InterviewSolution
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InterviewSolution
This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 651. |
Name and explain the evolutionary concept represented in the illustration given below: |
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Answer» The illustration represents adaptive radiation. For explanation, refer to Basic Concepts Point 6(iii). |
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| 652. |
The strongest support to arganic evolution comes from the study ofA. comparative anatomyB. fossilsC. embryologyD. taxonomy |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 653. |
Who is regarded as father of evolutionary conceptA. AristotleB. EmpedocelsC. LamarckD. Darwin |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 654. |
Wings of bird and bat areA. Homologous but not analogousB. Neither homologous nor analogousC. VestigialD. Both homologous and analogous |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 655. |
Which one is not a vestigial organ?A. Wings of KiwiB. Flipper of sealC. Coccyx in manD. Splint bone of horse |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 656. |
Coacervates areA. Colloidal dropletsB. Contain nucleoproteinC. (a) and (b)D. Protobiont |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 657. |
Theory of spontaneous generation was given byA. Louis PasteurB. F. RediC. Von HelmontD. Spallanzani |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 658. |
Reappearance of certain ancestral characters is calledA. anabolismB. catabolismC. atavismD. metabolism |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 659. |
During evolution of man many changes have taken place in his ancestral characters. Which one of the following is an unsignificant changeA. Change of diet from hard tough fruits and roots into soft foodB. Qualitative improvement in the structure of hands skills for making toolsC. Disappearance of tailD. Improvement in speech for communication and social behaviour |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 660. |
Which one of the following is a living fossil ?A. Pinus longifoliaB. Dalbergia sissooC. Mirabilis jalapaD. Ginkgo bilob |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Ginkgo biloba is believed to be the oldest living seed plant. Its fossils have been found in rocks as old as Triassic. It still survives with little change over this long period of time while other members of its group have become extinct |
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| 661. |
Common origin of man and chimpanzee is best shows byA. Binocular visionB. Homology in chromosomesC. Dental formulaD. Cranial capacity |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 662. |
Which one of the following statements about fossil human species is correct ?A. Fossils of Homo neanderthalensis have been found recently in South AmericaB. Neanderthal man and Cro-magnon man did exist for sometime togetherC. Australopithecus fossils have been found in AustraliaD. Homo erectus was preceded by Homo habilis |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Homo erectus was a large hominid. It had a length of about 150 to 170 cm (5 to 5.5 feet) with a low but distinct forehead strong browring and a brain capacity of about 1000 cc. Homo erectus was social and living in tribes of 20 to 50 people and thus had s successful and complex culture. It became widespread throughout the tropical and temperate old world. |
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| 663. |
Ichthyosaurs evolved aroundA. 200 myaB. 350 myaC. 500 myaD. 600 mya |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 664. |
What was pangaea ? When did it exist ? |
| Answer» Pangaea was a large, irregular land mass which later broke up into the various continents . It existed around Carboniferous period (some 345 million years back ) or a little earlier. | |
| 665. |
What are metamorphic rocks ? Give one example |
| Answer» A sedimentary rock may melt due to pressure and heat, and later resolidify to form a new rock. The latter is callec metamorphic rock. Marble is formed from lime stone in this manner. | |
| 666. |
Mention any four details tha can be inferred about organisms from their fossils. |
| Answer» Fossils can show distribution of organisms in the rocks , disparity between past and present organisms, ancestry of organisms and missing links between groups of organisms | |
| 667. |
Give an example of a fossil that shows an unalterned animal |
| Answer» A baby woolly mammoth found in 1929 preserved by refrigeration in the arctic ice in Siberia. It was so well preserved for about 45,000 years that its flesh was eaten by dogs. | |
| 668. |
Adaptation and mutation are interlinked. Which occurs first ? |
| Answer» Mutation occurs first , it alters structure , or behaviour, or both which enable the organism to adjust if and when change takes place in the environment. | |
| 669. |
what is homoeostasis ? |
| Answer» Maintenance of constant internal conditions by organisms for survival. This is achieved by regulating metabolic processes. | |
| 670. |
Explain the principle of the Hardy-Weinberg. |
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Answer» Hardy-Weinberg principle:
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| 671. |
What kind of evidence is afforded by Darwin’s finches in support of orgaine evolution? |
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Answer» Adaptive radiation i.e. All these finches evolved from common ancestor but they diverge in various directions. |
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| 672. |
