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InterviewSolution
This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 251. |
Define Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) |
| Answer» Glomerular filtration rate is the amount of glomerular filtrate formed in all the nephrons of both the kidneys per minute. In a healthy individual, it is about 125 mL/minute. Glomerular filtrate contains glucose, amino acids, sodium, potassium, urea, uric acid, ketone bodies, and large amounts of water. | |
| 252. |
Which one of the following body functions is not performed by kidneysA. ExcretionB. OsmoregulationC. Regulation of blood volumeD. Destruction of dead blood corpuscles |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D (d) Kidney is an excretory organ performing osmoregulation and regulation of blood volume and along with excretion of nitrogenous wastes but never associated with phagocytosis. |
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| 253. |
The cortex of the kidney containsA. hilumB. glomeruliC. renal pelvisD. renal pyramids |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 254. |
The given figure represents a single nephron from a mammalian kidney. Identify the labelled parts, match them with the functions (i-iv) and select the correct option. (i). The site of ultrafiltration. (ii). Particularly sensitive to ADH. (iii). The main site for the reabsorption of glucose and amino acids. (iv). Largely responsible for the maintenance of blood pH.A. (i)-A,(ii),E,(iii)-C,(iv)-DB. (i)-A,(ii)-B,(iii)-C,(iv)-DC. (i)-B,(ii)-A,(iii)-C,(iv)-ED. (i)-E,(ii)-B,(iii)-D,(iv)-A |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Malpighian corpuscle (A) is the site of ultrafiltration. A considerable amount of water is reabsored in the collecting duct (E) under the influence of ADH. Proximal convoluted tubule (C) is the main site for the reabsorption of glucose and amino acids. in distal convoluted tubule (D), both hydrogen ions and ammonium ions are secreted, thus is maintains blood pH. |
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| 255. |
Unxtaglomerular cells of renal cortex synthesises an enzyme calledA. ADHB. OxytocinC. ReninD. Urochrome |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 256. |
The longest loop of Henle is found inA. kangaroo ratB. opposumC. rhesus monkeyD. porcupine. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Kangaroo rat lives in desert, therefore, it needs to conserve water in the body. In kangaroo rat, loop of Henle is significantly longer as it descends further into the medulla and produces a higher concentration gradient in the surrounding tissue so as to produce urine which is 18 times concentran than that of their blood. this gradient allows more water to diffuse into surrounding tissues to be reabsorbed. |
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| 257. |
The longest loop of Henle is found inA. Kangaroo RatB. Rhesus Monkey C. OpossumD. Rabbit |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Longest loop of Henle occurs in kangaro rat as it lives in desert. |
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| 258. |
In the daigram of excetory system of human beings given below, different parts have been indicated by alphabets, choose the answer in which these alphabets have been correctly matched with the parts which they represent A. A=kidney, B=abdominal aorta, C=Ureters, D=Urinary bladder, E=Urethra, F=Renal pelvisB. A=kidney, B=Abdominal aorta, C=Urethra, D=Urinary bladder, E=Ureters, F=Renal pelvisC. A=kidney, B=Renal pelvis, C=Urethra, D=Urinary bladder, E=Ureters, F= Abdominal aortaD. A=kidney, B=Abdominal aorta, C=Urethra, D=Urinary bladder, E=Renal pelvis, F=Ureters |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 259. |
The kidneys not only remove the waste products from the blood but also play a very important role in maintainingA. Equlibrium of the bodyB. Temperature of the bodyC. Constant composition of the blood irrespective of the nature of the food or fluid intakeD. Blood pressure constant |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 260. |
Which is not a part of nephron?A. PCT B. DCTC. loop of henleD. Collecting ducts |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Collecting duct is not part of nephron. |
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| 261. |
Haemodialysis is carried out in case of severe defect inA. kidneyB. liverC. lungD. stomach |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Hydrostatic pressure inside golmerular afferent arteriole is `+75` mm. |
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| 262. |
Amino acids participating in ornithine cycle areA. arginine, lysine and citrullineB. ornithine, arginine and glycineC. arginine, citrulline and ornithineD. ornithine, arginine and glutamic acid |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 263. |
Amino acids participating in ornithine cycle areA. Ornithine, citrulline and alanineB. Ornithine, citrulline and arginineC. Ornithine, alanine and fumaric acidD. Ornithine, citrulline and fumaric acid |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 264. |
Urine flows into ureters fromA. Kidney pelvisB. Urinary bladderC. UrethraD. Collecting ducts |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 265. |
Urea is directly produced in mammals fromA. Ammonia released by oxidative deaminationB. Oxidative deamination of purinesC. Breakdown of ornithineD. Breakdwon of arginine |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 266. |
Which of the following amino acids play important role in ornithine cycle ?A. Citrubline, glycineB. Ornithine, citrullineC. Glycine, methionineD. Arginine, methionine |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 267. |
Urine flows into ureters fromA.  Kidney pelvisB. Urinary bladderC. UrethraD. Collecting ducts |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Urine hows into meters from kidney pelvis. |
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| 268. |
In peritoneal dialysisA. Blood is removed from the body and a natural filter is employedB. Blood is not removed from the body and a natural filter is empolyedC. Blood is not removed from the body and an artifical filter is usedD. Blood is removed from the body and an artificial filter is employed |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 269. |
In peritoneal dialysisA. the blood is removed from the body and a natural filter is usedB. the blood is not removed from the body and a natural filter is usedC. the blood is not removed from the body and an artifical filter is usedD. the blood is removed from the body and an artificial filter is used. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Dialysis is of two types: haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Peritoneal dialysis uses a natural filter inside the body i.e., peritoneal membrane to remove wastes and extra fulid from the body. The dialysis fluid fills the belly and pulls out wastes and extra fluid from the body. blood is not removed from the body as in the case of haemodialysis. |
