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InterviewSolution
This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 101. |
Fossil of Archaeopteryx lithographica placed in London was found inA. IndiaB. ChinaC. GermanyD. England |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 102. |
Which of the following isotopes is used for finding the fossil age maximum about 35,0000 years?A. `.^(238)U`B. `.^(14)C`C. `.^(3)H`D. `.^(206)Pb` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 103. |
Improvement of human race by controlled selective breeding between individual with desirable characteristics is calledA. InbreddingB. EuthenicsC. EugenicsD. None of these |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 104. |
The rocks that contain fossil are Or The fossil are preserved inA. Metamorphic rocksB. Igneous rocksC. Sedimentary rocksD. All the above |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Sedimentary rocks are formed by the settling of the sediments of the rain water and has a fair chance of trapping the organisms in it for fossilization. |
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| 105. |
The preserved fossil remains of Archaeopteryx show thatA. it was flying reptile from the Permain periodB. reptiles gave rise to birds during jurassic periodC. it was a flying reptile in the Triassic periodD. reptiles gave rise to birds during Permian period. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B The earliest bird Archaeopteryx is considered to be a missing link between reptiles and birds, as it possesses both reptilian as well as avaian characters. |
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| 106. |
A well preserved and most complete homonid fossil named Lucy belongs to the genusA. DryopithecusB. AustraloithecusC. HomoD. Pithecanthropus |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 107. |
Which of the following is the correct group of vestigal organs in man?A. Nictitating membrane, ear muscles, eyelids and coccyxB. Appendix, coccyx, ear muscles and elbow jointsC. Wisdom tooth, coccyx, body hair and ear pinnaD. Wisdom tooth, body hair , nictitating membrane and verniform appendix |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 108. |
Which is direct ancestor of Homo sapiens ?A. Homo erectusB. Homo sapiens neanderthalensisC. RamapithecusD. Australopithecus |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 109. |
Which is direct ancestor of Homo sapiens ?A. AustralopithecusB. H. sapiens neanderthallsC. Homo erectusD. Ramapithecus |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 110. |
Java ape man was named by Dubois asA. Pithecanthropus rectusB. Homo erectusC. Homo erectus erectusD. none of the above |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 111. |
The cranial capacity of Java ape man was aboutA. 1450 ccB. 900 ccC. 1660 ccD. 1075 cc. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 112. |
In evolution, the studies can be made at molecular level. For example, the proteins present in the blood of man and ape similar. The base sequence in nucleic acids and amino acids sequence in proteins of related organism is alike. These are the examples which are specifically referred to inA. convergent evolutionB. molecular analogyC. molecular homologyD. homoplastic appearance. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Molecular evolution is a change in the natural selection. The balck molecules to explain biojlogical changes at the molecular and cellular level using principle of evolutionary bioogy and population genetics. |
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| 113. |
Examine carefully the details given and group similar one in the table.Give suitable title for each column. Analyse the importance of each group in evolution. (Wings of bat, flipper of whale, wings of buttery, forelimbs of horse, wings of birds, rudementary body hair, wisdom teeth, vermiform appendix of man, patagium of draco). |
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| 114. |
The diagrams shown below represents the operation of natural selection on different traits. Observe the diagrams and answer the following : (a) Why graph C shows a marked difference from graph A.(b) What is the evolutionary significance of Directional Selection? (c) Mention the factors affecting gene frequency. (d) What is meant by founder effect? |
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Answer» (a) A is stabilizing selection and C is disruptive selection. (b) Peak shifted to one direction. (c) Gene migration Genetic drift Mutation Genetic recombination Natural selection (d) The effect where original drifted population becomes founders is called founder effect. |
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| 115. |
Fossils are the written document of evolution.1. Name the branch of biology which deals with the study of fossils? 2. How can we calculate the age of fossil? |
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Answer» 1. Paleontology 2. Radioactive – dating |
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| 116. |
The scientists believe that evolution is gradual. But extinction, part of evolutionary story, are ‘sudden’ and ‘abrupt’ and also group-specific. Comment whether a natural disaster can be the cause for extinction of species. |
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Answer» Natural disaster like earth quake can be the cause for extinction of species. During the long period since the origin and diversification of life on earth there were five episodes of mass extinction of species. |
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| 117. |
Identify the Experimental set up in Evolution and answer the following.1. Name the Experiment.2. Explain the significance of the given experimental setup. |
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Answer» 1. Urey and Miller experiment. 2. In laboratory primitive atmosphere is created. In closed ask (Spark discharge apparatus) CH4 , H2 , NH3 and water vapour is taken and heated at 8000c. S.L. Miller observed that the formation of amino acids. This supports theory of chemical evolution. |