Diagram of Earth is given . Answer the question : (a)Label the regions marked as 1,2,3 and 4 (b)Give thickness of the above four regions . (c )Name important elements present in these regions. (d)Give alternative name of central (core) part of the earth and that of mantle. (e)Name the galaxy to which our solar system belongs . |
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Answer» (a)1.Earth crust 2.Mantle 3.Outer core 4. Inner core (b)1.Earth crust -20-25 miles 2.Mantle -1800 miles 3.Outer core -1400 miles 4.Inner core -800 miles (c )1.Silica and aluminium 2.Silica , magnesium and manganese 3 & 4 . Iron and Nickel (d)Baryosphere or nife , Pyrosphere . (e)Akash Ganga or The Milky way. |
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| 673. |
What is divergent evolution ? Explain taking an example of plants. OR Explain divergent evolution with two examples. |
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Answer» Some structures developed along different directions due to adaptations to different needs performing different functions. This is called divergent evolution. Examples: i. Forelimbs of whales, bat, cheetah and humans have similar pattern of bones. ii. Thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita are modifications of stem. |
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| 674. |
What is divergent evolution? Explain taking an example of plants. |
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Answer» Divergent evolution means that the same structure developed along different directions due to adaptation to different needs. The differently developed structures are homologous . In plants , thorn of Bougainvillea and tendrils or Cucurbita are homologous organs. These developed from common ancestral structure in different directions due to adaptation to different needs . |
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| 675. |
What was Lamarck’s theory of evolution? Explain the theory by quoting an example. |
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Answer» Lamarck’s theory of evolution states that use and disuse of an organ can bring about a change in that organ which is then acquired and passed on to the next generation, e.g., the long neck of giraffe was explained by Lamarck, as an outcome of these animal to stretch their neck constantly to eat the leaves from the upper branches of the trees. |
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| 676. |
How is Darwin’s concept of evolution different from that of de Vries? |
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Answer»
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| 677. |
Assertion : Evolution of man is the example of progresstive evolution. Reason : Tapeworm is developed due to retrogressive evolution.A. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertionB. If both the assertion and reason are ture but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertionC. If the assertion is true but the reason is falseD. If both the assertion and reason are false |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Progressive evolution is the formation of more complex specialized organisms from simple and less elaborate forms. Examples: evolution of amphibians from fish like ancestors and evolution of birds and mammals from retpile-like ancetors. Retrogressive evolution is the formation of simple and less elaborate forms from more complex and specialized ones. Example : evolution of many parasitic organisms like tape worm which does not have digestive system. it absorbs food through body surface. |
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| 678. |
Most advanced theory of origin of life is that ofA. CatastrophicB. Haldane and OparinC. CosmozoicD. Spontaneous |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Most advanced theory of origin of life is that of Haldane and Oparin. |
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| 679. |
the origin of seeds in the land plants was achieved about 345 million years ago, in lineages recognised as anecestral to all more advanced vascular plants inA. RhyniaB. Tracheophyte ancestorC. Seed fernsD. Conifers |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 680. |
Which is the most advanced theory of origin of life ?A. SpontaneousB. CatastrophicC. Oparin and HaldaneD. Non-spontaneous |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 681. |
Theory of spontaneous generation was given byA. Louis PasteurB. SpallanzaniC. F.RediD. Van Helmont |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 682. |
Cro-Magnon man wasA. SanguivorousB. FrugivorousC. CarnivorousD. Herbivorous |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Cro-Magnon Man was carnivorous. |
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| 683. |
What evidence suggests that Chimpanzee is more closely related to humans than other hominoid apes ?A. DNA from sex chromosomes onlyB. Chromosome morphology onlyC. Fossils remainsD. DNA of both autosomes and sex chromosomes |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Chromosome morphology suggests that Chimpanzee is more closely related to humans than other hominoid apes. |
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| 684. |
Coacervates areA. Protein aggregatesB. Protein and lipid aggregatesC. Chemical aggregatesD. Protobionts with polysaccharides, proteins and water |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Coacervates are protobionts with polysaccharides, proteins and water. |
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| 685. |
Which experiment suggests that simplest living organism could not have originated spontaneously from non-living matter ?A. Larvae could appear in decaying organic matter.B. Microbes can appear on bread kept at a moist place.C. Microbes appear on unsterilised organic matter.D. Meat was not spoiled, when heated and kept sealed in a vessel. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Francesco Redi, an ltalian physician, took the flesh and cooked it so that no organisms were left alive. Then he placed fleshin three jars, of which, one was uncovered, the second was covered with parchment and the third one was covered with fine muslin. He kept these jars for a few days and observed that maggots developed only in the uncovered jar though the flies also visited other jars. |
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| 686. |
Coacervates belongs to the category of :A. ProtozoansB. Molecular aggregatesC. Molecular aggregates surrounded by lipid membraneD. Cyanobacteria |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Coacervates belong to the category of molecular aggregates surrounded by lipid membrane. |
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| 687. |
Most of the fossils occur in rocksA. SedimentaryB. MetamorphicC. IgneousD. None of these |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Most of the fossils occur sedimentary rocks. |
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| 688. |
Which experiment suggests that simplest living organism could not have originated spontaneously from non-living matter ?A. Microbes did not appear in stored meat.B. Microbes appeared from unsterilised organic matterC. Larvae could appear in decaying organic matterD. Meat was spoiled when heated and kept in sealed vessel |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Meat was not spoiled when heated and kept in sealed vessel suggests that simples living organisms could not have originated spontaneously from non-living matter. |
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| 689. |
There are two opposing views about origin of modern man. According to one view Homo erectus in Asia were the ancestors of modern man. A study of variation of DNA however suggested African origin of modern man. What kind of observation on DNA variation could suggest this ?A. Greater variation in Asia than in AfricaB. Greater variation in Africa than in AsiaC. Similar variation if Africa and AsiaD. Variation only in Asia and no variation in Africa |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C There are two opposing views about origin of modern man. According to one view erectus in Asia was ancestor of modern man. A study of variations of DNA, however suggested the African origin of modern. What kind of observation on DNA variations could suggest this similar variation of Africa and Asia. |
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| 690. |
The earliest or first fossil man know present isA. Homo habilisB. Homo erectusC. AustralopithecusD. Ramapithecus |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 691. |
Name given to fossil homind of shivalik hills in India isA. RamapithecusB. AustralopithecusC. PithecanthropusD. Sinanthropus |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 692. |
Name given to fossil homind of shivalik hills in India isA. RamapithecusB. AustralopithecusC. PithecanthropusD. Both A and B |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Name given to fossil of Shivalik hills in India is Ramapithecus. |
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| 693. |
The first domesticated animals by primitive man wasA. catB. cowC. dogD. horse |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 694. |
Give a biological term for single step large mutation. |
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Answer» Large mutation Saltation. |
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| 695. |
According to fossils discovered up to present time origin and evolutions of man was started fromA. FranceB. JavaC. AfricaD. China |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C The first Hominid (ancestor from whom humans evolved) arose at a time when a change in weather led to the reduction in the size of the African forests favouring bipedalism. |
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| 696. |
Which one of the following is a living fossilA. MossB. SaccharamycesC. SpirogyraD. Cycus |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 697. |
Evolution of life shows that life forms had a trend of moving fromA. Land to waterB. Dryland to wet landC. Fresh water to sea waterD. Water to land |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 698. |
Appearance of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is an example ofA. Adaptive radiationB. TransductionC. Pre-existing variation in the populationD. Divergent evolution |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 699. |
Fossils are generally found in:a. Sedimentary rocksb. Igneous rocksc. Metamorphic rocksd. Any type of rock |
| Answer» a. Sedimentary rocks | |
| 700. |
Viviparity is considered to be more evolved because:a. the young ones are left on their ownb. the young ones are protected by a thick shellc. the young ones are protected inside the mother's body and are looked after they are born leading to more chances of survivald. the embryo takes a long time to develop |
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Answer» c. the young ones are protected inside the mother's body and are looked after they are born leading to more chances of survival |
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