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| 270. |
Urea is produced in mammals fromA. Ammonia released by oxidativedeaminationB. Oxidative deamination of purinesC. Breakdown of omithineD. Breakdown of arginine |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Urea is produced in mammals from breakdown of arginine. |
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| 271. |
Which is the best adapted for conservation of water ?A. Ammonotelism B. Ureotelism C. UricoteIism D. Hydrophobism |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Uricotelism is the best adaptation for conservation of water. |
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| 272. |
Which is not a basic renal functionA. ReabsorptionB. PerfusionC. SecretionD. Filtration |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Perfusion. Pouring of a liquid |
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| 273. |
The first formed nitrogenous waste of vertebrates isA. ` NH_(2)`B. Urea C. NH_(3)`D. `NH_(4)^(+)` ion |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C The first formed nitrogenous waste of vertebrates is `NH_(3)` (in the fishes). |
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| 274. |
In peritoneal dialysisA. The blood is removed from the body and a natural filter is employedB. The blood is not removed from the body and a natural filter is usedC. The blood is not removed from the body and an artificial filter is usedD. The blood is used from the body and an artificial filter is employed |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 275. |
Kidney of frog isA. pronephrosB. mesonephrosC. opisthonephrosD. metanephros |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B If kidney fail to reabsorb water, the tissue would shrink and shrivel due to loss of water. |
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| 276. |
Which is not a basic renal functionA. ReabsorptionB. SecretionC. PerfusionD. Filtration |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 277. |
Ammonia is changed to uric acid in the liver ofA. ammonotelic animalsB. uricotelic animalsC. ornithotelic animalsD. ureotelic animals |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Length of female urethra is 4 cm. |
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| 278. |
which one is both osmoregulator as well as nitrogenous productsA. `NH_(3)`B. UreaC. Uric acidD. All of these |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 279. |
which one is both osmoregulator as well as nitrogenous productsA. `NH_(3)`B. Urea C. uric acidD. all of the above |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Some amount of urea may be retained in the kidney matrix of some of these animals to maintain a desired osmolarity. Urea is less toxic and less soluble in water than `NH_(3)`. |
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| 280. |
which one is both osmoregulator as well as nitrogenous productsA. `NH_(3)`B. UreaC. Uric acidD. All the above |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 281. |
Reabsorption of `K^(+)` ions in the tubules of nephrons occurs by the process ofA. osmosisB. diffusionC. filtrationD. active transport |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 282. |
Excretory product of spider isA. AmmoniaB. Uric acidC. GuanineD. All the above |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 283. |
Excretory product of spider isA. Ammonia B. Uric acidC. Guanine D. All of the above |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Excretory produced of spider is guanine. |
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| 284. |
Aminotelic animals areA. CockroachB. NereisC. Pila and StarfishD. Elasmobranch fishes |
| Answer» Correct Answer - c | |
| 285. |
Excretory product of spider isA. AmmoniaB. UreaC. Uric acidD. Guanine |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 286. |
Reabsorption of water through the tubules manily occurs byA. osmosisB. active transportC. facilitated diffusionD. carrier transport |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 287. |
Which one increases glomerular pressure ?A. ReninB. AngiotensinC. AldosteroneD. ADH |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 288. |
Reabsorption occurs in |
| Answer» Correct Answer - Tubular epithelia cells | |
| 289. |
A special sensitive region formed by cellular modification in DCT and afferent arterile at the location o their contact is called |
| Answer» Correct Answer - Juxta glomeular appratus | |
| 290. |
Approximate value of GFR |
| Answer» Correct Answer - 180 litre/day | |
| 291. |
GFR is regulated by |
| Answer» Correct Answer - Juxta glomerular apparatus | |
| 292. |
Vasa recta is absent in |
| Answer» Correct Answer - Podocytes | |
| 293. |
"Columns of Bertini" in the kidney of mommals are formed as the extension ofA. pelvis in ureterB. cortex in medullaC. medulla in cortexD. medulla in pelvis |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 294. |
"Columns of Bertini" in the kidney of mommals are formed as the extension ofA. cortex into medullaB. medulla into cortexC. renal pelvis into renal sinusD. renal capsule into cortex |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Column of Bertini is extension of cortex into menin. |
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| 295. |
What are columns of Bertini? |
| Answer» The cortex extends in between maedullary pyramidas as renal column called columna of Bertini | |
| 296. |
"Columns of Bertini" in the kidney of mommals are formed as the extension ofA. Medulla into cortexB. Cortex into medullaC. Medulla into pelvisD. Pelvis into ureter |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B (b) The reN//Al columns of Bertini is the part of cortex continued inside medulla between pyramids. |
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| 297. |
The conversion of `NH_(3)` into urea occurs in or Transamination process takes place inA. LungsB. Large intestineC. LiverD. Cloaca |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 298. |
In the urinogential organs of rabbit which one of following part is present in male but not in femaleA. UrethraB. Fallopian tubeC. VaginaD. Vas deferens |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D (d) Vas deferens or sperm duct is associated with male reproductive system which arises from cauda epididymis. |
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| 299. |
One of the following does the same work as is done by nephridia in earthwomA. Flame cells in liverflukeB. Myotomes in fishC. Statocysts in prawnD. Parotid gland in toad |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A (a) Flame cells remove water and nitrogenous wastes in platyelminthes. |
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| 300. |
Select the option which shows correct matchingof animal with excretory product `` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |