nutrientsC. Photosynthetic capacity of producersD. All of these