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| 118. |
Explain Oparin and Haldane Hypothesis. |
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Answer» According to Oparin and Haldane, the life could have originated form pre-existing nonliving organic molecules. |
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| 119. |
In a class seminar, Varun says that some scientists believe that the life originated form the spores reached on earth from outer space. Name this theory of origin of life. |
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Answer» Theory of panspermia |
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| 120. |
Interspecific hybridization in the mating ofA. More closely related individuals within same breed for 4-6 generationsB. Animals within same breed without having common ancestorsC. Two different related speciesD. Superior males and females of different breeds |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 121. |
The diversity within the wild bird species in the given figure can best explained by which process A. Natural selectionB. Adaptive radiationC. Ecological successionD. Both (a) and (b) |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 122. |
Species diversity generally increases as one proceeds fromA. Low altitude to high altitude, and from low latitude to high latitudesB. High altitude to low altitude, and from low latitudes to high latitudesC. High altitudes to low altitudes, and from high latitudes to low latitudesD. Low altitudes to high altitudes, and from high latitudes to low latitudes |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C The environmental conditions in these region are favourable and hence species have become diversified. |
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| 123. |
Homo erectus differed from Cro-Magnon Man inA. having protruded jawsB. having receding jawsC. being able to draw pictures of animalsD. being able to make well- fromed tools and weapons |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 124. |
Fire was first used for protection and cooking byA. Java ape manB. Neanderthal manC. Cro-Magnon manD. Peking Man |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 125. |
In 1871, Charles Darwin described in his book "The Descent of Man" thatA. monkeys and apes had a common ancestorB. apes and man had a common ancestorC. prosimians and simians had common ancestorD. monkey, apes and men had common ancestor |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 126. |
State and explain any three factors affecting allele frequency in populations. |
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Answer» (i) Gene migration or gene flow: When migration of a section of population to another place and population occurs, gene frequencies change in the original as well as in the new population. New genes/alleles are added to the new population and these are lost from the old population. There would be a gene flow if this gene migrationhappens multiple times. (ii) Genetic drift: If the same change occurs by chance, it is called genetic drift. Sometimes the change in allele frequency is so different in the new sample of population that they become a different species. The original drifted population becomes founders and the effect is called founder effect. (iii) Mutation: Microbial experiments show that pre-existing advantageous mutations when selected will result in observation of new phenotypes. Over few generations, this would result in speciation. Natural selection is a process in which heritable variations enabling better survival are enabled to reproduce and leave greater number of progeny. |
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| 127. |
How do you express the meaning of words like race, breed, cultivars or variety? |
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Answer» • Race is a group of people who share similar and distinct physical characteristics. • A group of animals related by descent and similar in most characters like general appearance, features, size, configuration, etc., are said to belong to a breed. • A cultivar is a plant or grouping of plants selected for desirable characteristics that can be maintained by propagation. • A taxonomic category that ranks below species, its members differing from others of the same species in minor but heritable characteristics is called variety. |
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| 128. |
What were the sources of energyy during chemical evolution on primitive earth ? |
| Answer» Solar radiation (UV rays) , electric discharges, volcanic eruptions, heat from absorbed light, radiated by earth and from volcanic emissions, and cosmic rays | |
| 129. |
Which one provides direct and solid evidence in favour of organic evolution through ages `?`A. AtavismB. PalaeontologyC. Vestigeal organsD. Galapagos island fauna |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 130. |
Which one provides direct and solid evidence in favour of organic evolution through ages `?`A. AtavismB. Paleontology/fossilsC. Vestigial organsD. Galapagos island fauna |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Paleontology/fossils provides direct and solid evidence in favour of organic evolution through ages. |
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| 131. |
Assertion: We have lost all the direct evidence of origin of life. Reason : The person responsible to protect the evidence were not skilled.A. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertionB. If both the assertion and reason are ture but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertionC. If the assertion is true but the reason is falseD. If both the assertion and reason are false |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C During the profound changes that have been taking place since the remote past we have lost the direct evidences of origin of life. Due to these changes, the scientists, though skilled were not able to protect the evidence. |
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| 132. |
Assertion : Ginkgo biloba is living fossil. Reason : Organisms which have persisted and remain unchanged for the past several million years while their relative disappeared.A. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertionB. If both the assertion and reason are ture but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertionC. If the assertion is true but the reason is falseD. If both the assertion and reason are false |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Ginko biloba is a living fossil because its ancestors are unchanged for the last many hudred years while its relative disppeared. |
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| 133. |
Protein synthesis machinery revolves around RNA but in the course of evolution it was replaced by DNA. Justify. |
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Answer» Since RNA was unstable and prone to mutations, DNA evolved from RNA with chemical modifications that makes it more stable. DNA has double stranded nature and has complementary strands. These further resist changes by evolving a process of repair. |
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| 134. |
Mention the contribution of S.L. Miller’s experiments on Origin of Life. |
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Answer» S.L. Miller created an environment in laboratory similar to the one that existed before life originated. In a closed flask containing CH4, H2, NH3 and water vapour at 800°C, electric discharge was created. The conditions were similar to those in primitive atmosphere. After a week, they observed presence of amino acids and complex molecules like sugars, nitrogen bases, pigments and fats in the flask. This provided experimental evidence for the theory of chemical origin. |
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| 135. |
Which one of the following periods is largely associated with extinction of dinosaurs and the increase in flowering plants and reptilesA. JurassicB. triassicC. cretacerousD. permian |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 136. |
According to abiogenesis life originates from:A. non-livingB. pre-existing lifeC. chemicalsD. extra-terrestrial matter |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 137. |
Resemblance of one organism to another for protection and hiding:A. MimicryB. PredationC. AdaptationD. Camouflage |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 138. |
Darwin judged the fitness of an individual byA. ability of defend itselfB. strategy to obtain foodC. number of offspringD. dominance over other individuals |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 139. |
"Complete competitors cannot coexist" is true for :A. Character displacementB. Competitive exlucsionC. Primary successionD. Secondary succession. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 140. |
What is meant by the term Darwin fitness?A. The ability to survive and reproduceB. High aggressivenessC. Healthy appearanceD. Physical strength |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 141. |
Which of the following animals sows discontinuous distribution?A. Green musselsB. BatsC. Lung fishesD. Pacific salmons |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 142. |
Biogenesis was proposed by Francesco Redi and supported byA. Thales and PlatoB. Spallanzani and PasteurC. Thomson and HelmholtzD. Oparin and Haldane |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 143. |
The spark discharge apparatus that was used by millet contains(a) CH4 , O2 , H2 , NH3 and water vapaur (b) CH4 , O2 , NH3 and water vapaur (c) CH4 , O2 , NH3 and H2 (d) CH4 , H2 , NH3 and water vapaur |
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Answer» (d) CH4 , H2 , NH3 and water vapaur |
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| 144. |
Theory of catastropism was supported byA. Louis PasteurB. A.I. OparinC. CuvierD. Haldane |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C George Cuvier and orbigne were the chief supporter of theory of catastrophism. It states that there had been several creations., each preceded by a catastrophs due to some geological disturbance like volcanic erruptions, upheavelling of earth, unprecended increases in sea level etc. |
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| 145. |
Coacervates areA. Colloid dropletsB. Contain nucleoproteinC. Both (a) and (b)D. Protobiont |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Coacervates are the colloidal aggregates of large complex organic molcules capable of growth and division. |
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| 146. |
The gases used in the spark-discharge apparatus were -A. `NH_3, NH_4` and `O_2`B. `O_2, CO_2` and `NH_3`C. `CO_2, NH_3` and `CH_4`D. `H_2,CH_4` and `NH_3` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 147. |
The spark-discharge apparatus to test chemical evolution of life was designed by Or The first experiment on chemical evolution and origin of life was carried out byA. Oparin and HaldaneB. Miller and UreyC. Jacob and MonadD. Dixon and Jolley |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B The spark discharge glass apperatus was designed by miller and Urey to show that simple organic compounds could be formed in nature from the inorganic molecules. |
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| 148. |
In recent years, DNA sequence (nucleotide sequence) of mt-DNA and Y chromosomes were considered for the study of human evolution, becauseA. They can be studied from the samples of fossils remainsB. They are small, and therefore, easy to studyC. They are uniparental in orgin and do not take part in recombinationD. Their structure is known in greater detail |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 149. |
Now unit of evolution is calledA. PopulationB. GenusC. OrderD. Species |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 150. |
The major cause of evolution of genes and protein isA. Point mutationB. chromosomal aberrationC. sexual reproductionD. gene duplication and divergence |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |